Term
Remnant radiation refers to which of the following?
a. scattered rays that leave the patient and reach the grid
b. secondary rays that leave the patient and are deflected away from the grid
c. primary rays that leave the patient and reach the grid
d. both a and c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The higher the kVp the more ___ radiation is produced.
a. compton's
b. classical
c. characteristic
d. photoelectric |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When using an air gap technique, which of the following usually is NOT needed?
a. the screens
b. the collimator
c. the added filtration
d. the grid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Secondary radiation to the film will have which effect?
a. it grays the film
b. it makes the image cleaner
c. it reduces film density
d. it creates a graying image |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A 1200 screen speed system will usually demonstrate which appearance?
a. the imaging will be sharper
b. the film will demonstrate image blurring
c. the film will be grainy
d. the film will be fogged |
|
Definition
| b. the film will demonstrate image blurring |
|
|
Term
An arbitrary number of 100 speed screen is referred to as
a. par
b. high
c. super high
d. boggie |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Having a thicker phosphor layer in your screens will have which effect?
a. produce a lighter image
b. produce a clearer image
c. make the screen slower
d. make the screen faster |
|
Definition
| d. make the screen faster |
|
|
Term
The use of a grid has which main effect on the patient?
a. it increases x-ray exposure to the patient
b. it reduces patient motion
c. it reduces x-ray exposure to your patient
d. it more evenly disburses the patients soft tissue.
d. |
|
Definition
| a. It increases x-ray exposure to the patient |
|
|
Term
Which effect does using a reciprocating grid have that a stationary grid doesn't?
a. a. it blurs out grid lines
b. it is best used with very fast screens
c. it requires a greater grid frequency
d. its strips better match the x-ray divergence |
|
Definition
| a. it blurs out grid lines |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of recumbent over upright filming of the lumbar spine?
a. it stabilizes the patient
b. it levels the patient's abdomen
c. it usually produces better quality images
d. it generally uses more exposure |
|
Definition
| d. it generally uses more exposure |
|
|
Term
Determine the outcome of a film if the tube distance is reduced from 72" FFD to 40" FFD with the mAs and kV constant
a. the 40" film will be lighter
b. the 40" film will be darker
c. the density of the films will be the same
d. the 72" film will have a longer scale of contrast |
|
Definition
| b. the 40" film will be darker |
|
|
Term
In a chiropractic office, which of the following would you think is the most common cause of grid cut-off?
a. the grid being installed backward
b. the tube angled horizontally
c. the central ray not centered to the grid
d. off centering of the patient |
|
Definition
| c. the central ray not centered to the grid |
|
|
Term
Which of the following effects will too fast of a film screen combination have on the radiograph?
a. it will have a very short scale of contrast
b. it will require greater patient exposure
c. it will show lack of penetration
d. it will demonstrate a graininess |
|
Definition
| d. it will demonstrate a graininess |
|
|
Term
If you took a 14" x 17" film of a patient's body part (let's say lumbars) and then for some reason you wanted to take an 8" x 10" film of the same area with the central ray, kV, and mA the same and both collimated to film size. What would you expect the outcome would be?
a. the 8" x 10" would be darker than the 14" x 17"
b. the 8" x 10" would be lighter than the 14" x 17"
c. the 8" x 10" and 14" x 17" would appear to be the same
d. the 8" x 10" would demonstrate motion and the 14" x 17" would not |
|
Definition
| b. the 8" x 10" would be lighter than the 14" x 17" |
|
|
Term
How will dirt on the intensifying screen appear on the expo film?
a. white branching streaks
b. black branching streaks
c. white specks
d. black specks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
About how often should you clean your screens?
a. two weeks
b. six weeks
c. one month
d. three months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the name for the usual test for film screen contact?
a. wire mesh test
b. penny test
c. light leak test
d. static electricity test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is NOT a standard film size in spinal radiography?
