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Religions Final Review
Review of all important terms in Religions-101
142
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
05/11/2014

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Term
Hindusim (Sanatana Darma)
Definition
the eternal way
Term
Brahman
Definition
the ultimate reality or that which is real
Term
Aom
Definition
creates sustains and dissolves everything
Term
Vedas
Definition
oldest religious text, visible blueprint of creation, beliefs rituals and philosophy of Hinduism
Term
Upanishads
Definition
Books at the end of the Vedas that contain the philosophy of the Vedas
Term
Rishis
Definition
Transmitters of divine wisdom to humanity
Term
Sanskrit
Definition
The basis for all Indo-European languages and the language that the scriptures were written and spoken in
Term
Mystic
Definition
Form the core of the worlds religions and seek a deep personal relationship with God to the point of union
Term
Trimurti
Definition
Three different archetypes of the divine being in Hinduism
Term
Brahma
Definition
The creator
Term
Vishnu
Definition
The Preserver
Term
Shiva/Kali
Definition
The Destroyer
Term
Devi
Definition
The idea of the mother side of the supreme being, divine mother
Term
Ekam Sat
Definition
One existence, translated to "God alone is real and all else is unreal (only a dream)"
Term
Sat-Chi-Ananda
Definition
the primary attribute of the supreme being, Existence-Consciousness-Bliss
Term
Maya
Definition
The grand illusion
Term
Karma
Definition
1)The Elementary idea of cause and effect
2) The lessons we need to learn
Term
Avidya Maya
Definition
Evil, Hate, Dark, Satan
Term
Vidya Maya
Definition
Good, Love, Light, Christ
Term
Four Ways Back to God
Definition
Yoga
Term
Yoga
Definition
Union with God
Term
Karma Yoga
Definition
Union with God through right action
Term
Jnana Yoga
Definition
Yoga of intellectual discrimination
Term
Bhakti Yoga
Definition
Yoga of devotion
Term
Raja Yoga
Definition
The science of meditation, says God can be found in the central nervous system of every person
Term
Kundalini
Definition
the serpent force, tempts adam and eve
Term
Guru
Definition
spiritual teacher
Term
Sadhu Hari Das
Definition
Buried alive and survived
Term
Paramahansa Yogananda
Definition
could speed up and slow down heartbeat
Term
Sat Gurus
Definition
divine incarnation
Term
Krishna
Definition
gives the sermon Bhagavad Gita (the song of God, essence of Santana darma) to his disciple Arjuna, the new testament of Hinduism
Term
Darshan
Definition
The sight of a saint
Term
Two Divine places Indians believe are holy
Definition
1) GANGES (GANGA) RIVER
2)BANARES (VARANSI, KASHI): OLDEST CONTINUALLY INHABITED CITY IN WORLD
Term
Ashram
Definition
hindu monastery or reteat
Term
Namaste
Definition
traditional indian greeting
Term
Gandhi
Definition
Freed india from britian using Christian teachings
Term
Swami
Definition
someone who renounces the world and throws all desires away
Term
Sadhu
Definition
watering holy men
Term
Kumba Mela
Definition
largest gathering of humans on earth
Term
Gayatri Mantra
Definition
most sacred phrase of the vedas
Term
Buddhism
Definition
The backdoor to the devine
Term
Buddha
Definition
The awakened one
Term
Anthromorphic Diety
Definition
God in man like form, Buddhists do not believe in this type of God
Term
Buddha's real name
Definition
Siddhartha Sautama
Term
Buddha's name after enlightenment
Definition
Shakyamuni Tathogata
Term
Ascetic
Definition
someone who intensely renounces the world and all its pleasures
Term
Middle Way
Definition
Buddha believed there needed to be a balance between hedonism and ascetic
Term
Mara
Definition
Buddhism version of satan, mara tempts Buddha and tries to stop him from becoming enlightened
Term
Nirvana
Definition
the term for enlightenment, for no eternal ego soul, awakening, extinguishing of separate existence
Term
Mirth
Definition
uncontrollable joy
Term
Where Buddha achieved enlightenment
Definition
Bodh Gaya India
Term
Buddhas first sermon
Definition
The four noble truths
Term
Four noble truths
Definition
1) Life is suffering
2) Cause of suffering is craving or desire
3)The end of craving will bring an end to suffering
4)This end is achieved through the noble eight fold path
Term
Noble Eight Fold Path
Definition
1)Right views
2)Right Intent
3)Right speech
4)Right conduct
5)Right livelihood
6)Right effort
7)Right mindfulness
8)Right Concentration
Term
Real vs. ideal
Definition
master teachings not necessarily what followers do
Term
Thich Nhah hanh
Definition
most famous Buddhist teacher alive
Term
The two branches of Buddhism
Definition
1) Theravada
2) Mahayana
Term
Theravada
Definition
The way of the elders, the smaller branch of Buddhism, take a much more literal interpretation of Buddha's teachings, main religion of southeast asia
Term
Arhat
Definition
perfect disciple, best you can work for
Term
Mahayana
Definition
The greater vehicle or the greater raft, they take a much more liberal view of Buddha's teachings, larger in size
Term
Dharmakaya
Definition
Body of being
Term
Karuna
Definition
Love
Term
Bodhi
Definition
Intelligence
Term
Bodhi Sattua
Definition
ideal being in Mahayana Buddhism, refers to a being that is a savior
Term
Lama
Definition
religious leader of tibet
Term
Zen Rinzai
Definition
Japanese branch of Buddhism that uses Koans, or unanswerable riddles, to practice faith
Term
Koans
Definition
Unanswerable riddles meant to derail mind from usual grasping
Term
