Term
| The sage/creator of Daoism was... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The three Chinese religions are... |
|
Definition
-confucianism
-daoism
-buddhist |
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Term
| Daoist thought is: in order for people to be ________, they must be in ________ with the universe. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Name the two sorts of Daoism. |
|
Definition
-philosophical (Daojia)
-religious (Daojiao) |
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Term
| What Daoist symbol represents harmony, balance of opposing forces, and can be used to reference Chinese medicine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Laozi (Tao Tzu) means what in Chinese? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote the Dao De Jing? |
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Definition
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Term
| The main textbook of Daoism; Dao De Jing, means what in Chinese? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Confucianism concentrates on honoring ancestors and heroes of the past. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are three practices the Ancestor Cult perform? |
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Definition
-funerals
-mourning
-sacrifice |
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Term
| Where do Confucian sacrifices take place? Give an example of offerings that are made during this event. |
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Definition
| It takes place in clan temples and domestic shrines. Offerings of water, paper, or incense are made. |
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Term
| The Mandate of Heaven states that government/spiritual leaders ______ the right to rule and if the individual fails in performing their duties, they ______ that privelage. |
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Definition
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Term
| Confucius was a minor ________ official who hoped to advise rulers on how best to govern, but he ______ without accomplishing this goal. However, his students spread his _______ and would become the most important force in organization within Chinese _______. |
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Definition
| government, died; teaching, society |
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Term
| The Confucian Project consists of what three aspects? |
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Definition
-study/education
-self-cultivation
-world harmony |
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Term
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Definition
| When an individual makes sacrifices for the betterment of family or society. |
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Term
| List the three stories regarding filial behavior. |
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Definition
-Wu Meng attracting masquitos to drink his blood to protect his father
-Wang Xiang laid down on the ice to get carp for his step-mother
-Yu Qianlou tasted his father's stool because he wanted to find out what ailment his father had |
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Term
| Filial Piety (______) has three bonds; ______ & subjects, parents & _______, and _______ & wife. |
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Definition
| xiao, ruler, children, husband |
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Term
| True or False: The book of Analects always says, "Confucius said." |
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Definition
| False: The book never said this. |
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Term
| What are four ideologies Confucianism stresses? |
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Definition
-revere the past & sages of the past
-respect tradition
-persevere & learn from the past
-study classic literature |
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Term
| The Five Classics of Confucius thought are... |
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Definition
-The Book of Poetry
-The Book of History
-The Book of Changes (I Ching)
-The Book of Rites
-The Spring & Autumn Chronicles
-The Book of Music (lost in ancient times) |
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Term
| The Four Books (_____) were compiled during the ______ Dynasty; The Great ________, The ________, The _______, and The _______ of the Mean. |
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Definition
| sishu, Song, Learning, Analects, Mencius, Doctorine |
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Term
| The Five Constant Virtues of Confucianism are... |
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Definition
-humaneness (ren/jen): love all people
-duty/righteousness (yi): personal loyalty and justice
-ritual/propriety (li)
-humane wisdom (zhi)
-faithfulness (xin)
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Term
| Marks of the Gentleman (____), according to Confucius, are; _______ behavior which benefits people, commands _______ because he himself acts reverently, full compliance with ______, is kind, generous, and _________ when dealing with others, and has enthusiasm for ________. |
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Definition
| junzi, virtuous, respect, ritual, forbearing, learning |
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Term
| Name one ritual/action that represents propriety (li) in Confucianism? |
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Definition
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Term
| What symbol represents the Shinto religion? |
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Definition
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Term
| Shinto literall means what in Japanese? |
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Definition
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Term
| People who practice the Shinto religion stress the importance of living in harmony with... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The indigenous religion of Japan is... |
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Definition
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Term
| The term "kamikaze" means... |
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Definition
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Term
| Between the ___th & ___the centuries, traditions were imported from ______ & ______; making up the Shinto religion of today. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Why did the Japanese capitol used to move after the death of each emperor? |
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Definition
| Death is considered "polluting" in the Japanese religion. |