a. 8" x 10"
b. 10" x 12"
c. 8" x 36"
d. 14" x 17" |
|
Definition
c. 8" x 36"
standard film size in spinal x-rays: 8" x 10"
10" x 12"
14" x 17" |
|
|
Term
The preferred focused grid range for spinal radiography is
a. 36" to 40"
b. 40" to 72"
c. 46" to 60"
d. 72" to 84" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which patient structure absorbs the most x-rays?
a. Psoas Muscle
b. Bowel Gas
c. Perirenal Fat
d. Femur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following best describes back scatter?
a. secondary that is absorbed
b. scatter that is directed toward the tube
c. secondary that reaches the film
d. scatter that misses the film |
|
Definition
| b. scatter that is directed toward the tube |
|
|
Term
Picture this: you bought used equipment and accessories from a retiring doctor. After you look at the first set of films from what you purchased, you see a bunch of small, white dots on the film. What would you check first?
a. the grid
b. the grid cabinet
c. the screen for dirt
d. the cassette for light leaks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In general radiology which makes up the majority of the x-ray beam?
a. bremsstrahlung radiation
b. comprons radiation
c. characteristic radiation
d. classical radiation |
|
Definition
| a. bremsstrahlung radiation |
|
|
Term
the term "remnant radiation" refers to which of the following?
a. x-rays that are projected back toward the tube
b. x-rays that are deflected away from the film by the patient
c. x-rays that pass through the patient to the film
d. x-rays that are absorbed by the patient |
|
Definition
| c. x-rays that pass through the patient to the film |
|
|
Term
Contrast between structures of different densities is termed
a. differential absorption
b. conversion efficiency
c. spectral matching
d. after glow |
|
Definition
| a. differential absorption |
|
|
Term
Deminished penetration at the periphery of a grid is termed
a. grid radius
b. grid ratio
c. grid cut-off
d. grid range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following radiographic projections routinely uses an air gap technique?
a. lateral thoracic
b. A-P open mouth
c. lateral cervical
d. P-A lumbar |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following contain silver halide crystals?
a. emulsion
b. intensifying screen phosphor layer
c. film base
d. intensifying screen reflective layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is a problem when storing x-ray film flat instead of upright?
a. fogging
b. light leak
c. static electricity
d. pressure marks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The sheet of lead in a cassette serves what purpose?
a. to filter the beam
b. to prevent back scatter
c. to act as a reflective layer
d. to protect the patient |
|
Definition
| b. to prevent back scatter |
|
|
Term
The height of a grids lead strips compared to the width between them is called what?
a. grid radius
b. grid focal range
c. grid lines
d. grid ratio |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Too high of a kV will have which effect on the film
a. quantum mottle
b. high contrast
c. blurry image
d. increase penumbra |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Of the choices below which is true about a reciprocating grid?
a. it requires a 10:1 ratio
b. it requires 103 lines per inch
c. it is thicker than a stationary grid
d. it requires a faster exposure time
e. it is less expensive than a stationary grid |
|
Definition
| c. it is thicker than a stationary grid |
|
|
Term
the term "optimal kV" refers to which of the following?
a. the lowerst possible mAs with acceptable contrast on the film
b. the highest possible mAs with acceptable contrast on the film
c. the highest possible contrast with the lowest possible kVp
d. the lowest possible contrast with the highest possible kVp |
|
Definition
| a. the lowest possible mAs with acceptable contrast on the film |
|
|
Term
Which of the following is recommended for spinal radiography in the usual chiropractic office?
a. a focused grid
b. a parallel grid
c. a moving grid
d. a non grid technique |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following effects does using a high kV technique have?
a. raises patient exposure to primary rays
b. produces a shorter scale of contrast
c. has less penetration of primary rays
d. produces more scatter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The preferred focused grid range for spinal radiography is ___.
a. 36" to 40"
b. 40" to 72"
c. 46" to 60"
d. 72" to 84" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If a film has an overall darkened gray appearance but visable structures the probable cause of the problem would be which of the following?
