Term
| What is the new paradigm shift concerning training and rehab |
|
Definition
| focus is training the entire kinetic chain utilizing all planes of movement and establishing high levels of functional strength and neuromuscular efficiency |
|
|
Term
| What is an important component of all functional rehab programs |
|
Definition
| dynamic core stabilization |
|
|
Term
| What will improve dynamic postural control, ensure appropriate muscular balance and joint arthokinematics allowing for expression of dynamic functional strength and improve neuromuscular efficiency throughout the entire kinematic chain |
|
Definition
| core stabilization program |
|
|
Term
| The core is defined as the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many muscles make up the core/lumbo pelvic complex? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| With the core operating as an integrated functional unit whereby the entire kinematic chain works ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What four mechanisms that rely on support in the lumbar spine? |
|
Definition
1. Tension from the T/L fascia
2. Intra-abdominal pressure
3. Paraspinal muscles
4. Deep Lumbar extensors |
|
|
Term
| Trunk muscle ___ has been shown to be more strongly correlated with back health than trunk muscle strength |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trunk ___ endurance has been found to correlate more highly with lumbar spine health than ___ endurance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 major muscles of the core |
|
Definition
| transverse abdominis, ext obliques, int obliques, rectus abdominis, erector spinae |
|
|
Term
| In beginning a core program you should not ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In beginning a core program you should hold your muscle contractions for at least ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often should you preform exercises in the beginning of a core program |
|
Definition
| throughout your daily routine |
|
|
Term
| To activate your muscles you should push your belly ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To activate your muscles your back should ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When you set the deep pelvic floor you are going to instruct the patient to____ |
|
Definition
| tighten the muscles as if you are going to stop urine flow |
|
|
Term
| When you set the deep abdominal muscles you contract ___ |
|
Definition
| the lower lateral abdominal wall |
|
|
Term
| When setting the deep lower back you ___ |
|
Definition
| bring the belly toward the spine |
|
|
Term
| what is bracing or setting the core |
|
Definition
| trying to contract all the muscles at once |
|
|
Term
| what is the beginning level core exercise? |
|
Definition
| lie down on back with knees bent and youre core muscles set before each exercise. hold 10 seconds and repaeat 30X from the start position lift one foot off the floor slowly then lower and alternate then slowly work into a lying cross crawl technique |
|
|
Term
| Advanced core training of the transverse abdominis would do what exercise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Advanced core training of the external obliques would preform what exercise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| advanced core training of the internal obliques would do what exercise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| advanced core training of the rectus abdominis would preform what exercise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what exercises would you preform to do erector spinae core training |
|
Definition
| back extension and birddog |
|
|
Term
| what exercise would you preform to do quadratus lumborum core training |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___is a static exercise for strengthening the abdominals, back and shoulders. Isometric strength is important for stabilizing the trunk in various sports and exercises. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___the deepest layer of abdominal muscle and wraps around the whole midsection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When doing the plank you have to remember to ___ |
|
Definition
| breathe, relax your neck, and no movement |
|
|
Term
| What are the guidelines for progression of core exercises |
|
Definition
slow to fast
simple to complex movements
preform core in various body positions |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 variety of methods to train your core |
|
Definition
| matt exercises, pilates, theraball, wobble board, foam rollers |
|
|
Term
| ____physical therapy and exercise used to extend the spine can help "centralize" the patient’s pain by moving it away from the extremities (leg or arm) to the back. Back pain is usually better tolerated than leg pain or arm pain, and the theory of the approach is that centralizing the pain allows the source of the pain to be treated rather than the symptoms. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____self-healing and self-treatment are important for the patient’s pain relief and rehabilitation. |
|
Definition
| Central tenant of the mckenzie approach |
|
|
Term
| passive modalities of the mckenzie method are |
|
Definition
| NONE—such as heat, cold, ultrasound, medicine or needles—are used in the treatment. |
|
|
Term
| What is the long term goal of the McKenzie method |
|
Definition
| teach patients suffering from neck pain and/or back pain how to treat themselves and manage their own pain for life using exercise and other strategies. |
|
|
Term
| The McKenzie method's goal is to ___ the patients visit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In order for the McKenzie method to work with its design to help patients you need the pain to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some patients where pain would not centralize |
|
Definition
| lumbar spinal stenosis, facet joint osteoarthritis, extending the spine may actually increase their pain |
|
|
Term
| What is the highest clinical categories of back pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the second highest category of back pain |
|
Definition
| nerve root pathology (<10%) |
|
|
Term
| Serious spinal pathology incidence is in about ___% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 syndromes in the mckenzie method |
