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4 arguments for Gods existence |
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1. Cosmological
2. Argument from design
3. Moral Argument
4. Pascal's wager |
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Why is there something and not nothing?
Universe is ruled by laws of cause and effect, so you need a cause 1st - has to be one because logically there cant be an infinite regression. 2nd God stands as the final purpose and end of human life (Telos) |
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Universe is extremely complex, intelligent, design, purpose, therefore reasonable to assume something equally as intelligent and purposeful created it. |
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Walking along you find an intricate watch, you would assume that someone intelligent and purposeful made it. |
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criticisms of design argument |
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how to account for chaos, or things that are unreasonable, purpose-less.
David Hume- the universe seems awfully cruel and impersonal. |
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Morality is in all cultures, this sense of right and wrong (conscience) must have been planted in humans by an ultimate law giver |
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criticisms of moral argument |
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Where does evil come from?
Morality is beneficial for the preservation of the human species.
Moral values are culturally and historically determined, they fluctuate. |
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recall a wager is betting w/ the unsure.
Know its uncertain but believes in the risk, only proven if you try.
Meaning and purpose of god will only become clear and evident after one begins to live a life w/ love and compassion.
Knowledge of god will only occur after the act of living a loving life. |
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misconceptions of Pascal's wager |
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Definition
it is better to wage there is a god and be proven wrong then it is to wage there is no god and be wrong.
A self serving idea, not very christian |
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Love is at the heart of religions and love grounds as the fundamental structure of the universe.
My heart is open to all religions, people of the world, and most importantly love. |
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Emptiness (ultimate reality:non personal) |
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doctrine of expedient means.
All teachings and doctrines are believed to be meaningless unless they are cultivated and developed in the course of one's life. |
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doctrine of no-self; its an illusion to believe in, and independent self. We are all radically dependent and inter connected with each other.
Criticism of the illusion of separateness |
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Definition
1. Life is suffering
2. The causes of suffering
3. Suffering can be ended : Hope
4. Path to Nirvana or Enlightenment |
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Life is suffering - Buddhism |
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Definition
-physical, emotional, and spiritual
-all human achievements are threatened by a feeling of emptiness and meaningless |
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Causes of Suffering - Buddhism |
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Definition
Ignorance- lack of understanding abou the world and life plus lack of self understanding ... ignorance leads to fear, anger, hate, violence suffering (the slippery slope...Buddhism is a challenge to overcome these things- overcome fear)
Misdirected Desires- Jealousy, greed, envy, anger, sloth ,gluttony, lust |
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Suffering can be ended: Hope - Buddhism |
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Definition
Nirvana: liberation from the cycle of rebirth. A state of perfect peace, bliss, serenity, love. Similar to the idea of heaven. |
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Path to Nirvana or Enlightenment - Buddhism |
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Definition
-Ethical and moral discipline - Nirvana cannot be achieved without developing your capacity for compassion and goodness.
-Intellectual and spirtual discipline, Meditation, prayer, study
-Breakthrough, INtuitive in Nature, insight into the nature of reality as an immediate apprehension not based on reason or logic alone |
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Brahman - the creator
Vishnu - has many different Avatars, including Krishna
Shiva - creator and destroyer |
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creator and destroyer, 4 arms and dancing
1. outstretched hand, be not afraid, peace
2. drum of creation
3. Fire of destruction, of evil
4. take refuge in his mercy pointing to feet |
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manifestation of a God ex. krishna of vishnu |
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Gods with attributes, polytheism, God has many different faces, images, persons |
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God without attributes, monotheism, god is beyond al attributes and manifestations |
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inherent tolerance in Hinduism |
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Beyond both polytheism and monotheism, it has features of both. Different ways of speaking of the divine, saguna and nirguna. Rig veda... truth is one, the wise call it by many different names |
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Krishna and the Milk maids |
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The moment when one of the milkmaids thinks she is dancing alone with Krishna, Krishna disappears...the implication is that when one thinks that god is only with them and you alone, thats when you loose god |
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God is neither this nor that...
You cannot name god, or describe him |
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What cannot be said about the divine
you can only say what god is not, its not possible to describe what he is |
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1. Siddhartha Gautama
2. Tathagata (thus gone one)
3.Kakyamuni (sage of the sakya people) |
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Diana Eck - What she learned? |
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Revelation that christianity does not have a monopoly of wisdom, love, and truth.
In India met people who had examples of love, compassion, forgiveness, etc.
Started the study of religion and being in love - requires a sort of commitment |
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4 reasons for suffering in Vedanta |
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Definition
1. Ignorance
2. Clinging to what is impermanent
3. Egocentrism
4. Fear |
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Term
Ignorance 1 of 4 Vendanta suffering |
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Definition
Not know the true nature of reality. People that are ignorant in any way will suffer in many different ways, in not knowing the true nature of reality and not know their true selves. |
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Clinging to what is impermanent |
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ex. money, power, material possessions |
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Egocentrism 3 of 4 Vedanta |
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Definition
all the religions believe that egocentrism is an obstacle to salvation, enlightenment, et.c
This is completely the opposite of how religion wants people to live |
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anger, fear, ignorance ... dark side, suffering, hatred, violence, etc.
People that are indifferent are often viewed as a threat
The fear of death, to become wise is to overcome fear of death |
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Comes from a movement by the African american and latin american communities, if you are oppressed you have a deeper connection with religion, from this deep connection made their won...re-thinking the idea of God from non-euro cultural perspective. This did not imply a rejection of european ideas of God, only an expansion of those ideas; a more inclusive idea. |
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4 paths to wisdom in Vedanta |
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Definition
1. Raja Yoga
2. Bhakti Yoga
3. Jnana Yoga
4. Karma Yoga |
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Raja Yoga 1 of 4 vedanta wisdom |
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Definition
Meditation and spirtual exercises
If you want to achieve wisdom, you have to develop your spirit and soul, become more soulful, not just more intelligent |
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2 of 4 Bhakti Yoga vedanta wisdom |
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the practice of love, Unless you are loving, you will not achieve wisdom, without love you can have no wisdom |
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3 of 4 Jnana Yoga Vedanta wisdom |
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Intellectual, philosophical approaches, intellectual exercises, the studying and reading of the religious traditions |
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4 of 4 Karma Yoga Vedanta wisdom |
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Definition
the view that god is present everywhere, in all of the universe.
leads to the idea that god is in the animals, earth, trees, rivers, etc.
the importance of vegetarianism and humane treatment of animals, vegetables and animlas are gods creatures too |
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The tao that can be named is not the Tao
tao - the way
ther is wisdom and truth in all the religions |
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one who delays nirvana to help others achieve enlightenment |
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Vimalakirtri Sutra - Emptiness |
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Definition
Q- What is empty
All constructions about emptiness are empty (images, ideas, symbols, concepts, emotions)
further of the theme of Neti
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