Term
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Definition
A. A locally aggressive rare odontogenic tumor (1% of all oral tumors)
B. Well defined unilocular or multilocular (scalloped) radiolucent lesion
C. Soap bubble appearance
D. 80% are found in the posterior regions of the mandible
E. Causes lingual and buccal expansion,tooth displacement and mobility, “knife-edge” external resorption of root apicies, thinning of the cortical plate |
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Term
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Definition
A. Examples - incisive canal cyst - a developmental cyst occurring at the midline in the incisive foramen area. (also called nasopalatine duct cyst)
B. Teeth may be moved laterally due to pressure of the cystic lesion
C. On periapical radiograph, this lesion may appear as a "heart shaped" radiolucency
D. Example: Dentigerous cyst: surrounds crown of unerupted teeth. |
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Term
| Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis (CFSO) |
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Definition
A. A reactive bony lesion usually, but not always, seen apical to teeth having deep carious lesions
B. A radiopaque lesion which may have irregular borders
C. Sometimes referred to as "condensing osteitis"
1. Condensing osteitis is a radiographic term only, not a diagnosis)
2. Teeth may/may not be vital
3. Either well defined or ill defined borders
4. Treatment is usually not indicated, other than treating the cause of the CFSO |
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Term
| Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (CDSO) or florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) |
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Definition
A. Lesion(s) have similar appearance to CFSO except these lesions are located in multiple quadrants of the jaws
B. These lesions are frequently seen in older (age 50+) patients
C. Most frequently seen in black female patients
D. Lesions are frequently seen in edentulous sites (don't confuse with pcd)
E. Lesions may or may not be expansile
F. Frequently, these lesions may have a radiolucent "halo,” peripheral to the radiopaque central masses |
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Term
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Definition
A. A type of follicular cyst
B. A cyst located surrounding the crown of an unerupted tooth (most commonly the unerupted third molars - also maxillary canines)
C. Well defined unilocular radiolucent capsule associated with the crown of and unerupted tooth that is larger than the normal developing follicle
D. Normal follicle space measures 2-4 mm follicular enlargement >5mm suspicious of cyst formation.
E. Growth may cause tooth displacement |
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Term
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Definition
| Results from a localized change in normal bone metabolism that results in the replacement of cancellous bone by fibrous tissue. Fibrous dysplasia most commonly is ill-defined, with a gradual blending of normal trabecular bone into an abnormal trabecular pattern which exhibits a radiographic “ground glass” or “orange peel” appearance; particularly in the mandible. |
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Term
| Infection and malignancies |
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Definition
A. Although totally different diseases, the radiographic appearance of severe infection and many malignant conditions is often similar in radiographic appearance. Look for changes in PDL space and lamina dura. Malignant lesions cause irregular widening of PDL space which extends up the side of the root.
B. Ill-defined borders with no visible cortex.
C. Extremely important to correlate with clinical exam (e.g. paresthesia, pain, loss of function etc.) Metastatic disease is a poor prognosis. |
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Term
| Malignant Lesions of the Jaws |
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Definition
A. Common clinical signs and symptoms that suggest that a lesion may be malignant: displace teeth, rapid tooth mobility, foul smell, ulceration, exposure of underlying bone, lack of normal healing and pain.
B. Mestatic tumors are more common in the mandible.
C. Radiographic features: ill-defined invasive margins, no cortication, radiolucent in most instances, except metastatic prostate and breast cancer which produce abnormal internal sclerotic osseous radiopaque bone as thin straight spicules of bone that has a “hair on end” or “sunburst appearance”.
D. Destructive and destroys bone so that teeth appear to be floating in space. |
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Term
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Definition
a. A cyst located lateral to a tooth especially the mandibular canine and premolar region
b. A PDLO lesion (periodontal ligament origin)
c. Oval or round unilocular radiolucent lesion, with well defined corticated margin (usually has a cortex surrounding the lesion)
d. Located midway between the cervical and apical region of the root
e. Resorption of the adjacent lamina dura may be evident
f. Size: generally 1/2 cm or less |
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Term
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Definition
a. Radiopaque (density of enamel); odontogenic entities
b. Common in the anterior maxilla (62%)
c. May resemble a cluster of small teeth (“denticles”)
d. Radiolucent periodontal ligament space surrounding lesion (radiolucent capsule) |
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Term
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Definition
a. A densely radiopaque amorphous lesion with no internal structures
b. Most common site is mandibular molar region
c. Generally larger than compound type
d. Radiolucent capsule surrounding the lesion |
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Term
| Pseudocyst (mucous retention cyst) of the maxillary sinus |
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Definition
a. A retention phenomenon of mucous glands associated with the lining of the maxillary sinus
b. Cause unknown, possibly associated with trauma from tooth extraction
c. Asymptomatic
d. Usually requires no treatment, may disappear spontaneously
e. Radiographic findings: well defined, dome shaped radiopacity in maxillary sinus.