|
Definition
| postural, dysfunction, derangement |
|
|
Term
| ____characterized by intermittent pain brought on only by prolonged static loading of normal tissues. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is essential in a postural syndrome? |
|
Definition
| time is causative component in prolonged loading |
|
|
Term
| Patients with postural syndrome experience how much pain and movement with activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To provoke pain in what syndrome is slumped sitting which results in prolonged end-range positioning of the joint capsules or adjacent supportive ligaments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In this syndrome Pain is never constant and appears only as the affected structures are mechanically loaded. Pain will stop almost immediately on cessation of loading. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In dysfunction syndrome where is the pain caused from? |
|
Definition
| mechanica deformation of structurally impaired tissues from either previous trauma or inflammatory degeneration process |
|
|
Term
| Previous trauma or inflammatory degenerative processes will result in what deformation of tissue |
|
Definition
| contraction, scarring, adherance, adaptive shortening, or imperfect repair (pain felt when loaded) |
|
|
Term
| In dysfunction syndrome end range stress of ___ shortened structures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In dysfunction syndromeMechanical deformation ___ produces pain at end of range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In dysfunction syndrome what 5 areas could be the cause |
|
Definition
| discogenic, zygopophyseal, ligamentous, muscular, apenurosis |
|
|
Term
| This is the most common mechanical syndrome. Signs and symptoms may include back pain only, back and leg pain, or leg pain only. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___causes a disturbance in the normal resting position of the affected joint surfaces. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal displacement of articular tissue of whatever origin will cause pain to remain constant until |
|
Definition
| the displacement is reduced |
|
|
Term
| What tissue obstructs movement in derangement syndrome |
|
Definition
| displacement of articular tissue |
|
|
Term
| ___derangement is the model used to explain the dramatic and long-lasting detrimental or beneficial responses to movement and positioning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ is no loading strategies decrease, abolish or centratise symptoms |
|
Definition
| derangement syndrome irreducible |
|
|
Term
| ___ is loading strategies decrease, abolish, or centralize symptoms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___Pain only at limited end range |
|
Definition
| dysfunction adherent nerve root |
|
|
Term
| ___ is pain only on static loading, physical exam normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a person fails to meet a spinal mechanical classification then consider |
|
Definition
| stenosis, hip, SIJ, mechanical inconclusive, spondylo, chronic pain state |
|
|
Term
| Derrangement and dysfunction use what three principles |
|
Definition
| extension, flexion, and lateral |
|
|
Term
| Postural uses what principle |
|
Definition
| postural (skips by extension, flexion and lateral) |
|
|
Term
| ___phenomenon in which limb pain emanating from the spine is progressively abolished in a distal to proximal direction in response to therapeutic loading strategies….. indicates a good prognosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| occurs when distal symptoms are produced and remain or distal symptoms are made more severe by loading strategies without centralisation…. the prognosis is poor. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 principles of managment of derangement syndrome |
|
Definition
| achive reduction, maintain reduction, recover function, train the patient in prophylaxis |
|
|
Term
| ___ is achieved when the pain is centralized, the obstruction to motion is removed, and the condition remains better |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What syndrome is the intention of the treatment procedures is to produce the symptoms at end range in order to initiate a remodeling effect upon the adaptively shortened, scarred and/or fibrosed tissues. This is the “no pain, no gain” group. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the emphasis of treatment of dysfunction syndrome |
|
Definition
| to regain lost function due to the loss of tissue extensibility, and ultimately prophylactic training is emphasized |
|
|
Term
| What is the intent of treatment of postural syndromes |
|
Definition
| to educate the patient in the mechanism of pain production, and train the patient to correct the postural habits at fault. This includes correct postures when sitting, standing, and lying. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| peroneus longus and brevis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two basic techniques of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular facilitation |
|
Definition
| Contract relax, hold relax |
|
|
Term
| PNF stretching combine isometric and isotonic contractions and relaxing for periods of |
|
Definition
| 10 sec pushing phase followed by 10 second relaxing phase |
|
|
Term