a. the use of too high of a grid ratio
b. light leak from a bent cassette
c. exposure of the film to scatter
d. too low of a kVp technique |
|
Definition
| c. exposure of the film to scatter |
|
|
Term
Diminished penetration at the periphery of a grid is termed ___
a. grid radius
b. grid ratio
c. grid cut-off
d. grid range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
To double the density of a film by using mAs, what would you do?
a. increase the mAs by 100%
b. increase the mAs by 50%
c. increase the mAs by 30%
d. increase the mAs by 15% |
|
Definition
| a. increase the mAs by 100% |
|
|
Term
How many lines per inch are recommended for a stationary grid.
a. 8-10
b. 10-12
c. 100-103
d. 200-220 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When converting from a grid with a low ratio to a grid with a high ratio which of the following would be the best to do to maintain good film quality?
a. increase the kV
b. increase the mAs
c. decrease the kV
d. decrease the mAs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
if a film is said to be "burned out" what would it look like?
a. too dark
b. too light
c. too gray
d. too grainy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
which choice below is the main reason why a "fixed kV" technique is preferred?
a. contrast is consistent
b. there is less stress on the tube
c. the patient exposure is reduced
d. a faster exposure time can be used |
|
Definition
| a. contrast is consistent |
|
|
Term
Which of the following would produce the least amount of grid lines?
a. a focused grid
b. a moving grid
c. a parallel grid
d. grid cut-off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Exceeding the optimal kV range while maintaining good density will yield a film that has which of the following?
a. a long scale contrast
b. a short scale contrast
c. an image that is too dark
d. an image that is too light |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Remnant radiation refers to which of the following?
a. scattered rays that leave the patient and reach the grid
b. secondary rays that leave the patient and are deflected away from the grid
c. primary rays that leave the patient and reach the grid
d. both a and c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As a general rule, if you are going to x-ray an elderly patient you should do which of the following to your established radiographic technique?
a. increase it
b. decrease it
c. add a compensating filter
d. reduce the selective filtration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following would increase patient exposure?
a. using a high kV technique
b. using a 10:1 stationary grid
c. using a high speed screen
d. using an air gap technique |
|
Definition
| a. using a high kV technique |
|
|
Term
If you look at a lateral curve with 66 kV at 100 mA for one-tenth of a second at 72" FFD and it was too light, but you could see the structures, which of the following would be the best solution for your retake?
a. increase the kV by 15%
b. increase the mA by doubling it
c. increase the kV by doubling it
d. increase the time by 50% |
|
Definition
| a. increase the kV by 15% |
|
|
Term
About how much increase in mAs is required when going from a non grid technique to using a technique with a 12:1 grid?
a. 5 times
b. 7 times
c. 10 times
d. 12 times |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you took an A-P lumbar on a thin patient using 85 kV at 100 mA with the exposure time of 1/2 of a second and the film demonstrated all of the structures but was too light which should you do to get a better film?
a. increase your kV by 15%
b. increase the mAs by doubling it
c. increase the kV by 15% and decrease the mAs by 50%
d. increase the mAs by 30% and decrease the kV by 15% |
|
Definition
| b. increase the mAs by doubling it |
|
|
Term
If you took a 14 x 17 lateral lumbar film and saw that the L5-S1 area was too light, which of the following would be the best thing to do?
a. retake the 14 x 17 and reduce the kV
b. Take an 8 x 10 spot lateral and increase the mAs by 60%
c. retake the 14 x 17 and increase the mAs and filter L5-S1
d. retake the 14 x 17 and increase the mAs and filter L1-L4
e. take a spot 8 x 10 lateral, increase the mAs by 60% and increase the kV |
|
Definition
| e. take a spot 8 x 10 lateral, increase the mAs by 60% and increase the kV |
|
|
Term
If you saw a blood vessel on end (axially) on a chest film it would probably look like which of the four natural body (subject) densities?
a. air
b. oil
c. water
d. metal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you saw 2 structures each with paralleling tracks of calcification overlying the articular pillars diverging at the superior and closer at the inferior at what would you be looking for?
