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RELS 102 Exam Review
Religious Studies Terms and Definitions
41
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
10/26/2008

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Term
Ritual
Definition
an agreed on and formalized pattern of ceremonial movements and verbal expressions carried out in a sacred context
Term
Mantras
Definition
religious chants
Term
Rites of passage
Definition
rituals connected with critical events in the lives of individuals
Term
Liminal stage
Definition
transitional stages in ones life’s (thresholds)
Term
Communitas
Definition
spontaneous bond of communion between members of a society
Term
Social puberty rites
Definition
- the transition from the asexual world o childhood to an adult society that is differentiated by sexual roles
Term
Life-crisis rites
Definition
- a ritual undertaken to meet a specific crisis in the life of an individual or a community
Term
Seasonal and calendar rites
Definition
closely associated with the rhythmic changes of nature; with the cycles of the sun and moon; with winter, spring, summer, and autumn; as well as with seed time and harvest
Term
Vedas
Definition
- Hindu holy text only to be recited in Sanskrit
Term
Qur'an
Definition
Islam holy text only to be in Arabic
Term
Hebrew Bible
Definition
Jewish Holy text only to be read in Hebrew
Term
Canon
Definition
normative (accepted) scriptures of a community
Term
Canonical authority-
Definition
order of normative
Term
Hadith
Definition
oral traditions relating to the words and deeds of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, collections are regarded as important tools for determining the Sunnah, or Muslim way of life, by all traditional schools of jurisprudence.
Term
Hermeneutics
Definition
In contemporary usage in religious studies,refers to the study of the interpretation of religious texts.
Term
Guru Granth Sahib
Definition
the holy book, or scriptures, of the Sikhs
Term
Diversity
Definition
term refers to different cultures, religions, and ethnicities in a certain area
Term
Tolerance
Definition
putting up with other religions
Term
Pluralism
Definition
accepting other religions
Term
Exclusion
Definition
leaves things out or traps them out
Term
Assimilation
Definition
the merging of cultural traits from formerly distinct cultural groups
Term
Zeus
Definition
head of Greek pantheon, god of all Greek gods
Term
Isis and Osiris-
Definition
associated with the themes of death and rebirth, had a deep human appeal and spread far beyond Egypt
Term
Dualism
Definition
perceives the world as constituted by or as living under the ordering of two coequal, and often coeternal, sacred powers
Term
Yin-Yang
Definition
dualism of China is very ancient and reflects a benign, complementary conception of two ancient sacred cosmic forces or principles
Term
Zoroastrianism
Definition
the ancient religion of Persia
Term
Zarathustra
Definition
- according to Persian tradition; he was instructed by Ahura Mazda in the true religion and led to the reform of ancient Persian polytheism
Term
Ahura Mazda
Definition
The supreme deity in the Zoroastrian religion of ancient Persia
Term
Anthropomorphism-
Definition
tendency to view God in too human terms
Term
Angra Mainyu
Definition
The bad spirit of the Zoroastrian religion of ancient Persia
Term
Pantheism
Definition
the belief that all existing things are in some sense divine
Term
Monism
Definition
interchangeable with the term above
Term
Atman
Definition
is a philosophical term used within Hinduism and Vedanta to identify the soul. It is one's true self (hence generally translated into English as 'Self') beyond identification with the phenomenal reality of worldly existence
Term
Monotheism
Definition
belief in one holistic god and creator
Term
Henotheism
Definition
refers to those religions that, while recognizing the reality of many gods, but they worship and believe in the ascendancy of only one god.
Term
Cosmogony
Definition
an account of the emergence or creation of world order
Term
Jainism
Definition
a religion that began in ancient India as a protest against Hindu ritualism, goal is to free the coul from its imprisonment in karmis matter and the cycle of rebith
Term
Cosmogony
Definition
an account of the emergence or creation of world order
Term
The Anthropic principle
Definition
refers to the recognition by some physicists of the extraordinary fine-tuning observed and required to explain our natural world as we know it
Term
Creation Science-
Definition
to legally require the teaching of the biblical account of Creation as science in science courses in the public schools
Term
Angra Mainya
Definition
The bad spirit of the Zoroastrian religion of ancient Persia
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