| In ___ PNF the muscle is passively stretched to the point of resistance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In ___ PNF you begin with an isometric contraction, against resistance, of the muscle being stretched then relaxes that muscle and contracts the agonist of the muscle being stretched.at the same time the therapist is applying light pressure to produce maximal stretch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Full roataion of the head followed by maximum flexion will provide PNF of the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PNF of the ___ is when the head is flexed away from the side of stretch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Head is flexed forward and away from side of stretch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Head is rotated and flexed away from side of stretch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient with hip flexed and knee extended, doctor stands on the side of treating limb, cephalad hand on patella maintaing extension of the knee, patients leg supported on doc's shoulder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Modified thomas test with resistance towards torso |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| modified thomas test with resistance of leg hanging off outward |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| side lying and patient is resisted abduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foot crosses over the knee and doc is pressing towards pts head while they push back out |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| patient prone and leg is flexed and resistance is applied to push it back down |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| both knees flexed into the chest with the doctor applying pressure from knees down into the table |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What plays a key role in posture and spinal stabilization of the NMS system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is the importance of the axiom of the governing function more apparent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the three factors that control breathing mechanics |
|
Definition
| biomechanical, biochemical, psychosocial |
|
|
Term
| Biomechanical factors of breathing are |
|
Definition
| rib head fixations, upper/lower cross |
|
|
Term
| Biochemical factors of breathing are |
|
Definition
| allergy, poor diet, hormone influences, kidney problems |
|
|
Term
| Psychosocial factors of breathing are |
|
Definition
| chronic anxiety, anger, depression |
|
|
Term
| how many muscles are associated with respiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two most common muscles at fault for faulty respiration |
|
Definition
| scalenes, upper trapezius |
|
|
Term
| in repiratory faults the abdominal movement is |
|
Definition
| paradoxical (abs move "in") |
|
|
Term
| to train normal rhythm the patient should train it __ times |
|
Definition
2X per day for 10-20 breaths
Once per hour for 2-3 breaths |
|
|
Term
| : is the ability to move a single joint or series of joints smoothly and easily through an unrestricted, pain-free ROM |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of flexibility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| refers to the decrease or restricted motion. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the adaptive shortening of the muscle-tendon unit and other soft tissue that cross or surround a joint that results in significant resistance to passive or active stretch and limitation of ROM and it may compromise functional abilities. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| : is a sensory organ located near the musculotendinous junctures of muscle fibers. They function to monitor changes in tension of muscle-tendon units. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This occurs when tissue is taken to the end of its ROM, and gentile stretch is applied. There is complete recovery to original size and shape when load is released. |
|
Definition
| Elastic range or linear phase |
|
|
Term
| The point beyond which the tissue does not return to its original shape and size. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The range beyond the elastic limit extending to the point of rupture. Tissue strained in this range has permanent deformation when the stress is released. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rupture of the integrity of the tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a load is applied for an extended period of time, the tissue enlongates, resulting in permanent deformation….it is therefore time-dependent. Complete recovery from creep may occur over time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ROM is limited because soft tissues have lost their extensibility as the result of adhesions, contractures, scar tissue, causing functional limitations. |
|
Definition
| Indication for stretching |
|
|
Term
| Contraindications for stretching are |
|
Definition
A bony block limits joint motion.
Recent fracture
Evidence of acute inflammatory or infectious process.
There is sharp, acute pain with joint movement
Hematoma or other tissue trauma
Hypermobility
Shortened soft tissue provide necessary joint stability in lieu of normal structural stability.
Shortened soft tissues enable a patient with paralysis or severe muscle weakness to perform specific functional otherwise not possible. |
|
|
Term
| ___can improve flexibility and increase ROM. Injury prevention or risk reduction, prevention of post exercise muscle soreness, and enhanced performance also have been attributed to stretching. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the highest amount of proprioception is found in the |
|
Definition
| foot, spine, and upper cervical |
|
|
Term
| where was the first alignment injures studied and what were they called |
|
Definition
| sprained ankles "articular de-afferentation" by freeman |
|
|
Term
| joint pathology limits the joint in what areas |
|
Definition
| mechanical stability and it diminishes the quality of the restraint system rendering it unstable |
|
|
Term
| because of the loss of mechanical restraint from the injury the joint develops a |
|
Definition
| traumatic memory or muscle memory of dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| In order to restore dynamic stability, one must employ |
|
Definition
| simulated positions of vulnerability in a controlled and progressive manner |
|
|
Term
| what are three ways to evaluate for proprioception loss |
|
Definition
| stand bare feet eyes open then closed, then march with cross crawl with eyes open and closed |
|
|
Term
| exercise training of proprioception is specifically directed towards |
|
Definition
| conditioning and ordination of spinal structures for spinal balance |
|
|
Term
| what training stimulates the proprioceptive pathways for the muscles and joints |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proprioceptive training is designed to |
|
Definition
| stimulate mechanoreceptor afferents from the tissue site to the CNS to re-educate subcortical motor patterns. |
|
|