a. carotid arteries
b. vertebral arteries
c. part of the hyoid bone
d. part of the thyroid cartilage |
|
Definition
| d. part of the thyroid cartilage |
|
|
Term
Now picture this! You have actually graduated and decided to set up in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania where your aunt lives. She is an elderly overweight, retired exotic dancer named Trixie Norton who had injured her back when she fell off of a pole in a last ditch effort to rekindle her career. You first take an A-P lumbar film using 90 kV with 100 mAs for 1 second at 40" SID. When you look at the film you see that it is very gray and you are going to retake it. Of the choices below, which would be the best way to proceed?
a. Use 50% more mAs and decrease the kV by 15%
b. Use 6% more kV and decrease the mAs by 1/2
c. Use 2 seconds and decrease the kV by 15%
d. double the mAs and increase the kV by 6-8
e. Use 200 mA and decrease the kV by 15% |
|
Definition
| d. double the mAs and increase the kV by 6-8 |
|
|
Term
Imagine that once again you have fallen asleep in Rad 3 class. You start dreaming that you have graduated and have been hired by Dr. Otto Octavius of Titusville Florida to run his branch office in Yee Haw, FL just to the South. You are replacing his previous associate Peter Parker who has disappeared from the area. In comes your first patient, Rocky Miavia on whom you perform cervical films. The lateral which you took at 65 kV and 10 mAs without a grid is light but you can see the structures. With these things in mind which would be the best thing to do for the retake?
a. use a grid
b. increase the kV by 15%
c. decrease the kV by 15%
d. decrease the mAs by 50%
e. increase the mSs by 2x |
|
Definition
| b. increase the kV by 15% |
|
|
Term
If you took four A-P lumbar films, the first with 95 kV and 6.25 mAs, the second with 106 kV and 3.75 mAs, the third at 58 kV and 60.0 mAs and the fourth at 85 kV and 8.0 mAs, which would have the lowest contrast?
a. the first
b. the second
c. the third
d. the fourth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you decided not to use a grid for an AP lumbar film and adjusted the radiographic technique to maintain a good density, what would be the outcome?
a. the film would be very gray
b. the patient would be exposed to more radiation
c. the film would have a very short scale of contrast
d. the film would most likely demonstrate motion from the needed time increase |
|
Definition
| a. the film would be very gray |
|
|
Term
To double the density of a film with kVp, you should apply which rule?
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 30%
d. 50%
e. 100% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you compared 2 radiographs of a cervical spine with one having been taken at 40" and the other at 72" with the appropriate change in the radiographic technique, what would you find?
a. on the 40" film the image will be larger and clearer
b. on the 40" film the image will be smaller and less clear
c. on the 72" film the image will be smaller and clearer
d. on the 72" film the image will be larger and less clear |
|
Definition
| c. on the 72" film the image will be smaller and clearer |
|
|
Term
Which of the following could be a problem if your x-ray tube was laterally shifted from the center of the film?
a. magnification distortion
b. shape distortion
c. image blurring
d. unequal filtration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the primary purpose of a grid?
a. reduce the x-ray exposure to the patient
b. to put lines on the film for analysis
c. to reduce scatter radiation to the patient
d. to reduce scatter radiation to the film
e. to filter the x-rays that exit the collimator |
|
Definition
| d. to reduce scatter radiation to the film |
|
|
Term
Which of the following increases Compton's radiation?
a. higher kVp
b. higher mAs
c. shorter FFD
d. less filtration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the term used when comparing the height of the absorbing strips to the width of the interspacing material of a grid?
a. grid radius
b. grid range
c. grid ratio
d. grid reciprocation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which is the recommended optimal kV range for an AP lumbar film?
a. 75-85
b. 80-90
c. 85-95
d. 80-100 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
When shopping for a grid which interspacing material would you want because it's best for x-raying the spine?
a. wood
b. plastic
c. aluminum
d. lead
e. bamboo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following best describes back scatter?
a. secondary that is absorbed
b. scatter that is directed toward the tube
c. secondary that reaches the film
d. scatter that misses the film |
|
Definition
| b. scatter that is directed toward the tube |
|
|
Term
If you wanted to alter your contrast so that a radiograph had more gray tones, what would you increase?
