Term
| List the 4 stages of radiation syndrome. |
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Definition
1. Prodromal stage
2. Latent stage
3. Manifest Illness
4. Recovery or Death |
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Term
| Which stage of radiation syndrome is first - it's name means "running before" |
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Definition
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Term
| The prodromal stage is the body's initial reaction to serious trauma - this is known as a state of *** |
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Definition
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Term
| During this stage, there are very few, if any, outward symptoms. |
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Definition
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Term
| The lower the dose, the *** (longer/shorter) the latent stage lasts. |
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Definition
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Term
| In this stage, symptoms appear which reflect the amount of damage that was done. |
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Definition
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Term
| The final stage, if the dose is under 100 RADs and the person receives good medical care, is often: |
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Definition
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Term
| The two most common causes of death in the final stage of radiation syndrome, in order of frequency, are: |
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Definition
#1 infection
#2 hemorrhage |
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Term
| The four types of radiation syndrome that can occur in humans are dependent on dose - they are: |
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Definition
1. Subclinical syndrome
2. Hematologic (AKA hematopoietic or bone marrow) syndrome
3. Gastrointestinal syndrome
4. Cerebrovascular (AKA CNS) syndrome |
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Term
| Subclinical syndrome occurs at what dose (in RADs) |
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Definition
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Term
| The 4 main symptoms experience in the prodromal stage of subclinical syndrome, all fairly light, are: |
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Definition
1. Nausea
2. Vomiting
3. Diarrhea
4. Malaise |
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Term
| The latent stage in subclinical syndrome may last up to **** |
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Definition
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Term
| In which type of radiation syndrome might there be no manifest illness stage at all (or very little - maybe mild infection) |
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Definition
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Term
| In which type of radiation syndrome is the final stage always recovery (with medical care) |
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Definition
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Term
| Although the subclinical syndrome always ends in recovery, what late effect exists? |
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Definition
| Up to 20 years later, there is an increased risk of leukemia and other cancers. |
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Term
| At what dose range does hematologic syndrome occur (in RADs)? |
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Definition
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Term
| In hematologic syndrome, how long does the prodromal stage last? |
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Definition
| A few hours to a few days. |
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Term
| The other two names hematologic syndrome is known by are: |
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Definition
hematopoietic syndrome
and
bone marrow syndrome |
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Term
| How long does the latent stage last in hematologic syndrome? |
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Definition
| Up to 4 weeks (same as subclinical) |
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Term
| In hematologic syndrome, what is the first symptom of the manifest illness stage? |
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Definition
| pancytopenia (a drop in all blood counts including RBCs, WBCs, and platelets) |
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Term
| Pancytopenia leads to a drop in all blood counts. What conditions result? (3) |
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Definition
RBCs - anemia
WBCs - infection
Platelets - hemorrhage |
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Term
| At what dose levels (two ranges) can a person recover from hematologic syndrome with good medical care? In what time period for each? |
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Definition
100 to 300 RADs - 3 to 6 weeks
300 to 600 RADs - up to 1 year |
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Term
| At a dose of 100 to 300 RADs, a person would develop hematologic syndrome. What 4 medical interventions would usually be needed to allow survival? |
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Definition
1. Blood transfusions
2. Antibiotics
3. IV fluids
4. IV feeding |
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Term
| At a dose range of 300 to 600 RADs, what major medical intervention would probably be needed to survive? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what dose level is death almost certain, as there is only one known survivor in history? |
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Definition
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Term
| If more than 600 RADs are received and no medical care is given, when will death occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what dose range does gastrointestinal syndrome occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the prodromal stage in gastrointestinal syndrome: |
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Definition
| Lasts only 1 day, severe nausea/vomiting/diarrhea and abdominal cramping. |
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Term
| Describe the latent stage of gastrointestinal syndrome: |
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Definition
| Lasts 2 to 5 days, severe malaise - person just lies in bed. |
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Term
| Describe the manifest illness stage of gastrointestinal syndrome. |
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Definition
| Severe nausea/vomiting/diarrhea again but also high fever of 104+ and GI bleeding. |
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Term
| How long until death occurs in gastrointestinal syndrome? |
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Definition
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Term
| At what dose level does CNS syndrome occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| In CNS syndrome, the prodromal stage lasts how long? |
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Definition
| A few minutes to a few hours |
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Term
| In cerebrovascular syndrome, the prodromal stage includes very severe nausea/vomiting/diarrhea, and malaise, plus 4 additional symptoms not see in any other syndrome. These are: |
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Definition
1. nervousness
2. confusion
3. occasional LOC
4. burning sensation to skin |
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Term
| The latent stage of CNS syndrome lasts how long and consists of this one symptom: |
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Definition
up to 12 hours
unconsciousness |
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Term
| In CNS syndrome, the manifest illness stage includes violent nausea/vomiting/diarrhea plus these 2 additional symptoms: |
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Definition
ataxia (loss of muscle coordination)
and
confusion |
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Term
| Describe the progression of confusion in CNS syndrome. |
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Definition
| Confusion to delirium to coma to death |
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Term
| Death always occurs in CNS syndrome within what time period? |
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Definition
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