Term
| Economy in Medieval Europe was ________ based while the economy in Renaissance was _____. |
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Definition
1.Agriculture
2.Urban,growing,capitalist |
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Term
| Loyalty/Leadership in Medieval Europe was _____ _____ ____ while it was more _______ in the Renaissance. |
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Definition
1.Fragmented feudal society
2.Centralized |
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Term
| Culture was dominated by ______ in Medieval Europe while in Renaissance, it was more _______. |
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Definition
1.Church/Religion
2.Secular |
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Term
| A renewal of life, vigor, interest, and rebirth describes the? |
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Definition
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Term
| What caused Italy to receive so much trade and commerce in its Geography? |
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Definition
| It was the natural gateway between the East/West |
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Term
| What helped build up the urban cities in the Italian city-states? |
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Definition
| Trade (which also led to more education/travel) |
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Term
| If you were living back during the Italian Renaissance, would you say "I live In Italy" or "I live in Florence"? Explain. |
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Definition
| 1."I live in Florence" because people said which city-state they lived in (so it could be any other city-state; not just Florence) |
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Term
| What is the difference between Despotism and an Oligarchy? |
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Definition
| Despotism is ruled by one absolute ruler while an oligarchy is ruled by a small group of people |
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Term
| What provided the opening for Oligarchies to establish in cities and expland their power to where they independently ruled the states? |
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Definition
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Term
Supporters of the HRE were called _____
Supporters of the Pope were called ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F. Oligarchies became more common then despotism. |
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Definition
| False, Despotism became more common since there would be many arguments in an oligarchy |
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Term
What were the causes of the Ciompi Revolt 1378?(3)
What city-state was it in?
Who won? |
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Definition
1A) Old vs. New rich
1B)Black deatth panic
1C)Economic collapse of banks
2)Florence
3)Poor reigned for 4 years |
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Term
| Florence's famous despot was? He did what to the despotism in Florence? (He ______ it.) |
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Definition
1.Cosimo de Medici
2.disguised |
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Term
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Definition
| governing council made up of representatives from major clothing guilds |
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Term
| Medici's grandson was ______, and how did he rule Florence? |
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Definition
1.Lorenzo
2.Absolute power; made despotism obvious |
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Term
| What was the purpose of a Podesta? |
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Definition
| keep social groups weak enough so they can't challenge the prince/ruler |
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Term
| What 3 authorities did a Podesta have? |
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Definition
| military, executive, judicial |
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Term
The condottieri was a ______ ___ used by the _____.
T/F. They were paid.
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Definition
1.mercenary army
2.Podesta
3.True |
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Term
| What were 2 ways Italian City-States managed to avoid warfare between each other? |
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Definition
1.Emphasized Diplomacy
2.Established embassies and had ambassadors |
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Term
| Overall, Florence was ruled by a _____, Milan was ruled by a ______, and Venice was ruled by a _____. |
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Definition
1.despotism
2.despotism
3.republic |
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Term
| Because of all the wealth in Italy, there were tremendous achievements in? |
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Definition
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Term
Scholasticims was established by and for the?
It's goal was to reach the?
It said the new discovery fit with Church _____. |
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Definition
1.Church
2.The highest possible truth
3.teachings |
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Term
| In Medieval Europe, everything was prepared for the life to come while in the Renaissance everything was more? |
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Definition
| Secular and based on the here and now. |
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Term
| Humanism revolved around the ____ & ____ classics, and they hoped to establish ____ values that were ignored in Medieval Europe. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the Liberal Arts Program of Study called? It consisted of? |
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Definition
1. Studia Humanitas
2. grammar, poetry, philosophy, politics, history |
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Term
Who wrote "Vita Nuova" and "Divine Comedy"?
It was written in _____ and demonstrated ______. |
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Definition
1.Dante Alighieri
2.Italian, Scholasticism (reason/faith) |
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Term
Who was the father of humanism?
Was he for or against Scholasticism? |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ ______ was no longer subordinate to theology. |
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Definition
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Term
Johann Gutenberg was most famous for?
This invention led to the spread of? |
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Definition
Inventing Movable Type
Humanistic Ideas |
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Term
| In 1457-1458, what was published in Mainz, Germany? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the "Decameron"? What was it about? |
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Definition
1.Boccaccio
2.Plague and how people acted during the Plague |
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Term
| T/F. To be wise, speak eloquently, understand what is good, and practice virtu are the higer purposes of humanism. |
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Definition
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Term
| Plato had expressed a very _______ view of human nature |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote Oration on the Dignity and Potential? These writings were very ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the type of humanism that pertained to a city and prepared leaders in politics called? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Civic Humanism, it was believed that education should promote ______ _____ & _____ ____. |
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Definition
1. human virtue
2. public service |
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Term
Who wrote the Book of the Courtier?
This person stressed the characteristics for the ideal "Renaissance Man".
What was a Renaissance Man? |
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Definition
1. Castiglione
2. Well Rounded person (wise/good manners too) |
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Term
| What was the quintessential political treatise of the 16th century? |
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Definition
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Term
The Prince stressed that "the _____ justify the _____."