a. filters
b. mAs
c. FFD
d. kV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which effect does using a reciprocating grid have that a stationary grid doesn't?
a. it blurs out grid lines
b. it is best used with very fast screens
c. it requires a greater grid frequency
d. its strips better match the ray divergence |
|
Definition
| a. it blurs out grid lines |
|
|
Term
If you took a lateral cervical with 66 kV at 100 mA for one tenth of a second at 72" FFD and it was too light but you must see the structures, which of the following would be the best solution for your retake?
a. increase the kV by 15%
b. increase the mA by doubling it
c. increase the kV by doubling it
d. increase the time by 50% |
|
Definition
| a. increase the kV by 15% |
|
|
Term
Of the following which would produce a film with the most visiblw grainy?
a. an overexposed film
b. an underexposed film
c. a high mAs/low kVp film
d. a high kVp/low mAs film
e. a film that demonstrates patient motion |
|
Definition
| d. a high kVp/low mAs film |
|
|
Term
If you took four lateral cervical films using 75 kV with 14 mAs for the first, 65 kV with 14 mAs for the second, 85 kV with 14 mAs for the third, and 95 kV with 14 mAs for the fourth, which film would be the darkest?
a. the first
b. the second
c. the third
d. the fourth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How much increase in mAs is needed to maintain the same density when reducing the x-ray field from 14"x17" to 8"x10"?
a. 20%
b. 40%
c. 50%
d. 60%
e. 70% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which is NOT true about an x-ray beam?
a. exposure to it will cause x-ray film to darken
b. the greater its intensity the more penetrating it is
c. the more peripheral parts of the beam causes less distortion
d. its intensity lessens as the distance increases from the source |
|
Definition
| c. the more peripheral parts of the beam causes less distortion |
|
|
Term
Which is the recommended optimal kV range for an AP full spine?
a. 75-85
b. 80-90
c. 85-95
d. 80-100 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
lm exposed to secondary radiation will have which of the following appearances?
a. it grays the film making it dark
b. it makes the film look short scale
c. it reduces the density of the film
d. it causes part of the film to be black |
|
Definition
| a. it grays the film making it look dark |
|
|
Term
Which would be most likely to decrease the amount of scattered radiation to a film?
a. an increase in patient size
b. an increase in the mAs
c. an increase in the film size
d. an increase in the kVp |
|
Definition
| b. an increase in the mAs |
|
|
Term
when x-raying an elderly obese patient, which of the following would be helpful in obtaining the best quality of film?
a. using a shorter tube distance
b. using more time and less mA
c. using a higher kV in the optimal range
d. using a lower kV in the optimal range |
|
Definition
| c. using a higher kV in the optimal range |
|
|
Term
Of the following which would cause a decrease in subject density?
a. disuse atrophy
b. paget's disease
c. sclerotic osteosarcoma
d. fluid in the lung |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Why wouldn't you want a focused grid with a focal range of 40" to 72", 8:1 ratio, aluminum interspacing material
a. the focal range is all off
b. a parallel grid would be better
c. the maximum recomended kV for an 8:1 grid is 90, and you may want to use more
d. aluminum interspacing material is harder to penetrate than wood or plastic
e. You don't need grids |
|
Definition
| c. the maximum recomended kV for an 8:1 grid is 90 and you might want to use more |
|
|
Term
If you increased the mAs and reduced the kV from a given radiographic technique what would be the outcome?
a. the film would be underexposed
b. decrease the mAs by 50%
c. increase the mAs by 30%
d. decrease the kV by 50% |
|
Definition
| b. decrease the mAs by 50% |
|
|
Term
If a film is too dark, it is said to be
a. underexposed
b. overexposed
c. under penetrated
d. of good contrast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Determine which radiographic technique would have the shortest scale of contrast
a. 60 kV with 100 mA for 2 sec
b. 7
c. 4
d. 2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which effect would adding 100% more mAs to a radiographic technique have?
