Term
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Definition
| response to stimulus that occurs automatically |
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Term
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Definition
| built-in unlearned response (withdraw hand from hot stove) |
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Term
| acquired (conditioned) reflexes |
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Definition
| result of practice and learning |
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Term
| reflex arc has how many components |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 5 components of a reflex arc |
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Definition
sensory receptor [detects stimulus]
sensory (afferent) pathway [sensory input travels from the receptor to integration center, sensory pathway almost always a nerve]
integration center [receive and integrate sensory input and initiate motor output]
motor (efferent) pathway [motor output travels to effector, motor pathway is either a nerve or a hormone]
effector (a muscle or gland) [produces a response] |
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Term
| what does the integration center do |
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Definition
| receives and integrates sensory input and initiates motor output |
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Term
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Definition
| motor (efferent) pathway is either a nerve or a horomone |
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Term
| reflexes are classified as _______ or _______ depending on the effector involved |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the effectors of a visceral reflex? |
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Definition
| smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands |
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Term
| visceral reflexes are important in the control of many ___________ processes in the body |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the effectors of somatic reflexes? |
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Definition
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Term
| according to the location of the integration center, reflexes will be classified as ________ or ________ spinal |
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Definition
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Term
| a stretch reflex lengthens a skeletal muscle which results in the __________ of a muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ are the receptors of stretch reflexes |
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Definition
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Term
| _____________ extends the lower leg |
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Definition
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Term
| reflexes play a major role in _____________ and can be demonstrated in every system of the body |
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Definition
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Term
| most of the reflexes that control variables of extracellular fluid (temp, glucose, ph) are ___________________ |
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Definition
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Term
| an absent or abnormal patellar reflex could mean damage where |
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Definition
spinal cord
(lumbar 2, 3 or 4) |
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Term
| when the patellar ligament is tapped, the quadriceps femurs muscle is __________ stretched |
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Definition
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Term
| Change in muscle length stimulates ______________ |
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Definition
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Term
| muscle spindle stimulation activates the _________ reflex that brings about __________ of the muscle, causing extension of the leg |
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Definition
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Term
| a latent period is the time between ____________________. |
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Definition
| application of the stimulus and the beginning of the response |
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Term
| amplitude of response for the patellar ligament reflex is measured how? |
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Definition
| distance leg traveled in degree of rotation |
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Term
| when light is shined in the eye what happens to the pupil? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do muscle spindles do? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens when muscle spindles are stretched? |
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Definition
| they create an action potential |
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Term
| action potential frequency ___________s during stretch and __________ during contraction. |
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Definition
increases during stretch
decreases during contraction |
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Term
| The pupil is simply an ____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the pupil surrounded by |
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Definition
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Term
| what makes a pupil get smaller |
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Definition
| constricts as a result of muscles in the iris constricting |
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Term
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Definition
| continuous inhibiting signals sent from the brain to motor neuron in spinal cord to dampen reflex response |
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Term
| when clapped hands pulling on other muscles, the normal patellar reflex is __________ because descending inhibition is ____________. |
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Definition
| faster reflex because descending inhibition decreased |
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