Term
| Who is the latter prophet that Carr wants us to remember best |
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Definition
-Isaiah is the most important
-Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Book of the Twelve (Hosea to Malachi) |
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Term
| How is Cyrus Described in Isaiah? |
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Definition
his anointed one, whose right hand he will empower. Before him, mighty kings will be paralyzed with fear. Their fortress gates will be opened, never again to shut against him.
-Main Point: God used an unlikely, foreign hero to do it (and he foretold of this hundreds of years prior) – telling me that even when there seems like there’s no answer, God can use unlikely situations or people to carry out His rescue. |
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Term
| What is the significance of the name "minor prophets"? |
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Definition
| They were shorter in length. |
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Term
| What political and social policies revolve around the Biblical Prophecy |
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Definition
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Term
| Who are some modern examples of minor prophets? |
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Definition
| Ghandi, Martin Luther King |
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Term
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Definition
| 'to call' at its most basic level: prophet is one then who is called out. |
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Term
| What was the main role of a prophet? |
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Definition
| The basic functio of a biblical prophecy was to analyze political policies and social conditions in light of YHWHs demands of justice loyalty and faith in himl. |
|
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Term
| what were the dates of Hosea's birth and death? |
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Definition
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Term
| Theodicy In Habakkuk 1:14? |
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Definition
14 You have made people like the fish in the sea,
like the sea creatures that have no ruler. |
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Term
| Most prophets resist the call of God, but which prophet flees from God? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the central theme of Jonah's story? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are some facts to remember about the Writings? |
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Definition
The Writings
1. Reach the last of the Three divisions of the Hebrew Bible
2. Reflects a diversity of voices from “Second Temple Period”
3. Reveals a theology of a community in the mode of reflection
Product of postexilic Judaism
Wrestling with their theological past
Contains a variety (diversity) of materials |
|
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Term
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Definition
| A comprehensive term used in reference to the distinctive wisdom literature and wisdom outlook of Israelite, Mesopotamian, and Egyptian cultures; suggests a perspective on understanding the world dominated by the use of reason, a search for order, and teaching moral behavior |
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Term
| What does Proverbs affirm? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Bandstra who is The Satan? |
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Definition
| The "adversary." It doesnt have a capitcal "s" because it's a title, not a name. It is a member of the divine council. NOT the same Satan that we see in the New testament |
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Term
| What is retribution theology? |
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Definition
| It maintains that God uncompromisingly and unfailinly punishes the wicked for their evil deeds and rewards the righteous with long life and prosperity. |
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Term
| 1. In the “God the Warrior” article what is the scandal? (40) |
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Definition
| The picture of God as warrior forms the real skandalon of the Old Testament for modern man, including the Christian. As Christians we have trouble with imagery and with the actual holy wars of the Israelites in which the enemy was supposed to be subjected to wholesale slaughter at the command of God. |
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Term
| What does it mean to way the history of Israel is not supra-historical or supra-natural? |
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Definition
| The history is not outside of history or nature. Israel did not live in some sort of vacuum. Rather, it was wrought out within this world as we know it and within a particular time span. |
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Term
| What is the fundamental fact of faith that lies at the center of Israel’s institution of holy war? |
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Definition
| The rule and sovereignty of God. |
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Term
| How does holy war demonstrate the universal character of God’s sovereignty? (45) |
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Definition
| By virtue of His victories over other nations, God’s rule was at least nominally extended far beyond the confines of Israel. This universal aspect was later expanded when God uses the nations in holy war against a disobedient Israel and in the Day of Yahweh. |
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Term