a. it would slightly darken the film
b. it would noticably lighten the film
c. it would double the density of the film
d. it would inhance sic the contrast on the film |
|
Definition
| c. it would double the density of the film |
|
|
Term
When x-raying an elderly obese patient, which of the following would be helpful in obtaining the best quality film?
a. using a shorter tube distance
b. using more time and less mA
c. using a higher kV in the optimal range
d. using a lower kV in the optimal range |
|
Definition
| d. using a lower kV in the optimal range |
|
|
Term
Which of the following best describes what you should expect if you retake an AP lumbar film with 15% decrease in the kV and leave mAs the same?
a. the density of the film would be reduced by 30%
b. the density of the film would be increased by 2/3
c. the density of the film would be reduced by 1/2
d. the density of the film would be increased 50% |
|
Definition
| c. the density of the film would be reduced by 1/2 |
|
|
Term
If you have a radiograph of the lumbar spine that is noticeably too light but you can see the bones on it and if you decide to solve your problem by the 15% rule, which would you do?
a. increase the kV by 15%
b. decrease the kV by 15%
c. increase the mAs by 15%
d. decrease the mAs by 15% |
|
Definition
| a. increase the kV by 15% |
|
|
Term
Which is the recommended optimal kV range for an AP thoracic film?
a. 75-85
b. 80-90
c. 85-95
d. 80-100 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following refers to an attenuation of part of the beam by the grid?
a. grid radius
b. grid factor
c. grid latitude
d. grid cut-off |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If you looked into the port of a used x-ray tube and saw that the entire surface of the anode had bumps which of the following terms best matches this appearance?
a. anode melting
b. anode pitting
c. anode overload
d. anode rotation is slow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A filament does what?
a. reduces heat
b. produces photons
c. gives off x-rays
d. forms electrons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
In which direction do grid lines run?
a. at right angles to the patient
b. in the long axis of the patient
c. horizontally across the patient
d. diagonally across the patient |
|
Definition
| b. in the long axis of the patient |
|
|
Term
Which radiographic technique would cause the most absorption of x-rays in a patient's body.
a. 10 mAs with 140 kV
b. 20 mAs with 90 kV
c. 30 mAs with 60 kV
d. 40 mAs with 40 kV |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the most common cause of a blurry image in practice?
a. patient motion
b. screen unsharpness
c. increased in the OFD
d. Equipment motion |
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Definition
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Term
When using a stationary grid which of the following is recommended for spinal filming?
a. a 5:1 grid ratio
b. a 8:1 grid ratio
c. a 10:1 grid ratio
d. a 16:1 grid ratio |
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Definition
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Term
As a general rule, if you are going to x-ray an elderly patient you should do which of the following to your established radiographic technique?
a. increase it
b. decrease it
c. add a compensating filter
d. reduce the selective filtration |
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Definition
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Term
Contrast between structures of different subject densities is due to which of the following?
a. differential absorption
b. conversion efficiency
c. spectral matching
d. afterglow |
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Definition
| a. differential absorption |
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Term
Which of the following exposure techniques would have the lowest contrast?
a. 200 mAs with 75 kV
b. 150 mAs with 65 kV
c. 100 mAs with 95 kV
d. 50 mAs with 110 kV |
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Definition
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Term
Which best describes the effect that scatter radiation has on a film.
a. it makes the film black
b. it causes a graying of the film
c. it causes a grainyness to the film
d. it makes the film lighter |
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Definition
| b. it causes a graying of the film |
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Term
All other factors being equal which radiographic technique would demonstrate the most film grain (quantum mottle)?
a. 70 kV with 25 mA for 1 second
b. 80 kV with 50 mA for 1/2 of a second
c. 90 kV with 100 mA for 1/4 of a second
d. 100 kV with 200 mA for 1/8 of a second |
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Definition
| d. 100 kV with 200 mA for 1/8 of a second |
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Term
The ____ is the main function of mAs.
