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Reconstruction
Reconstruction terms and how they either helped or hindered equality for African Americans
20
History
8th Grade
03/14/2011

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Term
Civil Rights Act of 1866
Definition
Helped
passed just before 14th Amendment and gave rights of citizenship to African Americans
Term
Black Codes
Definition
Hindered
Laws that resrticted freedom of African Americans. In SC they could only work as a farmer or servant.
Term
13th Amendment
Definition
Helped
Abolished slavery
Term
Sharecropping
Definition
Hindered
Kept freed slaves poor and working on the plantations
Term
Military Reconstruction Act
Definition
Helped
The army took charge to enforce Reconstruction
Term
14th Amendment
Definition
Helped
Gave African Americans Constitutional rights of citizenship and equal protection under the law
Term
Literacy Tests
Definition
Hindered
Used to deny suffrage to African Americans, thus decreasing their political power
Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition
Hindered
Upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation laws
Term
Enforcement Acts
Definition
Helped
Protected African American civil rights and made many KKK activities a federal crime
Term
New State Constitutions
Definition
Helped
Put an end to Confederate Constitutions that discriminated against African Americans
Term
Ku Klux Klan
Definition
Hindered
Terrorized and intimidated African Americans and those who sought to help them
Term
Jim Crow Laws
Definition
Hindered
Legalized racial segregation
Term
Poll Tax
Definition
Hindered
Used to deny suffrage to African Americans, thus decreasing their political power
Term
Freedmen's Bureau
Definition
Helped
Provided food, medicine, and schooling to both African Americans and whites
Term
Johnson's Impeachment
Definition
Helped
Broke the power of a President who was insensitive to the plight of the freedmen
Term
15th Amendment
Definition
Helped
Gave African American men the right to vote
Term
Compromise of 1877
Definition
Hindered
Military withdrew and gave Democrats back control of the South
Term
Amnesty Act of 1872
Definition
Hindered
Allowed most former Confederates to vote again
Term
African American Officeholders
Definition
Helped
Increased African American political power
Term
Johnson's Reconstruction
Definition
Hindered
Favored return of southern white power over equal rights for African Americans
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