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medulla (inner section), middle, soft, marrow |
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the functional units of the kidneys |
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glomerul/o (glomerulus, glomeruli) |
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cyst/o, vesic/o (bladder) |
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urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid |
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urination, micturition, voiding |
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normal process of excreting urine |
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aka kidney failure, the inability of one or both of the kidneys to perform their functions |
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sudden onset and is characterized by uremia. it can be fatal if not reversed promptly. this condition can be caused by many factors, including a drop of blood volume or blood pressure due to injury or surgery |
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progressive loss of renal function due to a variety of conditions, such as kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, or hypertension |
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refers to the late stages of chronic renal failure, in which there is irreversible loss of the function of both kidneys. without dialysis or a kidney transplant, this condition could be fatal |
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stretching, dialation, enlargement |
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a type of nephritis that involves primarily the glomeruli |
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droop, sag, prolapse, fall |
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-lithiasis (nephrolithiasis) |
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abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina |
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diur/o, diuret/o (diuresis) |
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tending to increase urine output |
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involuntary discharge of urine |
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inability to control excretory functions |
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performed when a sterile specimen is required for diagnostic purposes |
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kidneys, ureters, bladder |
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retro- (retrograde urography) |
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behind, backward, back of |
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artificial filtration of waste material from the blood |
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waste products directly from the patient's blood |
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the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood |
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