Term
| Elements of the Communication Process |
|
Definition
Sender (Encoder) – delivers the message
Message (Content)– information given
Channel (Medium) – means of sending and receiving
Receiver/Decoder – can also be the sender
Feedback – communicates whether or not the receiver understands the message
Environment – climate in which the sending/receiving occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Written Communication
Verbal Communication
Non-Verbal Communication
Meta-communication (tone, physical cues) |
|
|
Term
| 85% of Communication? Examples? |
|
Definition
Non-Verbal Communication
Touch, eye contact, facial expressions
Posture, Gait, Gestures, Physical Appearance
Dress and Grooming
Sounds, Silence, Attention or Presence |
|
|
Term
| Social vs. Therapeutic Communication |
|
Definition
Social
Participants are meeting their own needs. Mutual companionship, enjoyment and interaction.
Therapeutic
Focuses on Patient
Is Goal Directed
Has Three Stages |
|
|
Term
| Stages of the Therapeutic Relationship? |
|
Definition
1. Orientation – get to know patient
2. Working – setting goals, instructing
3. Termination – end of therapeutic relationship |
|
|
Term
| 3 Parts of the Nurse-Patient Relationship |
|
Definition
Contract Setting
Advocacy
Circle of Confidentiality |
|
|
Term
| Ingredients of Therapeutic Communication |
|
Definition
Empathy
Positive Regard
Comfortable Sense of Self |
|
|
Term
| Closed Ended Questions? Begins with? Best used with? |
|
Definition
Answered with “yes” or “no” or other factual answer.
Begins with who, when, where, what, do [did, does].
“Did you take your meds today?”
Best used with patients who are very anxious or have communication difficulties |
|
|
Term
| Open Ended Questions? Best for? |
|
Definition
Best way to obtain subjective data
The interviewer is looking for lots of information
Allows patient to sort out thoughts
“Tell me about…” |
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic Communication Techniques? |
|
Definition
Restating: “So you’re saying that…”
Clarification: “Are you saying that…”
Reflecting: “So you start feeling depressed when no one calls you over the weekend.”
Focusing: “Let’s talk again about…”
Informing: “Take 1 pill at bedtime.”
Suggesting: “Have you thought about?...”
Confronting: “You say you’re OK but you’re crying”
Silence: |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Depersonalization
Generalizations
Cliches / False Reassurance
Why? How? – Probing Questions
Judgmental Comments
Changing subject
Gossip & Rumors
Personal Opinions / Advice Giving
Avoid medical terminology
Avoid Prying, Arguing, Defensiveness
“Pseudo-listening” |
|
|
Term
| Religion vs. Spirituality |
|
Definition
Religion: a “map” that outlines essential beliefs, values, and codes of conduct into a manner of living.
Spirituality: a “journey” that takes place over time and involves the accumulation of life experience and understanding. An attempt to find meaning, value and purpose in life. |
|
|
Term
| Some Factors Affecting Spiritual Health |
|
Definition
Lifespan and Cultural Considerations
Crisis and Change
Separation from spiritual ties
Moral issues regarding therapy
Inadequate or inappropriate care |
|
|
Term
| How to identify Altered Spiritual Function |
|
Definition
Verbalization of Distress
Altered Behavior |
|
|
Term
| In Assessment process look for value-belief pattern with what objective/subjective data? |
|
Definition
Normal Pattern Identification
Risk Identification
Dysfunction Identification
Objective Data
Spiritual/Religious belief system
Personal spirituality
Integration within a spiritual community
Ritualized practices and restrictions
Implications for medical care
Terminal events planning |
|
|
Term
| Example of nursing diagnosis with value-belief problem? There is also outcome identification, planning, implementation, intervention, and evaluation. |
|
Definition
Readiness for Enhanced Spiritual Well-Being
Impaired Religiosity
Risk for Impaired Religiosity
Decisional Conflict
Powerlessness
Hopelessness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Learned, patterned behavioral response
Shared by a community of people.
Beliefs, Attitudes, values, customs, norms, taboos, way of life, ways of communicating
Provides identity and a frame for interpreting information.
Ever changing and adapting
Most people unaware of effect their culture has on them |
|
|
Term
| Related Definitions to culture? |
|
Definition
Ethnocentrism-viewing your culture as best, only acceptable
Ethnicity-identity based on shared cutlure (I'm italian)
Minority-Different ethnic, racial, lingual, etc.
Race-biological characteristics as markers (physical characterisitcs)
Racism-uses skin color to discriminate
Subculture-way of life by group of people (goth, nursing,etc)
Stereotype-preconcieved and untested beliefs about people |
|
|
Term
| Cultural Variation examples? |
|
Definition
Physical Variation
Personal hygiene
Health practices
Family structure
Religious or Cultural Rituals
Meaning of Birth, Illness, Death
Food Preferences and Tolerance
Communication
Expressing Pain
Personal Space and Touch
Time Orientation |
|
|
Term
| Steps of the nursing process? |
|
Definition
1.Assessment: Use Gordons
2. Diagnosis
3. Outcome: What are the outcomes I want to see I.E. no fever in 3 days
4. Planning: What to do so doesn't happen
5. Implementation: Use Plan
6. Evaluation |
|
|
Term
| What is the nursing process? |
|
Definition
| The Nursing Process…”is an organized, systematic method of giving individualized nursing care that focuses on identifying and treating unique responses of individuals or groups to actual or potential alterations in health.” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Initial or Admission Assessment: Initial complaint
Shift or Ongoing Assessment: during shift
Focused Assessment:see bruise, ask about it. What to focus on (move arm, it hurts, etc.)
Special Needs Assessment: fall risk, braiden scale (skin breakdown) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Subjective (symptoms)
Gathered primarily during the interview or Health History
Best documented in “quotes”
Objective (signs)
Gathered primarily during the Physical Exam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*Cognitive (Intellectual)
Educational Interventions (knowing info , how to treat patient
Supervisory Interventions: managing, deligating, teaching family
*Interpersonal (Psychosocial)
Coordinating Interventions:patient advocate (call social services)
Supportive Interventions:Theraputic use of self, religion, etc.
Psychosocial Interventions:resolving emotional, social emotional problems
*Technical (Psychomotor)
Maintenance Interventions:
Surveillance Interventions:What to look for when monitorling
Psychomotor Interventions
*Interventions for Collaborative Problems
Physician Orders: PRN as needed Or doesn't do this by this time get this.
Collaborative Problems:concerned with issues need doctor to diagnose |
|
|
Term
| When delegating make sure? |
|
Definition
Right Task
Right Circumstance
Right Person
Right Communication
Right Supervision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Review Goals/Outcomes
Collect Data
Measure Goals Achievement using judgment criteria
Goal Met
Goal Partially Met
Goal Not Met
Revise or Modify Plan of Care |
|
|
Term
| Why have outcomes not been achieved? |
|
Definition
Wrong Diagnosis
Wrong Goals
Wrong Interventions
Patient Unable |
|
|