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Term
| The first permanent capitol of Japan was... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two oldest Japanese literatures. |
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Definition
-The Kojiki (Record of Ancient Matters)
-The Nihongi (The Chronicles of Japan) |
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Term
| What two Japanese deities are thought to have created the 8 islands of Japan and other gods? |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ is the Shinto sun goddess whose shrine is the Grand Shrine of _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the grandson of the sun goddess who was sent to rule Japan and is considered to be the first human emperor? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What three symbols were used by Emperor Jimmu of Japan? |
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Definition
-mirror
-sword
-string of jewels |
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Term
| A Kami can be anything _________, a natural ________, ________ spirits, or even ________/national heroes. |
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Definition
| extraordinary, phenomena, ancestral, cultural |
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Term
| The god of rice in the Shinto religion is... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| True or False: Kami are believed to dwell and receive offerings in shrines. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What objects are kami usually represented by? |
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Definition
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Term
| To visit a Shinto shrine, one must, enter through the _______, _______ themselves, go to the ______ of a kami, and make an _______. |
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Definition
| torii, purify, shrine, offering |
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Term
| What are the five types of Shinto? |
|
Definition
-shrine
-domestic
-folk
-imperial
-state |
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Term
| Typically, people who practice Shinto worship ancestors at a _______ shrine. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| The idea that one God who is almighty and the creator made humans in His image, so they are charged to live a life of morality and justice. |
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Term
| Jewish people were landless ________ who established a homeland in _______ with its capitol as _______. They also have a mixed _______ ancestry. |
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Definition
| Hebrews, Caanan, Jerusalem; semitic |
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Term
| True or False: The Hebrew Bible was orally transmitted first, but then started to be written down on scrolls. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| List the three sections of the Hebrew Bible. |
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Definition
-Torah (teaching)
-Nev'im (prophets)
-Ketuvim (other writings) |
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Term
| The entire Hebrew Bible is called the... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Torah consists of five books/scrolls called the... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Pentateuch has five chapters and they are... |
|
Definition
-genesis
-exodus
-leviticus
-numbers
-deuteronomy |
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Term
| Former prophets of the Hebrew faith were described in a history of the _______ kingdom. |
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Definition
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Term
| Later prophets were described in a _______ and visionary tone. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give two examples of books within the Nev'im. |
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Definition
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Term
| Other Writings (Ketuvim) have ______ stories, proverbs, ______ to hymns, poetry, and ________ on life. Examples of these books are ______ & _______. |
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Definition
| short, lyrics, reflections; psalms, proverbs |
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Term
| Who is the first Hebrew patriarch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Abraham's wife's name is ______ & his maid is known as _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Abraham's son with Sarah was named... |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Abraham's son with Hagar is called... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of Abraham's grandson who "wrestles with God," has two wives & cocubines, and settles in Caanan- seeding 12 tribes? |
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Definition
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Term
| Jacob's son ______ was sold as a slave to Egypt, becomes a government _______, and invites the Hebrews to stay in _______ Eastern Egypt. |
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Definition
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Term
| What Jewish holiday celebrates the last plague in Egypt during the time of Moses not effecting the Hewbrew slaves? |
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Definition
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Term
| Exodus involves the parting of the _____ Sea, ____ years of migration, Moses' vision of God on Mount _____, and the production of the _____ Commandments. |
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Definition
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Term
| Upon the Hebrew's return to Caanan, who was the first king? |
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Definition
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Term
| This man rose to power after his father's death (Saul) and took over Jebus; making it the capitol, and then creates building plans for the First Temple. |
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Definition
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Term
| It was David's son _______ who completed building the First Temple. |
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Definition
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Term
| During the year _____ B.C.E, Israel became occupied by ________. It was the nation of _______ under the rule of ________ III who takes over Jerusalem and destroys the ______ Temple, and then forced the Jews into _______. |
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Definition
| 721, Assyria; Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar, First, exile |
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Term
