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| Dictator like ruler. Ruled Italian city-states. |
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| Why did the italian city states decline? (15th century) |
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| They weren't united, attacked by outside nations. |
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| Who encouraged France to invade Italy and why? |
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| Milan. Wanted balance of power. |
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| Unofficial leader of Florence 1494-1498. Tried to convince them France was great. |
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| Told people to act decisively for the good of the state. Wanted to unite Italy. Human beings are selfish. Ends justify the means. |
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| Revival of ancient Greek/Roman ideas. Believed in individualism (humans had potential) |
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| Secular. Emphasis on reason. |
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| Serve the citizens. Education should prepare leaders. |
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| Father of Humanism. Wrote in vernacular (local language). Thought Scholasticism is useless. |
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| Wrote Decameron --- A plague stricken Florence. Important b/c talked about plague, critical of human behavior (secual misconduct, economic misconduct) |
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| Civic Humanist. First to use word humanism. 1st modern historian. |
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| Father of Modern Historical Criticism. Challenged Church in "On the False Donation of Constantine" and "The Latin Vulgate" |
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| Plato expressed flattering view of human nature, ideas revived. |
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| Member of Platonic Academy. people had free will and potential for greatness. |
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| Founded Platonic Academy. |
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| "The Book of Courtier" Renaissance man |
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| Paying money for support of something. |
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| Why was Renaissance centered in Italy? |
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| Lot of patronage for art. |
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| Where in Italy was the center of the Renaissance? |
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| Represented body in 3D. Glorified human body. |
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| Painted Betrayal of the Virgin. Had famous scholars in it. |
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| Medici, spent all the money, sold indulgences to compensate. |
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| Improve society and reform the church. |
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| In Praise of Folly ---- Reform Church, not destroy it. |
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| Writes Utopia. About perfect society. |
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| Francois Rabelais (not super important) |
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| French writer, education key to moral life |
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| English, uses ideas of ancient greece and rome. |
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| Don Quixote, earth realism with Religious idealism. |
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| late medieval attention to detail. Realistic. Intense landscapes. Emphasis on peasants. |
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| Spider King. Fought w/ nobles. Gained power of church. Encouraged economic growth. |
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| Francis I (Concordat of Bologna in 1516) |
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| King had power to appoint bishops to Gallican Church. |
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| Direct tax on land and property |
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| Yorks v Landcasters, Yorks win start Tudor dynasty |
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| Started star chamber (secret police, etc)- wanted to limit power of nobility. |
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| Removed moors and jews from Spain. |
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| Jews who pretended to convert to stay in spain. |
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| successfully got rid of abuse and opposition to the church in spain (1500) |
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| Gained territory for HRE in France from marriage, started hapsburg-valois war. |
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| Power HRE ruler, ruled at height of power. |
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| Population Growth, States wanted economic power. |
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| Association of German States controlled trade in north |
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| Center of beginning of stock market. |
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| Limited amount of wealth. Acquire gold and silver to be rich. |
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| Lighter, faster, stronger, ship built by Spain. |
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| Age of Exploration cause (3 g's) |
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| Prince Henry the Navigator |
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| Rich supporter of Navigation. |
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| Rounded tip of Africa first |
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| First to India all water route. |
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| Explored Brazil and Venezula for Portugal |
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| Sailed the ocean blue in 1492, founded America trying to get to India. |
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| wrote about mistreatment of Amerindians. |
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| Split new world between spain and portugal |
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| Ship first navigated world. He died. |
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| Founded Quebec looking for Northern Passage |
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