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| big on looking to classic texts, value in them but thought should be moved into more modern context, big on education (not an active participant in govt like Bruni was. Bruni looked up to Petrarcha, was sad that Patrarca wouldn’t join politics bc it was his thing). |
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| Political involvement of people, more political jobs, criticize classic texts because more into politics than empire |
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| roman humanist 1400’s, papal literature, part of papacy, employed by king of naples (worked under pope Nicolas V), accepted humanist texts aren’t perfect. Took positions of extremity on philosophical issues. Helped prove that the donation of Constantine was fraud (Donation gave papacy power that was more than religious power. He went point by point to prove false, ie: a word was used that didn’t exist when document was supposedly written). Writes the “glory of the latin language” saying latin is amazing, more religious based |
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| wrote defense of Roman origins of Florence. Ties Florence to Roman REPUBLIC not empire. More analytical, systemat |
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| Cosimo Returns From Exile |
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| king charles VIII of France attacks Naples, stops in Florence but Piero II de Medici gives Pisa and coastal cities-people get pissed. |
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| Borgia helps delle rovere gain power to pope and weakens his power (della Rovere becomes Pope Julius II) |
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| spain wages war on france in naples creating Spanish-french war (actually a war for control of all Europe) |
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| Pope Julius II creates league of Cambrai against Venice. Yet realizes helps French to take over Venice. |
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| So creates Holy League to defeat French, realigning with Venice, Swiss, Spanish |
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| battle of revena, huge massacre of French army, pulls out of italy |
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| Cardinal Giovani di Medici uses pope army to crush Florence (friends with pope), Machiavelli looses, Medici reinstated, Machiavelli exiled |
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| Giovani di Medici become Pope Leo X |
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| - new king of France= Francis 1. Go through Swiss to Milan. Florence, Venice, Papacy=allies of France |
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| Charles V of Habsburg= archduke of Austria, king of spain, king of naples, HRE |
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| Charles V of Habsburg take Milan, Geona |
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| -Francis 1 fails to attack Charles V of Habsburg, forced to sign peace treaty but refuses later |
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| Francis 1 and Pope Clement VII create league of Cognac against Charles V of habsburg. France Florence Venice Papacy against Spain but fails |
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| sack of Rome: troops from Charles go on rampage. Destroy Rome, Pope Clement VII can’t do anything. Anti-Medici inspired and kick out Meidici, reinstating Republic |
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| Clement VII and Charles V meet, END OF STORM, last Sforza dies, so Milan goes under Spanish rule. Charles crushes republic (no more signoria) and places duke Alessandro de Medici. Medici only care about authority and power now. |
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| Charles V of Habsburg crowned HRE (the last ever). End of the Florentine Republic (fall of republic, end of signoria, installment of Meidici, end of age of free city states). Southern Italy still ruled by Spanish |
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