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several deities exist, one is the most important |
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Zen Buddhism, "sitting meditation" |
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spirits are found in everything |
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several deities arrange in a hierarchy |
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personal deities or deity who intervenes in the world |
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impersonal deity who does not actively intervene in the world |
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everything is deity, (Hinduism)(Body of God) |
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deity is in everything (god is in everything) |
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don't know if deities exist |
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combination of partial approaches (descriptive, functionalist) |
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to bind closely together, to tie back |
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something done with over-anxious attention |
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creator god (Hinduism), oldest of Trimurti |
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everything, supreme universal spirit |
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top castes, Brahmins, warrior nobles, farmers merchants and artisans |
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(Brahma) goddess of educations and arts, a muse |
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(Vishnu) every time Vishnu appears in a story, Lakshmi does too. Goddess of fortune, good luck & wealth, Queen |
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(Shiva) similar to Aphrodite or Venus, goddess of erotic love, Kali is alter ego in extreme form |
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The preserver, takes on various incarnations or avatars, Rama and Krishna are most popular |
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the destroyer, master or yoga |
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unconditional devotion to the god(desse)s |
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"Triple Form" Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva |
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(Vishnu) rescued Sita with help of Hanuman, and killed the demon Ravana, Sita is Lakshmi |
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(Vishnu) told epic poem Bhagavad-Gita to the warrior Arjuna |
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used in worship of Shiva, phallic symbol of Shiva (lingam) and vulva of Parvati (yoni) |
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(Parvati) helps Shiva destroy, the birth giver: Kali gives birth to everything |
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true self, spiritual essence |
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illusion, created by Brahman |
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actions and their consequences |
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cycle of rebirth, reincarnation |
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liberation or release from cycle of Samsara can be attained through various paths or Margas: Karma, Bhakti, Jnana |
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individual piece of your own soul |
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an attempted explanation of the ultimate meaning of life, based on a a notion of the transcendent, and how to live accordingly. Normally contains 4 C's: creed, code, cult, community |
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understanding of the structure, shape and design of the universe |
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debate about it being "the" indigenous religion of Japan |
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sun goddess or spirit, from the left eye of Izanagi |
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all kami descended from original couple, Izanami: female who invites, Izanagi: male who invites |
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The Chronicles of Japan, 2nd oldest book of classical Japanese history |
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Chronicle of Ancient Events, oldest chronicle of Japan |
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energies that animate nature, spirits |
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student, householder, forest dweller, world renouncer (Sannyasin), first three historically required, last is not |
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world renouncer, casteless |
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The Old Man, The Sick Man, The Dead Man, The Holy Man |
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historically began Buddhism, aka Shakyamuni |
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oldest, most conservative Jains |
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other main sect of Jainism, less conservative |
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sticky substance, like tar or glue, sticks to Jiva, all karma is undesirable |
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"Ford-finder" a human being who achieves moksha through asceticism and who then becomes a role-model and teacher for those seeking spiritual guidance. |
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"founder" of Jainism, means great hero, aka Nataputta Vardhamana, 24th Tirthankara |
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"victor" achieved state of supreme being, conquered inner enemies |
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aka Mahavira, founder of Jainism |
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supramundane realm of the soul, liberated souls with no karma bondings |
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purity, literally "existence, reality" |
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being on the verge of becoming a Buddha, chose to delay becoming a Buddha in order to lead all other living beings into Buddhahood |
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"to blow out" state of being free from suffering |
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correct view, correct intentions, correct speech, correct discipline, correct livelihood, correct effort, correct mindfulness, correct concentration/absorption |
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"three baskets" term to describe various Buddhist scriptures, Basket of Discipline - rules of conduct, Basket of Discourses - sermons of the Buddha, Basket of Higher Teaching - scholarly interpretations |
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all of the Buddha's doctrinal ideas and practices (aka the ultimate reality of life) includes 4 truths for the spiritually noble |
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Four Truths for the Spiritually Noble |
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1. All of life is suffering, 2. Desire is the cause of suffering, 3. To end suffering a person must end desire, 4. the eight fold path must be followed |
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community of monks and nuns |
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pouring liquid as an offering to a god or spirit |
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oldest and most traditional type of Buddhism, bases ideas mostly on Tripitaka, way to enlightenment through meditation and detachment, Arhat |
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one who is worthy, only one Arhat alive at any time, Theravada |
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means "big vehicle" umbrella term for dozens of other schools that are not strict followers of Theravada |
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means "diamond vehicle" main type of Buddhism found in Tibet, extremely ritualistic |
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simple form of Buddhism, for normal everyday people, only need to say phrase for salvation |
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to foresee, attempt to gain insight into a question or situation |
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"the way and its power" attributed to Lao Tzu but probably numerous authors |
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Taoism tracked back to Lao Tzu, "Old Master" |
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"effortlessness" "actionless action" |
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a favorable supernatural entity (Hinduism), maintainers of the realms as ordained by Trimurti, often warring with Asuras |
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"force" exercise and breathing, Western Yoga |
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"knowledge" the way of contemplation, usually followed by ascetics, main techniques known as yoga |
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sound, syllable, word, or group of words that is considered capable of "creating transformation" |
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Vedas originally given to "Seers" or "Hearers" |
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fundamental part of history of Zen Buddhism, Story, dialogue, questions, or statement |
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stories that enshrine religions and social ideas expressed through the activities of the divine, human or animal figures |
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appearnce or manifestation of Hindu gods |
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sacred/mystical syllable in Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism |
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king of the demi-gods or devas, Lord of Heaven, God of War, Storms, and Rainfall |
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power seeking deities, sometimes considered sinful, opposed to Devas |
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Appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette. |
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from the epic poem "Mahabharata" caste system based on it and other things |
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"fire" begins when meditating to burn away karma |
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a Japanese word that indicates the violation of legal, social or religious rules |
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Existing and operating within nature. |
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Not limited by the physical world. |
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An attempt to influence the outcome of an event through an action that has apparent similarity to the desired result — for example, throwing water into the air to produce rain, or burning an enemy's fingernail clippings to bring sickness to that enemy. |
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Offerings and ritual in honor of deity. |
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K'ung Fu-tzu, Confucius is westernized name, Confucius traced back to him, ultimately concerned with government didn't care much for religion |
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Father-son, Older brother-younger brother, husband-wife, elder-younger, Emperor-subject |
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Three major religious orientations |
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sacramental - ritual, prophetic - preaching, morality, mystical - union with divine |
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paths to achieve Moksha, end cycle of rebirth |
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all beings without exception are capable of attaining enlightenment |
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attempts to summarize concisely the most important aspect of a religion that is perceptible by the senses (attempts to be empirical) |
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very little or nothing written down, stories passed orally |
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