Canaanites, Cowboys and Indians
1. Who does the author of this article identify with? Why? |
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Definition
| The Canaanites. They were native to the promise land much like how the Native Americans already lived in America. Both stories are usually not told from their prospective. |
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Term
| What kind of theology does Warrior criticize? |
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Definition
| Theologies that use the Exodus motif as their basis for political action. |
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Term
| In his conclusion, what does warrior think should first be done? |
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Definition
| First, the Canaanites should be at the center of Christian theological reflection and political action. |
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Term
| to Warrior what problem is caused by the idea of America understood as a “chosen people”? (see the conclusion). |
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Definition
| America’s self-image as a “chosen people” has provided a rhetoric to mystify domination. |
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Term
| According to Long and recent archaeological excavations, how is Baal depicted on the stone relief? How does Elijah’s theophany (1 Kings 19:11-14) relate to this depiction of Baal? |
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Definition
| Baal is depicted on the stone relief by standing above the mountains with a club in his right hand and and a lance in the other, “The texts picture a storm God who rides the clouds and controls the seasons, by providing rain, which enables the fertility of both land and animal.” Elijah’s theophany, according to the article, relating to the depiction of Baal is “ When Baal speaks, his voice of thunder shakes the earth; the mountains rumble. |
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Term
| In this article what happens to Baal when he encounters death? Who saves Baal? |
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Definition
| Baal is confined to the underworld in defeat. The goddesses Anat and Shapsh rescue Baal from his fate and restore him to his throne, a figure of new life returning with the rain. |
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Term
| What mistaken judgment does Elijah—this great hero of faith—make about himself (1 Kings 19:10, 14, 18)? What does he learn from Yahweh? |
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Definition
| Elijah made the mistaken judgement and told God, “I have been very zealous for Yahweh, God of Hosts….I alone am left, and they are seeking my life”. He learns from Yahweh that he is not the only one but there are seven thousand more people reserved by Yahweh in Israel. |
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Term
| What do we learn about the Israelite view of God/Hebrew Bible from Elijah’s story (think about the title and the subject of the article)? |
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Definition
| Lord is seen as someone who is more gifted. “God does not always thunder”. He often works in a calm, quiet voice, in the lives of men and women who are faithful. |
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Term
| Which Prophet was most known for universalism? |
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Definition
| The Hebrew prophets were known most for their universalism yet they had striking remarks about the particularist role of Israel as a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. |
|
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Term
| prophets conservative or radical? |
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Definition
| Prophets are neither conservative nor liberal. |
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Term
| What is the relationship between the Prophets and the spirit of Pentateuchal? |
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Definition
| Not only the personal ritual, but also the intense nationalism of the prophets does not dispense with the basic spirit of the Pentateuchal religion. |
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Term
| What is the relationship between the prophets and realism? |
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Definition
| ) Neither conservative nor liberal, neither primitive nor sophisticated, at once particularistic and universalist, the prophets understood the value of traditional Divinely-enunciated bases for fashionable ideals. In other words, they were realists. |
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Term
| What is the book of Deuteronomy’s relationship to this material? |
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Definition
| Functions as a bridge between the material in the Torah and Prophets, Joshua is part of the Deuteronomistic history which is a body of material that is an extended review of Israels history fro the conquest under Joshua through the destruction of 587 BCE |
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Term
| What motifs do we see being repeated in Joshua? |
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Definition
| Mass circumcisions, Passover, Vision, parting the water |
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Term
| Who helps them into the land? |
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Definition
| Rahab = the prostitute who assisted the Israelite spies |
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Term
| What city do they capture first? What happens with the second small area? Why? |
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Definition
Jericho
Israelites lost the battle of Ai because Achan stole property |
|
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Term
