1863: LINCOLN PLAN

AKA 10% PLAN

– FULL PARDONS TO ALL CONFEDERATES WHO TO AN OATH TO FUTURE LOYALTY

– EXCEPTION TO HIGH-RANKING CONFEDERATES

– ONCE 10% OF THE VOTERS OF 1860 TAKE AN OATH, STATES CAN REFORM THEIR GOVERNMENT.

1864: WADE-DAVIS BILL

AKA RADICAL'S OWN PLAN

– MAJORITY OF VOTING POPULATION MUST TAKE THE IRONCLAD OATH

– SOUTHERN STATES MUST RE-WRITE THEIR STATE CONSTITUTION

– STATES MUST GUARENTEE EQUALITY/NO SLAVERY TO BLACKS

– GRANTED PARDONS TO THOSE WHO PLEDGED TO FUTURE LOYALTY

– THOSE WHO TOOK OATH WOULD GET THEIR PROPERTY RETURNED

– STATES HAD TO RATIFY THE 13TH AMENDMENT

– STATES HAD TO AMEND CONSTITUTION

– STATES DID NOT HAVE TO RE-PAY DEBT

–USED HIS PLAN AS A SUGGESTION AND DIDNT FOLLOW IT

– MISSISSIPPI NEVER RATIFIED 13TH AMENDMENT

– NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA RE-PAYED DEBTS

– JOHNSON NEVER ENFORCED THE PLAN

– LIMITED THE BLACK'S ECONOMIC/SOCIAL FREEDOM

– BLACKS COULDN'T VOTE

– BLACKS + WHITES COULDN'T MARRY

– BLACKS COULDN'T BE A WITNESS IN A WHITE TRIAL

– BLACKS COULD ONLY HOLD FARMING/DOMESTIC JOBS

–HOMELESS BLACKS WERE FINED

–CREATED BY CONGRESS (SUGGESTED BY COMMITTEE OF RECONSTRUCTION)

–WOULD HELP SOUTHERNERS (BOTH BLACK AND POOR WHITES) RECOVER

– PROVIDED HELP LIKE MEDICAL CARE, LEGAL JOBS, SCHOOLING

– WAS VETOED BUT CONGRESS OVERRIDES (THIS RADICALIZED THE MODERATES)

– FEDERAL PROTECTION OF BLACKS AND THEIR CIVIL RIGHTS

– WAS VETOED AND DEEMED AND "UNCONSTITUTIONAL"

13TH AMENDMENT

14TH AMENDMENT

15TH AMENDMENT

– 13TH: ABOLISHED SLAVERY

– 14TH: DEFINED CITIZENSHIP (SPECIFICALLY BLACKS)

–THE RIGHTS OF THE CITIZENS ARE PROTECTED BY THE STATES

– EXTENDS PEOPLE'S RIGHTS WITHIN THE STATE

– 15TH: ALLOWS BLACKS TO VOTE

– JOHNSON TRIED TO SWAY VOTERS TO VOTE REPUBLICAN

– RADICALS THOUGHT HE WAS TAKING TOO MUCH POWER

– IN ORDER FOR THE PRESIDENT TO FIRE/REMOVE A CABINET MEMBER THE SENATE MUST APPROVE

– JOHNSON WANTED TO REMOVE SECRETARY OF WAR STANTON

– CONGRESS SAYS HE BROKE THE LAW AND IMPEACHED HIM

– LASTED 3 WEEKS

– NEEDED 36 VOTES TO IMPEACH BUT FEEL ONE VOTE SHORT (35/36)

– U. S. GRANT VS HORATIO SEYMOUR

– 700K BLACK VOTERS ––> MADE SOUTHERNERS ANGRY

– BLACKS ––> FOCUSED ON CIVIL/VOTING RIGHTS

– CARPETBAGGERS: NORTHERNERS WHO CAME SOUTH FOR RECONSTRUCTION ––> FOCUSED ON SOCIAL REFORM

– SCALAWAGS: ACTUAL AOUTHER REPUBLICANS ––> FOCUSED ON ECONOMIC STABILITY

1866: KU KLUX KLAN

AKA KKK

– STARTED AS A GATHERING OF CONFEDERATES

– THEIR GOAL WAS TO INTIMIDATE BLACKS FROM VOTING

– USED VIOLENCE, THREATS, MURDER, ETC

– ACTIONS OF SOUTHERNERS (IE: KKK)

– LACK OF NORTHERN "ATTENTION SPAN" ––> THEY HAD OTHER CONCERNS RATHER THAN BLACK RIGHTS, ETC.

– DEATH OF THADDIUS STEVENS ––> TOOK ENERGY OUT OF CIVIL RIGHTS

– PANIC OF 1873: CAUSED BY TWO FIRES (MAJOR ONE IN CHICAGO)

– SCANDALS AND CORRUPTION WITHIN THE GOVT.

– CREDIT MOBILERS: CREATED A PHONY RAILROAD COMPANY AND TOOK THE MONEY THAT GOVT FUNDED THEM

– SALARY GRAB: CONGRESS VOTED THEMSELVES A 50% PAYRAISE, AS WELL AS THE PRESIDENTS.

– WHISKEY FRAUD: WHISKEY COMPANIES COLLECT FAKE PAYMENTS

– MEMBERS OF NAVY/WAR/INTERIOR WERE TAKING BRIBES

ELECTION OF 1876

&

COMPROMISE OF 1877

– REPUBLICAN: RUTHERFORD B. HAYES

– DEMOCRATS: SAMUEL TILDEN

– DEMOCRATS HAD THE MOST POPULAR VOTES YET LOST

– REPUBLICANS USED THE VICTORY OF CIVIL WAR TO THEIR ADVANTAGE

– ELECTORAL COMMISSION: 15 MEMBERS OF CONGRESS HAD TO DECIDE WHO GOT THE 20 ELECTORAL VOTES

– COMPROMISE OF 1877: THE SOUTHER DEMOCRATS AGREED TO SUPPORT HAYES IF:

- FEDERAL TROOPS PULLED OUT OF THE SOUTH

- AT LEAST ONE SOUTHER CABINET MEMBER

– MORE MONEY TO SPEND ON REBUILDING IN THE SOUTH

– SEGREGATION: WAS LEGAL SEPERATION BETWEEN BLACKS AND WHITES (IE: JIM CROW LAWS)

– DE FACTO: SEGREGATION BUT NOT BY LAW (IE: NORTH)

 – DE JURE: LEGAL SEGREGATION (IE: SOUTH)

– PLESSY VS FERGUSON: RULED THAT SEGREGATION WAS "SEPERATE BUT EQUAL".

– RACISM EXISTED

POSTIVES:

– END OF SLAVERY

– 13/14/15 AMENDMENTS

– MORE SCHOOLS

– MORE BLACK POLITICAL ROLES

BETTER STATE GOVTS.

NEGATIVES:

– RACISM OF BLACKS

– RADICAL GROUPS LIKE KU KLUX KLAN

– COTTON PRICES DEFLATED