| So as to keep their traditions alive during Babylonian captivity, the Jews started to _______ on the Sabbath and write down their ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ under the control of ________ the Great took over Babylon and allowed the Jews to return to their homeland. It was shortly after this when they built the _______ Temple. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Jews believe in what six things? |
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Definition
-the revelation
-one god
-the covenant
-the law
-messiah will come
-good will be resurrected |
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Term
| What four practices do Jewish people illustrate? |
|
Definition
-male circumcision
-the sabbath
-holy days; rosh hashanah, yom kippur, passover, hanukkah
-daily prayer |
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Term
| True or False: Greeks started to practice circumcision after becoming Christian. |
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Definition
| False: After Greeks began to join Christianity, other people of this new faith ceased this custom because it wasn't originally something they did. |
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Term
| Rosh Hashanah in Judaism is the Jewish... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Yom Kippur celebrates a day of _______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Kosher incoorporates no ______ or ______, a seperation of _______ & ______, and removing all _____ from meat. |
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Definition
| pork, shellfish, meat, dairy, blood |
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Term
| Name the two branches of Judaism. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Orthodox Jews have two different services, seperateing men and women. |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Loaning out money and charging interest. |
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Term
| During the holocaust (____), extermination (____) took place where ____ million individuals total were killed; ____ million of which had been Jews. |
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Definition
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Term
| Zionist Movement involved the _______ of Israel in the year _____, but ______ and neighboring Arab states rejected this idea. |
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Definition
| creation, 1948, Palestinians |
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Term
| What does the term "Islam" mean in Arabic? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of a respected caravan leader who was born in Mecca and founded the Islam religion? |
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Definition
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Term
| A former pagan site known as _______ has a cube-shaped building known as the ______, which has a ______ inside it. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Muhammad married a 40 year-old widow while he was in his 20's. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Nearly ____% of the world's population is Muslim (___ billion people), with the largest population in Saudia Arabia. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| At what age did Muhammad start having visions from God? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The "_____ Journey" to Jerusalem and heaven is said to have been when Muhammad met ____ & His prophets. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Muhammad had been well received by the elite of Mecca. |
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Definition
| False: He was persecuted. |
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Term
| The Flight (____) and Return to Mecca incoorporated leaving the city for ______ to escape persecution, defeating the ______ of Mecca, and destroying the _____ around the Kabah. |
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Definition
| hijra, Medina, pagans, idols |
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Term
| Muhammad's Final Teaching was the "_____ of the Prophets," which claims he was the _____ prophet in the Qu'ran. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the only authorized language of the Qu'ran? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Qu'ran was not _______ by Muhammad, but compiled by his _______. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| religious struggle is called... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Five Pillars of Islam are... |
|
Definition
-creed
-charity
-prayer
-fasting
-pilgrimage |
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|
Term
| The Muslim Creed says there is only ____ God and his prophet _______. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The Pilgrimage to Mecca is known as ______ for Muslims. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Followers of Islam were originally forced to give ____% of their yearly income as charity (______), but now donations are largely voluntary. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ramadan takes place in the ______ month of the lunar calendar, which is the month ______ started having visions from God. During this time, people obstain from all ______, drink, or pleasures from _______ to _______ all month. |
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Definition
| ninth, Muhammad; food, sunrise, sundown |
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Term
| List the two elements of a Muslim's pilgrimage to Mecca. |
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Definition
-everybody wears a white "robe of Abraham"
-recollection and reenactment of events dealing with Abraham revolving around the "Binding of Ishmael" |
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Term
| The Caliphate is the ______ of Islam, dividing into sects. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The ______ State was lead by Muhammad's successors; _______ Baker & Ali (Muhammad's son-in-law). Baker was leader of the ______s and Ali had lead the ______s. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Which sect of Islam believes there is a struggle to bring the world under one God? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The _______s beleive political and relgious authorities are seperated, there is religious authoity within communities (______) that follow tradition (_______), and are prayer leaders are called ______. |
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Definition
| Sunni, ulama, sunnah, imam |
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Term
| True or False: Shia's believe the Imam refers to bringing everybody under one God. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Saudia Arabia are mostly ______ whereas Iran are mostly _______, but ______ is led by a _______ minority. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The mystic sect of Islam is called... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What are four possible explanations as to how new religious movements emerge? |