| What is Holy War: the parts of Holy War? |
|
Definition
War authorized by God and led by him
God is the Warrior, war is viewed as sacred, God’s will and activity raises questions and theodicy |
|
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Term
| Be familiar with the Cycle of the Judges (be able to write out the parts) |
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Definition
a. Apostasy
b. Oppression
c. Repentance
d. Deliverance
e. Peace
Cycle:
1. Sin- Israel turns from YHWH (apostacy-abandoning their religion)
2. Punishment- an enemy oppresses Israel
3. Repentance- Israel cries for help
4. Deliverance- YHWH sends a Judge to deliver Israel (peace) |
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Term
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Definition
| Military leaders and clan chieftains |
|
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Term
| How is the beginning of Samuel connected to the end of Judges? What issue arises? (Hint) see power point and the last verse in judges. |
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Definition
Samuel is Israel’s last judge
• Moral condition of the nation had deteriorated; chaotic; people only did what was right in their eyes—suggests a need for a faithful king who would lead the people back to their God (where Samuel picks up) |
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Term
| Are there any queens during this time or women Judges? |
|
Definition
Deborah= woman judge
Athaliah (daughter of King Ahab of Israel) |
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Term
| Which Judge had his cut? What are some features of other judges we covered in class? |
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Definition
Samson had his hair cut by Delilah
• Deborah- “woman of fire”; confidant
• Gideon- anything but a mighty warrior; slow to recognize and respond to God’s call
• Samson-shadow of what a judge should be; brash, bold, powerful but naïve and vulnerable at same time; supposed to be in a state or condition called the Nazirite vow (devoted exclusively to YHWH from birth), but did not honor that; drawn to Philistine women, Delilah in particular who cuts his hair; more successful in death than life |
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Term
| Which Judge needed proof to believe God would support him? |
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Definition
| Gideon needed proof; proposed test of the wet sheepskin (if he laid it out overnight and it became wet, while surrounding ground remained dry, it would mean victory—still needed more proof and asked for just the opposite; YHWH made both happen) |
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Term
| Israel’s desire for a King? Why do they want a King? |
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Definition
| After the chaos of the Judges era, Israel craved and needed strong direction; people were inclined to have a king because present political circumstances something more than the previously mandated divine rule: a strong/unifying human king. |
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Term
| Saul’s Rise and Fall: What does Saul do that causes his fall? |
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Definition
• Fell prey to the temptations of power
• Disobeyed Samuel by offering a sacrifice at Michmash (which was Samuel’s priestly duty alone)
• Took spoils of war and spared Agag (Amalekite king)—Samuel becomes furious and won’t have anything to do with Saul
• Saul broke holy war rules
• Begins to listen to the people rather than God
• Samuel removes Saul’s divine endorsement |
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Term
| David’s Rise to Power: What does David do to solidify his kingdom? |
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Definition
• Anger about soldier finishing off Saul—mourns Saul’s and Jonathan’s deaths (political saavy)
• Did nothing that might serve to alienate the loyal followers of Saul (virtually entire entity of northern Israel)
• Mourns Abner’s death (commander of Saul’s army) and does not condone his right-hand man Joab’s killing of Abner (sensitive to feelings of Saul’s loyalists)
• Has traitors who kill Ishbaal killed (not condoning violence done to house of Saul) |
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Term
| Davidic Covenant: What is it? What kind of theology emerges because of the Davidic covenant? |
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Definition
• YHWH’s promise to build a house for David (meaning a perpetual dynasty)
• YHWH pledged his enduring support for the line of David
• That there will be a divinely sponsored king over Israel forever—ushered in a time of shalom remembered as the golden age of Israel
• Royal Theology- view that God made a covenant with David that his family will stay in power |
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Term
| David and Bathsheba: Who are the major characters in the story of David and Bathsheba? |
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Definition
• David, Bathsheba, Uriah (her husband), prophet Nathan (who exposes David’s guilt and delivers judgment that David’s own sins would be duplicated within his own family, but even worse), baby of Bathsheba (who dies as punishment)
• Also, sons Amnon and Absalom who fulfill Nathan’s prophecy—Amnon raping sister Tamar, Absalom killing Amnon, then taking over Jerusalem from David for a while (having sex with David’s wives on public rooftops) |
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Term
| Solomon’s Wisdom and Downfall? What signals to everyone that Solomon should be king? |
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Definition
-Solomon’s wisdom was recognized when he effectively made Jerusalem the religious capital of Israel by building the temple there.
