Term
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Definition
| Infection of the urinary tract/bladder. Usually follows an ascending pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of the ureters and/or kidneys. |
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Term
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Definition
| Immune-complex mediated renal damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Infection of the urethra. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ferments glycogen to lower pH which defends against pathogens. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemotactic for neutrophils. |
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Term
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Definition
| Presence of neutrophils in urine; indicative of a UTI. |
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Term
| Most common bacteria that causes a UTI. |
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Definition
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Term
| The meaning of uncomplicated cystitis |
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Definition
| No underlying defects in the host's immune system that may make an infection much worse. |
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Term
| Most common cause of UTI in women |
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Definition
| Fecal contamination (Has E. coli) |
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Term
| Causes painful urination and pyurea |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes back pain, nausea, and other systemic effects. |
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Definition
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Term
| Gram - rod bacteria that are oxidase negative, ferment lactose and are motile and have an H antigen on their flagella. They are normal flora of the GI tract. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the virulence factors of E. coli |
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Definition
"pathogenicity islands" (genes in sequence that are pathogenic).
P fimbriae (adhere to uroepithelial cells)
Cytotoxins including hemolysin
O antigen (LPS)
NOTE: only strains that express P fimbriae can cause a UTI. |
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Term
| Name the 3 common strains of E. coli and what differentiates them. |
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Definition
Commensials-low virulence. Normally occur in GI.
Intestinal pathogens-Can infect the GI and cause many symptoms of GI disease by producing many toxins.
Extra-intestinal pathogens-uropathogenic. Have a unique group of virulence factors that allow them to infect other areas besides the GI tract. |
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Term
| Coagulase negative staphylococci that produce grayish colonies that are non-hemolytic. This species is resistant to novobiocin. Occurs as normal vaginal flora. |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 other enterobacteriaceae that can cause opportunistic infections. Name them and an identifying feature of each. |
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Definition
Klebsiella (non-motile; thick polysaccharide capsule)
Enterobacter (motile/thin capsule)
Proteus (urease production raises pH and can cause crystallization; motility)
Serratia (colicins (bacteriocins) which destroy normal flora)
NOTE: All are antibiotic resistant. |
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Term
| Can occur after a streptococcal infection in the kidneys. |
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Definition
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