f. No cortication. |
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Term
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Definition
a. A condition where the normal processes of bone resorption and deposition
become uncoordinated. Granular-looking bone containing scattered
islands of dense or fluffy-looking “cotton wool” bone particularly near the
root apicies
b. Hypercemennerupted supernumerary and permanent of root apicies.
c. Expansion of alveolar bone and the teeth separate as the jaw enlarges. |
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Term
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Definition
a. Usually appear as a single lesion.
b. Multiple osteomas are associated with Gardner’s syndrome, a hereditary condition characterized by multiple unerupted supernumerary and permanent teeth and polyps of the colon that undergo malignant change. |
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Term
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Definition
a. Most metastic malignancies are radiolucent.
b. Prostate and breast carcinoma may stimulate bone formation and appear as radiopaque lesions in the jaws “sunburst effect”.
c. Metastases can present in several ways: multiple small lytic areas have a “moth-eaten” appearance; large ill-defined radiolucency and loss of lamina dura “floating teeth” appearance. |
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Term
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Definition
a. Developmental odontogenic cyst
b. Posterior mandible (common site)
c. Round or ovoid unilocular, or in large lesions multilocular
d. Well-corticated margins
e. Displace roots and unerupted teeth |
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Term
| What are examples of a focal opacity? |
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Definition
| Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia (PCD), Condensing Osteitis |
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Term
| What are examples of a target lesion? |
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Definition
| complex odontoma, Benign Cementoblastoma |
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Term
| Examples of a soft tissue lesion |
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Definition
| siaolith and calcified lymph node |
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Term
| Examples of Multifocal confluent (multiple radiopacities that overlap or flow together) |
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Definition
| Florid osseous Dysplasia and benign fibro-osseous disorders |
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Term
| Irregular, ill-defined Opacity (poorly defined radiopaque pattern) |
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Definition
| osteosarcoma, malignant and metastatic (cancers) such as carcinoma and sarcoma |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of lesions that appear as sunray spicules and floating teeth |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of conditions that cause cotton wool effect |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of conditions that cause hair on end |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of condition that causes SPICULATED BONE and FLOATING TOOTH |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of condition that causes Ground glass or orange peel appearance |
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Definition
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Term
| Desribe multiocular lesion |
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Definition
| Well defined, coritcated, expansile, typically displace buccal and lingual plates |
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Term
| Descriptors for RL lesions |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three possible results of trauma |
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Definition
| Intrusion, Extrusion, Avulsion |
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Term
| Name two types of luxation |
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Definition
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Term
| T o F Internal resorption often occurs on reimplanted teeth |
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Definition
| False! External resorption often associated with reimplanted teeth, abnormal mechanical forces, trauma, chronic inflammation, tumors and cysts, impacted teeth, or idiopathic causes |
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Term
| What are examples of precipitation factors for internal resorption? |
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Definition
| pulp capping and trauma. Asymptomatic- endo therapy |
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Term
| T or F Pulpal sclerosis is the calcification and expansion of the pulp cavity |
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Definition
| False Pulpal sclerosis is the calcification and REDUCTION of the pulp cavity |
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Term
| T or F Pulpal obliteration may stimulate the production of secondary dentin |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F Jaw fractures occur most commonly in the maxilla. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F The radiographic features of periapical inflammatory lesions vary depending on the duration time of the lesion. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the differences between acute and chronic periodontal abcesses? |
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Definition
Acute: barely visible of radiograph (small break in laminda dura is the only sign)
Chronic: circular radiolucency around the root apicies - eventually turn into a granuloma |
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Term
| Name the three types of odontogenic cysts |
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Definition
| dentigerous, periapical and residual |
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Term
| T or F Non odontogenic cysts arise from epithelium. |
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Definition
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Term
| T or F Incisive cysts are a type of odontogenic cyst. |
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Definition
| False- Non odontogenic remember incisive cysts occur in the incisive canal and do not originate from a tooth. |
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Term
| where are dense bony islands most commonly located? |
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Definition
| localized growths of compact bone that develop within the cancellous bone...more common in the mandible most often in the premolar-molar area. |
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