-God went to Solomon and offered him anything he wanted—money, power, political security, longevity, etc. Instead of any of these things, Solomon asked for wisdom. God then gave him more than just wisdom; he gave him riches and power. His wisdom was what signaled to everyone that he should become king. His downfall occurred because of his excesses—too much public debt and too many wives (Bandstra 262). |
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Term
| Where are some of the inclusive dimensions in Solomon’s story? |
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Definition
| Solomon prays for foreigners as much as his own people. |
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Term
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Definition
| “Beautiful young woman” assigned to be David’s female companion “to keep him warm at night” in his frail old age; his concubine; Adonijah tries to marry her after David’s death in order to gain the throne |
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Term
| The Divided Kingdom: Rehoboam and Jeroboam: Who is Solomon’s son? Who implements idolatrous features? Etc., etc. |
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Definition
-People become dissatisfied with Solomon’s rule because of cession of land in the north, high state taxation, and use of Israelites forced labor
-Rehoboam=Solomon’s son
-Jeroboam implements idolatrous features (golden calves at shrines in Israel’s worship centers at Dan and Bethel—punished by premature death of his son Abijah |
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Term
| What does it mean to walk in the way of Jeroboam |
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Definition
| Jeroboam is evil in the Lords sight. To walk in the way of Jeroboam is to act in evil ways. |
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Term
| Which kingdom is in the North/South |
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Definition
-North kept the name “Israel”—comprised of ten tribes
- Southern became “Judah”—Schechem was capital |
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Term
| Which nation is known for warfare (its military prowess and its God of war) |
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Definition
| The Assyrians, (Assur = Their god of war) |
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Term
| Which nation took Israel into Exile? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which King came up against Hezekiah? |
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Definition
| The Assyrians and their king Sennacherib |
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Term
| Who is the first King to initiate idolatrous worship after Solomon’s death? |
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Definition
| - Manasseh provoked God more then any other king, Worst king in Israel’s history |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Which nation is connected to Nebuchadnezzar |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which nation is connected to Cyrus? |
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Definition
| King of Persia - Called a Shepard amd messiah |
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Term
| What are the dates for the exile? |
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Definition
| 587 B.C. for Judah in the South |
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Term
| Who delivers the nation from exile? |
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Definition
| Isaiah (Need to Double Check) |
|
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Term
| What is the date that Israel in the North and Judah in South were Exiled (see Bandstra for this) |
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Definition
| 721 BC for Israel in the North. 586 BC for Judah in the South |
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Term
| . Here you want to remember things like who is Elijah’s successor? - |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is Elijah's major nemesis? Who is King during this time? |
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Definition
| Jezabel and Baal (King Ahab) |
|
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Term
| What is the background that gives insight into Elijah’s story? What is the name of the religion which forms the background for Elijah’s story? |
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Definition
| The story of Elijah revolves around him dualing with the prophets of Baal. |
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Term
| Hezekiah: What happened while he was King? |
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Definition
| He fell ill and prayed to Yahweh for help. He was one of the best kings of Judah. Isaiah delivered a sign from Yahweh that he would recover and that Jerusalem would be delivered from the threat of the Assyrians.
HEZERKIAH=EMMANUEL (IDEAL RULER) |
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Term
| What did Hezekiah do when He faced trouble? |
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Definition
| When he faced trouble, and was surrounded by Sennacherib, he immediately went to God for help. He took the Assyrian letter demanding surrender into the Jerusalem temple, laid it out before Yahweh and prayed for help. |
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Term
| Who was the King that came up against him? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What happened in the battle? (See Isaiah or 2ndKings 18-19) |
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Definition
| Senacherrib demanded that Hezekiah give him all his gold and silver. So Hezekiah did. He gave all of it to Assyria. Rabshakeh tries to deceive Hezekiah’ people and get them to turn on him and God but the people didn’t say a word. Hezekiah heard and came to the house of Jehovah. Hezekiah received the letter from the Assyrians and spread it out in front of Jehovah. Isaiah interpets what God is saying and pretty much says God is completely supporting them and will cast the Assyrians out and dry up all the rivers of Egypt. . God promises them that the Assyrians will not enter the land, that they will return, that Senacherrib will fall by his own sword, in order to protect the city for God’s sake and for his servant David’s sake. |
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Term
| Isaiah
1. Isaiah 1; 6ff. Remember his emphasis on the majesty/transcendence of God Isa. Ch. 1; 6; 40; 45 |
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Definition
| Book of Isaiah means don’t bring God down to your level- God is supreme. Cliché- Familiarity breeds contempt- More familiarity makes it less of a big deal |
