Term
| developmental systems perspective |
|
Definition
human development is the product of changing relations between the developing person and his or her changing multilevel environmental contexts
(interactions between all our biological characteristics and the environment determine development) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- development is the result of an ongoing, biderectional interchange between one's biological characteristics and the environment
- suggests interdependence of heredity and the environment
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
change in number or amount
(height, weight, reaction time) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
refers to a change in structure or organization, as marked by the emergence of a new behavior
(change in the process characteristics of balance and walking) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of change in motor behavior resulting from the interaction of biological processes and the environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the developmental process is continuous and observable from conception to the final stage in human life; based on the theory that the developmental process extends beyond puberty and young adulthood |
|
|
Term
| multidisciplinary approach |
|
Definition
| behavior in any domain (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) is the product of many influences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| set of qualities fixed at birth that account for many individual traits and characteristics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| changes in quantity (increase in body size) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process of change in the individual's level of functioning (quantitative or qualitative) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
when specific biological events occur; underlying timetable of developmental events
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the product of biological characteristics and environmental influence and refers to observable changes in learning and performing particular movement or skill |
|
|
Term
| cephalocaudal development |
|
Definition
| growth that proceeds longitudinally from the head to feet |
|
|
Term
proximodistal development
|
|
Definition
| is growth that proceeds from the center of the body to its periphery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which on is surrounded |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
are opportunities for action that objects, events, or places in the environment provide
(toys, stairs, swimming) |
|
|
Term
| developmentally appropriate |
|
Definition
| refers to the instruction and practice of activities appropriate for the level and needs of the individual |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has been characterized as the deteriorated capacity to regulate the internal environment, resulting in a reduced probability of survival |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| periods when common developmental milestones for each of us occur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| or sequence, may also describe qualitative transitions over time that generally are not strictly affixed at a certain age level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| constitute the variation in human appearance and behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| refers to an optimal time for the emergence of certain developmental processes and behaviors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reflects a time in the life span when individuals may be especially sensitive to specific influences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| periods of life-span development |
|
Definition
| representing approximate chronological age behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| life span motor behavior by depicting the relationship of behavior to specific age related stages and phases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observe age differences by selecting individuals who represent different age groups aand measuring their behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collecting data on the same individual over an extended period of time, usually across several years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change is tracked over a series of sessions from the time it begins until it stabilizes, as subjects master an expected novel or task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| includes elements from longitudinal and cross-sectional design that allows the researcher to study several different aged samples over a period of years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radio signal in a magnetic field; provides an anatomical view of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measures changes in brain function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulates corticospinal neurons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measuring levels of neuronal activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has had perhaps the single greatest effect on modern developmental psychology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| before you really start thinking you are figuring it out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- concrete objects associated with thought
- starting to put cognitions with operations
- ex: "the ball rolls" "i can see you therefore you exist"
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- abstract thought
- "picturing something in your mind"
|
|
|
Term
| bioecological systems theory |
|
Definition
| emphasizes the broad range of situations and contexts individuals may encounter |
|
|
Term
| Gibson's ecological perspective |
|
Definition
| provides insight into important question in motor development: how do individuals perceive and act on information in the environment? |
|
|
Term
| information-processing view |
|
Definition
| one of the dominant approaches in cognitive psychology and motor behavior; depicts the mind as a system through which information flows |
|
|
Term
| developmental biodynamics |
|
Definition
| represents an interdisciplinary attempt to integrate promising theories and findings related to the behavioral study of perception and action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| classes of movement patterns involving collections (groups) of muscle joint variables that act as basic units in the regulation and control of movement |
|
|
Term
| Newell's (constraints) model |
|
Definition
| is an excellent approach to observing and studying motor behavior across the life span from an ecological perspective |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organization of characteristics that you come up with in your mind to organize thoughts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| assimilation and accomodation; learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when new information doesnt fit we bring it in to a group by calling it something else |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| restructuring and making a new category for a new thing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primary goal of this is to separate self from surroundings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reflexes are primary vehicle for infant to acquire information (put it in their mouth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
primary circular reactions; infant is learning to coordinate vision with manual movements through reflex-like movements
ex- moves arm and by chance touches toy - jingles, happens again and again and finally there is a connection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Secondary circular reactions (emotional response) play and emotion begin. infant begins to voluntarily repeat motions that have a pleasurable result
(SENSITIVE PERIOD)
ex: lifts arms to adults to be picked up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Application: intentional means - end behavior develops, infant begins to plan behavior
ex: playing catch --> imitation is a vehicle for learning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tertiary circular reactions: trial and error exploration of new means
ex- ways to use a toy: throw it, shake it, eat it |
|
|
