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Renal/Endo Drugs and SEs
Side effects for drugs
26
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
05/20/2015

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Cards

Term
Enalapril (pril)

ACE Inhibitor
Definition
Cough; Increases levels of bradykinin; hypotension; hyperkalaemia
Term
Isosartan (sartans)

Angiotensin receptor blocker
Definition
Cough; Increases levels of bradykinin; hypotension (less than ACEI) hyperkalaemia
Term
Propanolol

Beta blocker
Definition
Bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, AV block, depression, sedation, exacerbate diabetes and mask hypoglycaemia, impotence
Term
Verapamil

Ca channel blocker
Definition
Cardiac depression, bradycardia, dizziness, constipation, nausea, headache
Term
Mannitol

Osmotic diuretic
Definition
Transient expansion, headache, nausea, vomiting
Term
Acetazolamide

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
Definition
Metabolic acidosis, renal stones, renal K+ loss
Term
Frusemide

Loop diuretics
Definition
Electrolyte imbalance, K+ loss, impotence, hyperuricaemia, glucose intolerance, hypovolaemia, hearing loss, increased Ca and Mg excretion
Term
Chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide

Thiazide diuretics
Definition
K+ loss, rash, hyperuricaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, glucose intolernace
Term
Spironolactone

Aldosterone receptor antagonist
(K+ sparring diuretic)
Definition
Hyperkalaemia, decreased labido, impotence, menstrual disturbances
Term
Amiloride, triamterene

Na+ channel blockers
(K+ sparing diuretics)
Definition
Hyperkalaemia, hyperuricaemia, minor SEs
Term
Carbimazole

Thionamide
Definition
Agranulocytosis, cross placenta and milk, rashes, headache, nausea, joint pains
Term
Iodine/iodide supplement
Definition
Possible allergic reactions
Term
Radioactive iodine
Definition
Hypothyroidism, thyroid cancer (small increase in risk)
Term
T4 (thyroxine)
Definition
Elderly at risk of angina, arrhythmia, heart failure; osteoporosis
Term
Calcitriol (vit D)
Definition
Hypercalcaemia, hypercalciuria
Term
Hormone replacement therapy
Definition
Increased risk of cancers (eg breast), adverse cardiovascular effects
Term
Raloxifene

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
Definition
May affect breast and endometrial tissue, adverse cardiovascular effects
Term
Alendronate

Bisphosphate
Definition
Osteonecrosis of jaw, effect limited after 5 years, GI effects, compliance issues, atypical freactures
Term
Densumab

Monoclonal antibody against RANKL
Definition
Lacks long term safety and efficacy data
Term
Teriparatide

PTH/PTH fragments, bone anabolic agent
Definition
Possible increase in osteosarcoma
Term
Insulin - all durations
Definition
Hypoglycaemia, formation of antibodies, local allergic reactions
Term
Metformin

Insulin sensitiser
Definition
Weight loss, nausea, diarrhoea
Term
Thiazolidinediones

TZDs/glitazones
Insulin sensitiser
Definition
Weight gain, long term safety still unsure
Term
Glicazide

Sulphonylureas
Insulin secretion
Definition
High protein binding, hypoglycaemia, weight gain (stimulate appetite)
Term
Repaglinide

Glitinides
Insulin secretion
Definition
Hypoglycaemia
Term
Acarbose
a-glucosidase inhibitors

Oral hypoglycaemic agent
Definition
Flatulence, diarrhoea
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