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Term
| Who is Cyrus? How is he described? (see corresponding pages in Bandstra and class notes). |
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Definition
| He is the King of Persia. The Persian ruler who let the Israelites go back to their land. Cyrus is described as Messiah- that is, Annointed one, to refer to him in order to indicate the divine initiative behind his mission. |
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Term
| Who is Immanuel in the immediate context? Who is Immanuel according to Christian Tradition? |
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Definition
| Immanuel is Hezekiah. According to Christian tradition it could be Christ |
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Term
| Which King is Isaiah telling to remain faithful? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| In Isaiah’s call, how is God portrayed? Is there any emphasis on the immanence of God? |
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Definition
| Portrayed as a King. King of Zion died. Portrayed as a King. Isaiah says he has seen God which shows the Immanence of God. So yes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Someone who analyzes political policies and social conditions in light of YHWH’s demands of justice, loyalty, and friendship. |
|
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Term
| What is the difference between a minor and major prophet? |
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Definition
| Major prophets go from Joshua to 2 Kings. Minor Prophets are 12 short prophetic books in the latter prophets. |
|
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Term
| Can you distinguish a minor from a major if I put them on the exam? |
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Definition
| Minor prophets are Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, and Book of 12 and Major prophets are everything else. |
|
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Term
| Why are they called minor prophets? |
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Definition
| Because they are shorter in length. |
|
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Term
| Who first person to call the Book of the Twelve the Minor Prophets? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are modern day analogies of prophets (Bandstra 195) |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which minor prophet deals with theodicy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which minor prophet uses his family life as an example? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can you distinguish the prophets from one another by the questions I ask above? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Writings (Ketuvim): The Writings (Hagiography)
1. How are these books different? |
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Definition
| They are both the third major division of the Hebrew Bible, but hagigographa is the term applied to this division by the Christians. |
|
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Term
| Why can they be considered more universalistic? |
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Definition
| - It contains a variety of materials including songs, prayers, moral maxims, philosophical investigations, short stories, worship liturgies, and histories. |
|
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Term
| What stance are these writers taking with regard to the past? (Hint: see powerpoint and Bandstra) |
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Definition
| Some material draw upon Israel’s early history. |
|
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Term
| What kinds of materials are in this section of the Bible (Tanak) |
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Definition
| Wrestling with their theological past, material is much more diverse, last of 3 divisions of the Bible, and community in the mode of reflection. |
|
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Term
| What kind of theology does Proverbs affirm? Where does this theology come from? |
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Definition
• Retribution theology
• Comes from Deuteronomistic and wisdom literature |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| • Discipline of applying truth to ones life in light of experience |
|
|
Term
| How are proverbs connected to fear of God |
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Definition
• A fundamental theme of Proverbs is that the fear of YHMH is the beginning of knowledge and wisdom
• Here, fear does not mean terror or fright but refers to deep awe and reverence for God that one must have to live properly |
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Term
| Retribution theology: How is Job related to retribution theology? (see Bandstra) |
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Definition
• Retribution theology maintains that God unfailingly punishes the wicked for their evil deeds and rewards the righteous with long life and prosperity
• This book ponders the nature of the moral order of the universe examining the man Job
• 4 of Job’s friends are good examples:
o Eliphaz “no one is ever completely sinless; everyone can expect at least a little suffering in life”
o Bildad-claims that Job’s children must have been notable sinners to be treated so brutally by God
o Zophar-claims that Job must be a sinner and suffering for his own sin and that Job should honestly face his sin and ask God for mercy
o Elihu-suffering is the way that Elohim communicates with human beings to tell us that we are sinners and sinning is an offense |
|
|
Term
| What theme—which we have covered in several places since the beginning of the class—is Job addressing? |
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Definition
• Theophany-God appears in a storm
• Theodicy-trust
3. Who is the Satan figure in the book of Job? (see Bandstra)
• A member of the Divine Council who challenges God and challenges the moral basis of human’s relationships with YHWH
4. What does the fact that Job doesn’t get an answer for his suffering say to Retribution Theology?
• Job becomes a model of one who trusts in YHWH even though he fails to comprehend why he is suffering
• Says that retribution theology has a trust aspect |
|
|
Term
| What are some facts about Amos |
|
Definition
Shepherd
Not a professional prophet
Strange Voice |
|
|
Term
| What is a key lesson in Hosea? |
|
Definition
| God's Love... family is also used as an illustration |
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