each individual element of information in a spreadsheet

Each record consists of several of these and togther they form the columns.

EX: hair color or telphone number

A set of fields in a database which uniquely identify a record.

It can be used as an identifier for certain information because it is unique for each record.

EX: Account number, customer name

In a database, the information relating to one person, product, or event.

Each record in a table represents a set of related data, and every record in the table has the same structure. Records are the rows in a database.

EX:

Jason   6ft   180lbs   18years

To look for a specific record.

This is to manually look through data for the information you are looking for. 

EX:

The user wants to see how many of customers in her database have brown hair so she manually scrolls down the hair color field to notice where the imputted information is "brown"

An informational request.

This is the exact words that are entered when the user makes a search.

EX: A user enters the word "brown" into the search box and the items retrieved back all contain this word.

To arrange records in order based on values in one or more fields.

The users can sort data multiple different ways depending on the situation, which allows for data to be found and compared more easily.

EX: A items are arranged in order of price, from the cheapest to the most expensive

A feature of a word processor or other program that enables it to merge names and addresses from a database mailing list into personalized form letters and mailings.

A mail merge makes writing a letteror sending an email easier, because rather than manually changing each individual subject to which the letter is addressed, a mail merge can be used to easily change the recipient name, address, etc.

EX: Microsoft word's mail merge feature

The intersection of a row and a column on the grid of a spreadsheet.

The information in this area related to both the row and column.

EX: Carmen's (the row) hair color (the column) is brown (the cell)

The way a cell is set up

The content (such as point size, color, bold or italic) can be changed, or the physicality of the cell (such as border thickness, background shading, color) can be changed.  

Represents a single, implicitly structured data item in a table.

Represents a set of related data.

EX: All information for one customer would take up one row in a database

A set of data values of a particular simple type

Contains information relating to a certain topic 

EX: hair color, customer name

A text entry that provides information on what a column or row represents.

A label makes it easier to read a database because it informs the user of where certain information is located.

EX: "Hair Color"

Custom-designed embedded procedure program that automates tasks in application programs.

This defined procedure gives a pattern for how a certain input sequence must be mapped as an output sequence.

EX: Windows's Macro Express

Shared information to ensure consistency between redundant resources to improve reliability

Different types do different things. Data replication is when the same data is stored on multiple storage devices, or computation replication is when the same computing task is executed many times

EX: The names of students in a class are stored in the teacher's database and the school system's database

A pre-developed page layout in electronic or paper media used to make new pages with a similar design, pattern, or style.

Makes it easier to input data because the set-up is already completed for the user.

EX: Microsoft publisher's templates for creating party invitations

A single page in a spreadsheet

Tabs at the bottom of the screen make it easy to switch between worksheets. Worksheets make it easier to seperate ideas.

EX: Page in Microsoft Excel

A feature of spreadsheet software that allows speculation by providing instant answers to hypothetical questions.

Asking "What if" questions are very useful in business when planning new projects. Cost projections for different scenarios can be quickly created and the results compared.

EX: "What if I spent this amount for a new car versus that amount, how much will the taxes be?"

 Identifies the location a cell or group of cells by using the the column letter and row number surrounded by dollar signs

It does not change when it a formula is copied and pasted to other cells.

EX: $C$4

Identifies the location of a cell or group of cells by using the column number or row number that intersect at the cell's location.

Change when copied and pasted to other cells.

EX: C4