Zoroastrianism
Definition
A religion founded by Zarathustra that has 250,000 followers
Term
Zarathustra
Definition
founder of Zoroastrianism
Term
Ahura Mazda
Definition
What the followers of Zoroastrianism call God
Term
Where did Zarathustra come from
Definition
Iran
Term
The two sides of Ahura Mazda
Definition
1) Spenta Mainyu (The good reality)
2) Angru Mainyu (evil bad reality)
Term
The element that followers of Zoroastrianism worship as a symbol of the devine
Definition
fire
Term
Filial Piety
Definition
The reverence for your parents and elders
Term
Mithras
Definition
son of God or sun
Term
Yeshua
Definition
Jesus
Term
Jain
Definition
Religion founded by mahavira who came from india, has 3 million followers today
Term
Ahimsa
Definition
extreme form of non injury to life
Term
Sikh
Definition
religion founded by Guru Nanak who came from India, religion is a fusion of Islam and Hinduism, 5th largest religion
Term
Mosque
Definition
muslim house of worship
Term
Martial
Definition
militaristic
Term
khalsa
Definition
Belonging only to the devine, the special forces of Sikh Faith, extreme adherents
Term
The last name that all Sikh men have
Definition
Singh
Term
The last name that all Sikh women have
Definition
Kaur
Term
Gurdwaras
Definition
churches of the sikhs
Term
Central focus of the Chinese religion
Definition
the search for harmony
Term
Buddhism serves what aspect of the Chinese religion
Definition
serves spiritual aspect/function
Term
Daoism serves what aspect of the Chinese religion
Definition
psycho physical or the mind and body aspect
Term
Confucianism serves what aspect of the Chinese religion
Definition
social aspect
Term
Daoism
Definition
The goal of life is Wu Wei, or going with the flow of the dao
Term
Dao
Definition
Daoisms word for God
Term
Wu Wei
Definition
Going with the flow of the dao
Term
The founder of daoism
Definition
Lao Tzu
Term
Tao Te Ching
Definition
The bible of daoism
Term
Abraham
Definition
The first patriarch of the Jewish people
Term
Hebrew
Definition
language of the bible
Term
Moses
Definition
the most important person in Jewish history, the lawgiver of Torah
Term
Yom Kippur
Definition
most important Jewish holiday, day of repentance and atonement
Term
Diaspora
Definition
the dispersion of Jewish people from palestine
Term
Usury
Definition
the charging of interest on a loan which God forbids
Term
Synagogue
Definition
Jewish house of worship
Term
Zionism
Definition
the movement that Jews should have the right to return to palestine
Term
Israel
Definition
The state of the Jewish people
Term
Torah
Definition
first five books of the bible
Term
Talmud
Definition
multivolume compilation of the Mishnah and Gemara
Term
Shema
Definition
1) God is one
2) Love God
Term
Kosher
Definition
foods cooked to Jewish dietary standards
Term
Reform
Definition
largest Jewish group in america
Term
Sabbath
Definition
Day of rest, lasts from Friday at sundown till Saturday at sundown
Term
Bar mitzvah
Definition
coming of age for a Jewish boy when he reaches age 13, taught to read Hebrew and speak it
Term
Passover
Definition
day that celebrates freedom from Egypt and the covenant of the law
Term
Rosh Hoshannah
Definition
Jewish new year
Term
Anti Semetism
Definition
Dislike or hate for Jewish people
Term
The language spoken by Jewish people when they came to America that is largely dead now
Definition
Yiddish
Term
Two Beliefs of Early Christian rarely followed today
Definition
1) Pacifism and non-violence
2) spiritual communism or sharing the wealth
Term
Gnostics
Definition
the early mystics of the church and according to the Catholic Church the first heretics
Term
Simon Peter
Definition
The first pope
Term
Holy Eucharist
Definition
Breaking the bread drinking the wine and partaking in it
Term
How the Roman catholic church splintered
Definition
1) Eastern Half broke off and formed eastern orthodox church
2) roman Catholicism remained in the western half
3) protestants broke off from roman Catholicism
Term
the year the split of the catholic church occured
Definition
1054
Term
Al Qaran
Definition
Islams holy book, written by God directly
Term
Founder of Hinduism
Definition
noone
Term
Pure Land Buddhism
Definition
Chants Amida Bhutsu
Term
Which are the male and female parts of the Yin Yang
Definition
Yin = female and Yang = male
Term
who do Islam, Judaism, and Christianity all regard as their founder?
Definition
Abraham
Term
What do all indian religons believe in
Definition
karma and reincarnation
Term
what do Buddhists not accept
Definition
the idea of a soul or anthromorphic deity
Term
Idea of satan, angels, heaven, hell, and demons came from what religon
Definition
zoroastrianism
Term
all indian religons don't accept what
Definition
the caste system
Term
What is the hindu people bible
Definition
vedas
Term
Brahman
Definition
the ultime devine being
Term
goal of buddhism
Definition
Nirvana
Term
what does the word Buddha mean
Definition
awake
Term
Wicca or witchcraft worships what
Definition
the mother godess
Term
Zakat
Definition
charity, 2.5% of income to charity
Term
Shahada
Definition
Islamic affirmation of faith
Term
what century did islam emerge
Definition
600s century
Term
Shariah
Definition
muslim law
Term
Shema
Definition
love God with all thy heart and soul and mind
Term
what is the largest branch of christianity
Definition
roman catholics
Term
Oldest of the gospels
Definition
mark
Term
Lent
Definition
being penient 40 days before easter
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