Term
| Define glomerular filtration. |
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Definition
| Glomerular filtration is the process by which fluid that resembles plasma is filtered through the glomerular capillaries into the renal tubules. |
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Term
| How is the volume of the glomerular filtrate reduces and its composition altered? |
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Definition
| By removal of water and solutes from the tubular fluid and also through tubular secretion. |
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Term
| What is the function of mesangial cells? |
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Definition
Mesengial cells are stellate cells.
They are contractile allowing them to play a role in filtration
-Secrete extracellular matrix
-take up immune complexes
-involved in glomerular diseases progression |
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Term
| How are filtration slits formed in the Bowman's capsule? |
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Definition
| Podocytes have pseudopodiea that interdigitate to form filtration slits along the capillary wall. |
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Term
| What is a renal corpuscle? |
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Definition
| The renal corpuscle is the initial filtration unit of a nephron and is made of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule. |
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Term
| If a person is experiencing dehydration how is water conserved in the kidneys? |
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Definition
| During dehydration ADH is released which acts on aquaporins to increase the reabsorption of water from the collecting duct. Vasopressin also plays a role in regulating the reuptake of water. |
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Term
| What are the three cellular components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus? |
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Definition
-macula densa
-lacis cells
-juxtaglomerular cells |
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Term
| What is the function of the macula densa? |
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Definition
| The macular densa is sensitive to sodium chloride concentration. |
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Term
| What is the function of principal cells and by what mechanisms do they accomplish this task? |
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Definition
| P cells are located in the epithelium of the collecting duct involved in Na reabsorption and vasopressin-stimulated water reabsorption. |
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Term
| What is the function of intercalated or I cells? |
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Definition
| I cells are found in the distal tubules and collecting duct function in acid secretion and bicarbonate transport. |
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