Term
| Name the Six types of Joints: |
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Definition
Syndesmoses
Synchondroses
Gomphoses
Sutures
Symphyses
Synovial |
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Term
SYNDESMOSES:
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Fibrous
FUNCTION: Amphiarthroses
EXAMPLE: Interosseus Membranes |
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Term
SYNCHONDROSES
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Fibrous
FUNCTION: Synarthroses
EXAMPLE: Strenum and 1st Rib; Epiphesial Plate |
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Term
| True or Fals: All Synovial Joints are Diarthroses. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three types of STRUCTURES of joints. |
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Definition
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial |
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Term
| Name the three FUNCTIONS of joints. |
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Definition
1. Synarthroses
2. Amphiarthroses
3. Diarthroses |
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Term
GOMPHOSES
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Fibrous
FUNCTION: Synarthroses
EXAMPLE: Teeth |
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Term
SUTURES
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Fibrous
FUNCTION: Synarthroses
EXAMPLE: Cranial Bones |
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Term
SYMPHYSES
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Cartilaginous
FUNCTION: Amphiarthroses
EXAMPLE: Interveterbral discs; Pubic symphysis |
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Term
SYNOVIAL
Name the Structure and Function
Give an Example |
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Definition
STRUCTURE: Synovial
FUNCTION: Diarthroses
EXAMPLE: Knee, Elbow. |
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Term
| Name the movement characteristic of SYNARTHROSES functionall classification of joints: |
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Definition
| Very Subtle (cranial bones) to NO MOVEMENT |
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Term
| Q: What would a suture be considered functionally? |
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Definition
| A; Synarthroses (very subtle movement) |
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Term
| Name the movement characteristic of AMPHIARTHROSES functional classification of joints? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the movement classification of DIARTHROSES functional classification of joints. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the Three types of Cartilage |
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Definition
1. Hyaline
2. Fibrocartilage
3. Elastic Cartilage |
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Term
| Describe Hyaline Cartilage: |
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Definition
Most prevelant.
Low Collagen Fibers
Found in Epiphyseal plates of Long Bones, nose, anterior ribs. |
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Term
| Describe Fibrocartilage Cartilage: |
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Definition
Most Durable.
High in collagen fibers.
Found in intervetebral discs, miniscus of the knee |
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Term
| Describe Elastic Cartilage: |
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Definition
Most Flexible.
High in elastin fibers.
Found in ear and epiglottis |
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Term
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Definition
A joint. A point of contact between bones.
Found between cartilage and bones.
Also found between teeth and bones. |
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Term
| Q: Which type of Cartilage is MOST PREVELANT? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of cartilage is MOST DURABLE? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage is MOST FLEXIBLE? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage has the least amount of collagen fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage is highest in collagen fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage is highest in Elastic Fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ear and epiglottis are examples of which type of cartilage? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage makes up the intervetrebral discs and miniscus of the knee? |
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Definition
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Term
| Q: Which type of cartilage is found in the anterior ribs, nose and all the epiphyseal plates? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three types of SYNOVIAL JOINTS |
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Definition
1. Uniaxial
2. Biaxial
3. Multiaxial |
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Term
| Name the Structures of Synovial Joints: |
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Definition
Joint Capsule
Joint Cavity (2 layers)
1. Outer layer: Fibrous layer connected to bone
2 Inner layer: Synovial Membrane
Ligaments
Menisci
Bursa
Tendon |
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Term
| WHat is the function of a bursa? |
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Definition
| They are fluid filled sacs that cushion, protect and prevent friction. |
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Term
| What is the fnction of a tendon? |
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Definition
It is made of dense regular connective tissue.
It connects muscle to bone. |
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Term
| True or False: Cartilage is highly vascular. |
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Definition
FALSE.
Cartilage is avascular - it has a very poor ability to heal as it has a poor blood supply. |
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Term
| Name the 2 types of Uniaxial Joints: |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the 2 types of Biaxial Joints. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the two type of Multiaxial Joints: |
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Definition
1. Ball and Socket
2. Gliding |
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Term
| What is the word, "ellipsodal" also known as? |
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Definition
Condyloid.
A Biaxial joint.
A convex, oval shape that projects into an oval shapped depression.
Example: Occiput & C1 / Atlanto-occipital joint. |
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Term
A hinge joint is a uniaxial joint.
Give its function and an example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: 1 axis, one plane = flexion and extension.
EXAMPLE: elbow, fingers. |
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Term
A Pivot joint is a uniaxial joint.
