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| conservative political organization- limited monarchy and few changes |
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| Jacobin leader in the early months of 1793 |
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| radical political organization- no monarchy and sweeping changes |
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| time from mid 1793- mid 1794 were the jacobins controlled France |
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| a beheading device tat was used almost every day durring the reign of terror. |
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| one of the most prominent jacobins- friend of the people |
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| [1792] Revolution under attack |
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-Neighboring countries (Prussia & Austria)
-Opponents within France |
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-Former nobles who fled France
-went to Austria, Prussia, Spain, and Grait Britain; declared war on the revolution |
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| Lower class urbanites of france- want revenge |
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| Committee on Public Saftey |
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-Emergency government
-Set up by National Convention
-All persons suspected of counter revolutionary activity was arrested
-often arrested in the morning and beheaded in the afternoon
-Guillotine called "The National Razor" |
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| [1793-1794] Reign of Terror |
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-*Robspierre in charge*
-40,000 people executed
-including Robspierre and Danton
-by 1795 France needs a good leader |
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| Who is Napoleon Bonaparte |
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-[1769] born on the Island of Corsica
-gained recognition in a French military academy
-[1795] defended the National Convention from the royalist army
-[1796] Won many battles |
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| Dissolved Directory [1795-1799] |
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-France: Political chaos
-Power shifts to upper middle class
-new executive authority: Five man directory
-2 house legislature
-Placed Napoleon in charge of armies |
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| How Napoleon Takes Control |
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-drove the royalists out of the National Convention
-1799: Directory looses control
-Napoleon leads a coup d'etat
-established a three consul government
-Named himself first consul |
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| Napoleon Makes His Reign Legitimate |
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-Plebicite: vote of the people
-voted on a constitution that named him first consul |
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-Revision and organizatin of french law
-copied throughout europe |
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| central financial institution |
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-made more eficient
-the government collected the money |
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-Restored church
-church can't get into politics |
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-Lycees
-only male: all backgrounds* graduates appointed on merit not connections |
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-Haiti
-Toussaint L'ouverture
-lead succesfull slave uprising
-Louissiana Territory: Forced to sell to US for $15 million |
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-(1804) Napoleaon Crowned emperor
-notre Dame Cathdral location
-Napoleon crowned himself |
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Unified People and ended the depression
-added Switzerland, Austrian Netherlands, and parts of Italy |
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| 1805 Battle of Austerlitz |
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| Napoleon wins, forced Russia, Prussia, Austria to sign peace treaties, considers this to be his greatest victory |
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| Great Britain and Napoleon |
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| He was never able to defeat! |
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| Committee of Public Safety |
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| Part of the French Revolution. Job was to protect the revolution from its enemies. Formed by Robespierre/Jacobins |
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| 5 men with executive power in France. Operated poorly and were overthrown by Napoleon |
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| Overthrow of government/power using force |
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| National Bank of France, Napoleonic Code (set of laws) |
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| Slave who led the Haiti revolt |
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| Sold territory to the United States for $15 million 1803 |
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| Attempted to invade Great Britain. Napoleon was defeated |
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| Admiral in the Battle of Trafalgar, dies at the end, monument in London's Trafalgar Square |
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| prevent all trade and communication between G.B. and other countries to make Europe more self sufficient |
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| great britain's response Continental system |
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| Orders in Council, Blockade, Impressment |
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| U.S. declares war on Great Britain in response to impressment of sailors |
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| France invades Spain in an attempt to reach Portugal, blunder of Napoleon. Guerrilla warfare in Spain |
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| Blunder of Napoleon, invades France to stop smuggling of goods to great Britain. Waits too long to start retreat. Too cold/winter |
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| Burn everything as you retreat to prevent enemy from using your resources |
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| Largest and bloodiest single day in the fight to defeat Russia |
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| October 1813, allied forces defeated inexperienced army and french resistance crumbled. allies move to Paris |
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| Tzar of Russia during the Napoleonic era. left Moscow in ruins to prevent Napoleon from winning |
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| Ruler after Napoleon in France, unraveled some of the reforms |
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| Island where Napoleon was exiled to the first time after the defeat |
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| When Napoleon returns from exile in Elba and overthrows Louis XVIII. Stole ships to return. |
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| Final battle of Napoleon. Duke of Wellington (G.B.) and Prussia defeat June 18, 1815. |
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| Exiled to island off the coast of Africa so that he could not return |
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| agreement with pope pius VII established new relationship between church and state Government rejects church control of national affairs. Gains support of church and French people |
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