In other words, rulers had to be ______ (lion) and _____ (fox) |
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Definition
1. ends, means
2. aggressive, wise
*better to be feared than loved |
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Term
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Definition
| Basically, support for something |
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Term
| Patronage came from ______ merchant families and the local _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ became the center of Renaissance art in the cinquecento because? |
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Definition
| Rome because Florence declined and the head of the church was in Rome; church spent huge sums on art patronage |
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Term
| Pope Alexander VI did what? |
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Definition
| Spent huge sums on art patronage |
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Term
| What were 3 new ideas in painting? |
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Definition
1.Perspectice- 3d on 2d surfaces
2.Chiarascuro- dark/light color shading
3.Frescoes- wall paintings |
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Term
| In Medieval Europe, the art was stylized in faces and flat while the Renaissance art expressed unique _____ ______. |
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Definition
| Individual characteristics (more emotion on faces) |
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Term
| Renaissance sculptures were often ____-______, and many sculptures glorified the _____ body and many portrayed ____ figures. |
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Definition
1.free-standing
2.human
3.nude |
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Term
| T/F. Both sculpture and architecture were influenced by Greek and Roman techniques. |
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Definition
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Term
Renaissance architecture used a type of architecture called ____ ____ ____ which was triangular.
Architecture was also simple, balanced, and ______. |
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Definition
1.Greek Temple Architecture
2.Symmetrical |
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Term
| Renaissance architecture contrasted sharply with the ____ style of the _____ _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What marked the beginning of the high Renaissance in 1502? |
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Definition
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Term
Who was known as the quintessential Renaissance man, and what was he most famous for?
In this art work, he developed the technique of? |
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Definition
1.Leonardo da Vince, Mona Lisa
2.Sfumato |
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Term
Who was the painter who painted School of Athens and had Plato and Aristotle in the center?
His sculptures are painted in __________ stance. |
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Definition
1.Raphael Santi
3.Contrapposto |
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Term
Michaelangelo Buonarroti sculpted ____ and ____, and
he painted the _____ _____ ceiling, and he designed St. Peter's cathedral in the _____. |
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Definition
1.Pieta and David
2.Sistine Chapel
2.Vatican |
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Term
| What are the 3 main reasons for the decline of Italian City States? |
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Definition
French Invasions
Decline of Florence
Fighting between Spain and France |
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Term
| The Treaty of Loti put ____ and _____ into an alliance with Florence who were against _____ and Papal States to establish a balance of power. |
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Definition
1.Milan
2.Naples
3.Venice |
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Term
| Milan's despot was _______ who told French King Charles VII to invade ____ which caused the Treaty of Loti to _____ making Naples and Florence working together. |
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Definition
1.Ludovico
2.Naples
3.end |
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Term
| Who oversaw a theocracy in Florence after the Medicis were overthrown in 1494? |
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Definition
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Term
| Savanaroala became a puppet of the _____ which later caused him to be burned at the stake when? |
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Definition
1.French
2.France was removed from Italy in 1498 |
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Term
The Spanish were afraid of a _____-_____ alliance which made Spain alliance with ____, the _____ ____, and the Holy ____ _____.
(woah, that's a lot of blanks haha) |
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Definition
1.French-Italian
2.Venice, Papal States, Roman Empire |
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Term
| T/F. Northern Renaissance Art was exactly the same as Italian Renaissance Art. |
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Definition
| False, Northern Renaissance art didn't stress religion as much and used everyday people and death |
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Term
| Who was the Foremost Northern Renaissance Artist? |
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Definition
Durer (Knight, Death, and Devil)
(u should have the two dots over it) |
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Term
| In Northern Renaissance, what 2 things were emphasized compared to Greco-Roman influences in the Italian Renaissance? |
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Definition
1. Early church writings
2. education/power of human intellect
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Term
| Who was most famous and the most celebrated of all Northern Humanists? |
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Definition
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Term
| Erasmus wrote ___ ___ ___ ____. This criticized the ____ and _____ of church leaders and clergy and "_____ the egg that _____ would hatch." |
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Definition
1.In Praise of Folly
2.immorality, hypocrisy
3.layed, Luther |
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Term
| Who wanted a Utopian society free of accumulation of property? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sir Thomas More said that in order to acheive harmony, people had to? |
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Definition
| be willing to sacrifice their individual rights for the common good. |
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Term
| Who was the French Renaissance Writer that portrayed confidence in human nature? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whose works reflected the Renaissance ideas of classical Greek/Roman Culture, individualism and humanism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cervantes wrote? This was critical of excessive ____ _____. |
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Definition
1.Don Quixote
2.religious idealism |
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Term
| Women had increased access to ______ in the Renaissance, but Upper class women were to make themselves ____ for their ____ according to ________. |
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Definition
1.education
2.pleasing
3.husband/men
4.Castiglione |
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Term
| What was the sexual double standard for women? |
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Definition
| weren't allowed to have sex before marriage, but men were allowed to. (that makes a lot of sense -_- whatever) |
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Term
Who was the 1st Feminist?
What did she write?
Who was the 1st Lady of the Renaissance?
What did she show women? |
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Definition
1.Christine de Pisan
2.Treasure of the City of Ladies
3. Isabella de' Este
4.Showed them to break away from their ornamental roles since she ruled Mantua in Italy after her husband's death |
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Term
| Artemesia Gentileschi was the 1st female ____ to gain recognition in the post- Renaissance era. |
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Definition
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Term
| Female artists were consigned to _____ painting and ____ ____ at this time. |
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Definition
1.portrait
2.imitative poses |
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Term
T/F. There was much advancement from Middle Ages for lowerclass women.
What were Dowries? |
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Definition
1.False, there wasn't
2.money, goods, or estate that woman brings to her husband in marriage |
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