Give its function and an example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: Rotation around 1 axis
EXAMPLE: C1 & C2 / Atlantoaxial joint |
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Term
A Saddle joint is a Biaxial Joint..
Give the function and example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: MOVES 2 AXES IN 2 PLANES
EXAMPLE: THUMB |
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Term
A CONDYLOID, ALSO CALLED ELLIPSOIDAL, joint is a Biaxial joint.
Give it's function and an example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: A convex, oval projection that fits into a oval shaped depression = rotation.
EXAMPLE: Occiput & C1 / Atlanto-occipital joint. |
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Term
The ball annd socket joint is a multiaxial joint.
Name its function and example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: 3 or more axes and 3 or more planes
EXAMPLE: SHoulder and Hip |
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Term
A gliding, or planar, joint is a multiaxial joint.
Give its functiion and and an example. |
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Definition
FUNCTION: Slight Movement in all directions
EXAMPLE: carpals and tarsals |
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Term
| The Occiput & C1 or Atlanto-occipital joint is an example of what type of joint? |
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Definition
| A condyloid or Ellipsoidal joint which is Biaxial. |
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Term
| C1 & C2 or the Atlantoaxial joint / Axis and Atlas is an example of which type of joint? |
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Definition
| A pivot joint which is a uniaxial joint. |
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Term
| Name the three Fibrous Joint Structures: |
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Definition
1. Syndesmoses
2. Suture
3. Gomphosis |
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Term
| Name the two types of Cartilaginous joints: |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three Functions of Joints: |
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Definition
1. Synarthroses
2. Amphiarthroses
3. Diarthroses |
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Term
| Give examples of the three types of Fibrous Joint Structures; Syndesmoses, Suture and Gomphosis. |
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Definition
1. Syndesmoses = Interosseus Membranes btw Tib/Fib
2. Suture = Cranial bones
3. Gomphosis = teeth in socket |
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Term
| Give examples of the two ttypes of Cartilaginous joint structures, Synchondroses and Symphyses. |
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Definition
1. Synchondroses = Sternum and 1st Rib
2. Symphyses = Intervetrebral discs & Pubic symphyses. |
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Term
| Name the structures of the Knee |
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Definition
| Capsule, Patellar Ligamnet, Menisci, Collateral Ligaments, Cruciate Ligaments. |
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Term
| What is another name for the Shoulder Joint (a synovial, diarthritic joint) |
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Definition
| Glenohumeral or Humeroscapular |
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Term
| What is another name for the Hip joint, a synovial, diarthritic joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What knee injury accounts for 70% of most serious knee injuries? |
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Definition
| Daage to the ACL and Medial Meniscus |
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Term
| True or False: Each Vertebrae is a Synovial Joint. |
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Definition
| False. The capsules are located between the spinous processes, transverses processes and the ribs. |
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Term
| Factors that affect Range of Motion: |
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Definition
Structure/Shape of articulating bones
Strength/Tension of ligamnets
Arrangement/Tension of muscles
Apposition of soft parts - the point where surfaces contact
Hormones - Relaxin softens the flexibility of ligamnets
Disuse - if a joint has not been used for an extended period. |
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Term
| What are the effects of aging? |
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Definition
Vary considerably, affected by genetic factors and by wear and tear. See most effects by age 70.
-decreased production of synovial fluid
-articular cartilage becomes thinner
-ligamnets shorten and loose flexibility |
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Term
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Definition
| any painful disorder of the supporting structures of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of rheumatism - joints become swollen, stiff and painful. |
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Term
| What are the thre major types of Arthritis> |
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Definition
RA - Rheumatoid
Osteoarthritis
Gouty Arthritis |
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Term
| Define RA -Rheumatoid Arthritis |
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Definition
| An autoimmune Disease. Occurs bilateraly in smaller joints with systemic effects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Degerative joint disease - "wear and tear." Typically affects larger weight bearing joints that are overused. |
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Term
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Definition
| Build up of uric acid, frequently from diets rich in meat or alcohol. Crystals depositied in joints, typically in big toe. |
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Term
| What are the common joint injuries? |
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Definition
Rotator Cuff
Tennis Elbow
Dislocation and Subluxation
Sprain
Knee - Rupture/Dislocation |
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Term
| Where is the inflammation in Tennis Elbow? |
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Definition
| It is inflamation of the wrist extensors which are located on the lateral condyle of the elbow. |
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Term
| Where is the inflammation in Golfer's Elbow? |
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Definition
| In the wrist flexors whcih are located on the medial epicondyle of the elbow. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A dislocation which is a displacement of a bone from its joint, tears tendons, ligaments, and/or the joint capsule. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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