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Definition
-divisions emerge from an older religion
-older religion moves to a new culture and is changed
-two or more religions blend
-individual begins a new religion as the result of a revelation |
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Term
| Sects are connected to an ______ religion, has ______ membership & a _____ structure, and there is ______ control over its fellowship. |
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Definition
| established, large, loose, mild |
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Term
| Cults emerge ______, have a _____ following, socially ______, and usually have a _______ leader. |
|
Definition
| independently, small, isolated, charismatic |
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Term
| Contemporary Paganism is also referred to as _____-Paganism or eco-_______ and consists of ______ & druids. This type of religion stresses ______ deities, the ______, prominant roles for _____, and has a _____ calendar. |
|
Definition
| Neo, spirituality, wiccans; nature, Goddess, women, festival |
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|
Term
| What does the Wiccan Rede state? |
|
Definition
| And if it harm non, do what you will. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Whatever you do will come back three-fold. |
|
|
Term
| Scientology was founded by _____ L. Hubbard who was a science fiction author. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Scientology has no connection with Hinduism. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scientology emphasizes the notion that souls (_____) are meshed with matter and longs for ______, which comes about through _______. |
|
Definition
| thetan, moksha, knowledge |
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Term
|
Definition
| matter, energy, space, time |
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|
Term
| Scientology illustrates ______, ______, and _______. |
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Definition
| auditors, process, blockages |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disruption of flows of energy and happiness |
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Term
| Marcus Garvey founded _______ who was involved in a ______ Pride movement in Jamaica. He believed that a _____ & King will arise in Africa. |
|
Definition
| Rastafarianism, Black; redeemer |
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Term
| The "Redeemer" who Marcus Garvey discussed is believed to be the emperor of Ethiopia in 1930 known as... |
|
Definition
| Haile Selassie (a.k.a; Ras Tafari) |
|
|
Term
| Some aspects of Rastarfarianism include what three things? |
|
Definition
-ganja
-dreadlocks
-reggae |
|
|
Term
| Name a prominant Jamaican man who practiced Rastafarianism. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Compare and contrast two religious traditions we have studied. |
|
Definition
| While Confucianism and Daoism are two Chinese religions that are distinct to their country and tend to be more philosophical rather than religious per se, they both differ in the fact that Daoism stresses effortless action whereas Confucianism illustrates more of the notion to do what you can to succeed. |
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Term
Recount the life of Muhammad and describe how it relates to traditions and practices in Islam.
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Definition
| Muhammad was born and raised in Mecca, which had been a pagan city. After the Prophet and his forces defeated the pagans of Mecca, the Kabah was re-established as a building dedicated to Allah. This building is now a place of hajj, pilgrimage, for Muslims. |
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Term
| Identify a pre-Axial and an axial age religion and describe their differences. |
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Definition
| A pre-axial age religion would be Shamanism whereas an axial age faith would be Hinduism. The two major differences between these two religions is there are sacred texts in the Hindu faith as well as a place to worship unlike Shamanism. |
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Term
Name three characteristic common to most religions and discuss their presences in three different religious traditions.
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Definition
| Three characters would be; the notion of sacred, social aspects, and symbolism. In many religions, certain things are considered "sacred" like how Muslims believe the Kabah is sacred and important because it is directly linked to Muhammad; their founder of the religion. Society is also involved in religious traditions in that Hinduism stresses differences betweetn people in communities (caste system), which is mentioned in their religious texts. As for symbolism, the yin and yang represents Daoism because it illustrates balance and this notion is highly emphasized in the faith. |
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Term
Describe the features of the modern world (4) that have an impact on religion and describe the nature of that impact as well as religious responses (3) to modern conditions.
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Definition
The features that have an impact on the modern world are; religious pluralism, multiculturalism, globalization, and secularism.
-Religious Pluralism allows individuals of different religions to interact, which may combine.
-Multiculuralism spreads various faiths throughout people through knowledge of multiple cultures.
-Globalization allows people to obtain and spread beliefs through technologies.
-Secularism affects populations in that science give logical explanations to answers about the universe.
Religious Responses
-reform
-fundamentalism
-eclectic spirituality |
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|
Term
Describe different conceptions of God in the three Monotheistic traditions and identify major shifts.
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Definition
-Islam: God perceived as worthy of submission; major shifts include Sunni, Sufism, and Shia
-Judaism: God is viewed as creator, so it is necessary for people to follow His laws; major shifts include Orthodox and Reform
-Christianity: God is one in three (trinity) in regard to Father, Son (Jesus Christ), and Holy Spirit; major shifts include Protestant and Catholicism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An oral teaching explaining how to apply/interpret the Jewish scriptures and Laws. |
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