Term
is everyday nonscientific data collection that shapes our expectations and beliefs, and influences our social behavior.
a. Commonsense psychology
b. Good thinking
c. Intuition
d. The scientific mentality |
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Definition
a. Commonsense psychology
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Term
Commonsense psychology often when they try to account for the behavior of others.
a. overlook traits
b. overestimate situational causes
c. prefer trait explanations over situational explanations
d. underestimate behavioral consistency across situations |
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Definition
| c. prefer trait explanations over situational explanations |
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Term
Since Tim belongs to a Bible study group, a classmate mistakenly assumes that he doesn't drink alcoholic beverages and always votes Republican. This example of nonscientific inference illustrates
a. confirmatory bias.
b. overconfidence bias.
c. stereotyping.
d. the gambler's fallacy. |
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Definition
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Term
Bama keeps playing the same slot machine because it has not paid off during the last 2 hours. His behavior demonstrates the phenomenon of
a. confirmatory bias.
b. overconfidence bias.
c. stereotyping.
d. the gambler's fallacy. |
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Definition
| d. the gambler's fallacy. |
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Term
Data are empirical when they are
a. observable.
b. verifiable through investigation.
c. experienced.
d. observable or experiences, and verifiable through investigation. |
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Definition
| d. observable or experiences, and verifiable through investigation. |
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Term
Explanations of events are called law when they
a. apply to all situations.
b. apply to most, but not all, situations.
c. are supported by a majority of studies.
d. provide interim explanations. |
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Definition
| a. apply to all situations. |
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Term
Theories are explanations of events that
a. apply to all situations.
b. are supported by a majority of studies.
c. provide interim explanations.
d. are supported by a majority of studies and provide interim explanations. |
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Definition
| d. are supported by a majority of studies and provide interim explanations. |
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Term
"Occam's razor" is another name for
a. good thinking.
b. self-correction.
c. the principle of parsimony.
d. the scientific mentality. |
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Definition
| c. the principle of parsimony. |
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Term
involves changes in scientific explanations and theories as we acquire new information.
a. Good thinking
b. Self-correction
c. The principle of parsimony
d. The scientific mentality |
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Definition
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Term
Science replaces old explanations and theories when
a. new explanations and theories receive greater support.
b. they are proven to be completely false.
c. new explanations and theories are proven to be completely true.
d. new explanations and theories attempt to explain a broader range of phenomena. |
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Definition
| a. new explanations and theories attempt to explain a broader range of phenomena. |
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