Term
|
Definition
| Removes halogen and replaces it with a lithium |
|
|
Term
1) CH3MgBr
2) NH4Cl (aqueous) |
|
Definition
| Reduces aldehyde/ketone to alcohol |
|
|
Term
1) B2H6 (or BH3 and THF)
2) NaOH, H2O2, H2O
|
|
Definition
Breaks alkene and adds alcohol to where alkene was
(Hydroboration/Oxidation) |
|
|
Term
H2
Metal Catalyst (Pd, Pt, Ni) |
|
Definition
Reduces carbonyl to alcohol
Reduces alkenes to alkanes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wilkinson Catalyst
Reduces least sterically hindered alkene |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Selectively reduces Aldehydes and Ketones
Does NOT reduces esters or carboxyllic acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduces aldehydes, ketones, esters, and carboxylic acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks alkene forming a diol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks alkene (can break open ring structure) creating carboxyllic acids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks ring turning diol into di-aldehyde |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deprotonates thiol creating negatively charged sulfur ion
Hydrates aldehydes and ketones creating diol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Substitutes thiol in place of halogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Na2Cr2O7
or
K2Cr2O7
in H2SO4 |
|
Definition
Oxidizes primary alcohol to carboxyllic acid
Oxidizes secondary alcohol to ketone
Does not react with tertiary alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Oxidizes primary alcohol to form an aldehyde
Oxidizes secondary alcohol to form a ketone
Does not react with tertiary alcohol |
|
|
Term
DMSO, Oxalyl Chloride
Et2N or Et3N
(Swern Reagents) |
|
Definition
Oxidizes primary alchol to make an aldehyde
Oxidizes secondary alcohol to make a ketone
Does NOT react with tertiary alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Adds peroxide (OOH) to ethers
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Creates ether out of two primary alcohols |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Turns primary alcohol into ether
Acid protonates the ketone creating a carbocation that is attacked by the oxygen of the alcohol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
I2 Breaks double bond creating the atom ring structure
Alcohol breaks one bond adding to carbon trans to the Iodine
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks ether to form alcohol and alkyl halide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks cyclic ether creating hydrocarbon chain with terminal alcohol and halogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sulfur breaks epoxide ring and adds to the least substituted carbon that was part of epoxide ring |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Breaks epoxide ring creating alcohol and methyl group
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks alkene creating two aldehydes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Breaks alkene creating two ketones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hydrates aldehydes and ketones creating cyanohydrin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Creates hemi-acetal then acetal |
|
|
Term
CH3NH2
H3O, HCl (or BF3 Et2O) |
|
Definition
| Creates Imine from ketones and aldehydes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Turns aldehyde into enamine
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
