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sentence with dative and accusitive Maria buyes her friend a dog. |
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| Maria kauft ihrem Freund ein Hund. |
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endings for dative case (masculine, neuter, feminine, plural) accusitive singular masc. (Student) |
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-em, -em, -er, -en (no plural ein form) den (den Studenten) |
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Questions with who, whom, and whom wer, wen, wem |
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wer = nominative case like: "Wer arbeitet heute?" Who's working tonight? wen = accusitive case like: "Wen triffst du heute Abend?" = Whom are you meeting tonight? wem = dative case like: "Wem leihst du das Zelt" = To whom are you lending the tent? |
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conjugating werden "What do you want to be (become)?" "Natalie wants to be (become) a physician." |
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ich werde du wirst Sie werden er/sie/es wird wir werden ihr werdet Sie/sie werden Was willst du werden? Natalie will Ärztin werden. |
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| expressing location (3 prepositions and 3 the's) |
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in... auf... an... ...dem/einem ...der/einer ...den in+dem = im an+dem = am |
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auf = on (a surface) and public buildings in = referring to enclosed spaces like in the city or in the supermarket an = at (like a border or limiting area) ie at my desk or at the window |
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| dative personal pronouns like so and so bought ME |
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mir dir masc/neut ihm fem ihr Ihnen uns euch plural ihnen Ihnen |
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behind next to over, above under in front of between |
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hinter neben über unter vor zwischen |
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| N-declension nouns for accus. and dative cases |
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add -n or -en to the following: - masc. nouns of foreign origin (Patient, Turist, etc.)
- Masc. nouns of nationality ending in -e
- Masc. nouns ending in -e (der Kollege, Kunde, Junge, Neffe, Name, Gedanke, Wille, Glaube)
- Plus (der Bauer, Herr, Mensch, Nachbar, Herz)
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