a. film contrast
b. film density
c. film speed
d. film latitude |
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Definition
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Term
When x-raying an obese patient, which of the following would be helpful in obtaining a better quality film?
a. longer exposure time
b. lower kV in the optimal range
c. higher kV in the optimal range
d. shorter tube distance |
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Definition
| b. lower kV in the optimal range |
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Term
Osteoporosis will usually require you to do which of the following?
a. reduce the tube output
b. increase the tube output
c. develop the films faster
d. pump up the patient |
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Definition
| a. reduce the tube output |
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Term
Which is the recommended optimal kV range for an AP thoracic film?
a. 75-85
b. 80-90
c. 85-95
d. 80-100 |
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Definition
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Term
If you took a 14 x 17 lateral lumbar film and saw that the L5-S1 area was too light, which of the following would be the best thing to do?
a. retake the 14" x 17" and reduce the kV
b. take an 8x10 spot lateral and increase the mAs 60%
c. retake the 14x17 and increase the mAs and filter L5-S1
d. retake the 14 x 17 and increase the mAs and filter L1-L4
e. take a spot 8 x 10 lateral, increase the mAs by 60% and increase the kV |
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Definition
| b. take an 8x10 spot lateral and increase the mAs 60% |
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Term
Which would be most likely to decrease the amount of secondary radiation to a film?
a. an increase in patient size
b. an increase in mAs
c. an increase in film size
d. an increase in kVp |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following radiographic projections routinely uses an air gap technique?
a. lateral thoracic
b. AP open mouth
c. lateral cervical
d. PA lumbar |
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Definition
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Term
A film with a darkened overall gray appearance could be caused by which of the following?
a. the use of too high of a grid ratio
b. light leak from a bent cassette
c. exposure of the film to scatter
d. too low of a kVp technique |
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Definition
| c. exposure of the film to scatter |
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Term
About how much increase in mAs is required when going from a non grid technique to using a technique with a 12:1 grid?
a. 5 times
b. 7 times
c. 10 times
d. 12 times |
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Definition
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Term
If you wanted to alter your contrast so that a radiograph had more gray tones, what would you increase?
a. filters
b. mAs
c. FFD
d. kV |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following refers to an attenuation of part of the beam by the grid?
a. grid radius
b. grid factor
c. grid latitude
d. grid cut-off |
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Definition
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Term
If you took four A-P lumbar films, the first with 95 kV and 6.25 mAs, the second with 10 and 3.75 mAs, and the third at 58 kV and 60.0 mAs and the fourth at 85 kV and 8.0 mAs, what would have the lowest scale of contrast?
a. the first
b. the second
c. the third
d. the fourth |
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Definition
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Term
If you took a lateral cervical with 66 kV at 100 mA for one-tenth of a second at 72" FFD was too light but you could see the structures, which of the following would be the best solution for your retake?
a. increase the kV by 15%
B. increase the mA by doubling it
c. increase the kV by doubling it
d. increase the time by 50% |
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Definition
| a. increase the kV by 15% |
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Term
To double the density of a film by using mAs, what would you do?
a. increase the mAs by 100%
b. increase the mAs by 50%
c. increase the mAs by 30%
d. increase the mAs by 15% |
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Definition
| a. increase the mAs by 100% |
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Term
Which of the following would increase patient exposure?
a. using a high kV technique
b. using a 10:1 stationary grid
c. using a high speed screen
d. using an air gap technique |
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Definition
| b. using a 10:1 stationary grid |
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Term
Which choice below is the main reason why a fixed kV technique is preferred?
a. contrast is consistant
b. there is less stress on the tube
c. the patient exposure is reduced
d. a faster exposure time can be used |
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Definition
| a. contrast is consistent |
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Term
A film that is lighter on one side than the other most likely would indicate
a. grid cut-off
b. too much filtration
c. incorrect FFD
d. High kV and low mAs technique |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following best describes back scatter?
a. secondary that is absorbed
b. scatter that is directed toward the tube
c. secondary that reaches the film
d. scatter that misses the film |
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Definition
| b. scatter that is directed towards the tube |
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