Term
| Why did the Chesapeake colonies not prosper during the earliest years of settlement? |
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Definition
Poor governance in early Virginia led to starvation and hostilities with the Powhatan Indians. Established in 1634 as a refuge for Catholics, Maryland's early politics were plagued by religious tensions that led to large-scaled violence.
Both colonies imported young, male indentured servants as laborers and suffered high mortality rates from disease. This resulted in unruly societies with few stable families. |
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Term
| What role did differences in religion play in the founding of the New England colonies? |
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Definition
| Religious persecution drove thousands of Puritans to New England. John Winthrop hoped the settlers would reform Protestantism. The Puritans were not religiously tolerant. They exiled Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson to Rhode Island for their religious beliefs. Stable nuclear families and good health helped Puritans avoid social turmoil. |
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Term
| How did the ethnic diversity shape the development of the Middle Colonies? |
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Definition
| The English conquered the Dutch colony of New Netherlands, renaming it New York. The Dutch remained an influential minority in the colony, and ethnic rivalries shaped the politics of New York. William Penn, a Quaker, established Pennsylvania and guaranteed to respect all Christian settlers' liberty of conscience, freedom of religion/from persecution, and due process of law. |
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Term
| What did the English crown intend when they established the colonies? |
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Definition
| Each colony established had a completely separate and different purpose, creating a disunity among the colonies and distinct regional identities. |
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Term
| What were some of the reasons people were moving to America? |
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Definition
1. to establish and found a purer form of worship
2. to own and improve land
2. escape bad marriages, jail terms, and POVERTY |
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Term
| What was Richard Hakluyt's role in migration to America? |
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Definition
| He wrote books that depicted the New World to hold unmeasurable resources and wealth that could supply England with materials they would usually purchase from rivals. |
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Term
| How did the English government deal with the difficulty of finding funds for voyages to America? |
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Definition
| The joint-stock company was created, it was a business organization in which people could invest without fear of bankruptcy. |
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Term
| What were the problems within the Virginia colony? |
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Definition
| Established in 1607 by the Virginia Company to create plantations in Virginia. Settlers expected instant wealth. No one took orders and many were invested in personal interests while disease, war, and famine ravaged the colony. The imbalanced sex-ratio made the creation of families difficult. |
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Term
| What was John Smith's role in Jamestown? |
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Definition
| Smith brought order to the colony and made sure no one received special privilege. |
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Term
| How did the Virginia Company deal with the problems in the colony? |
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Definition
| A new charter was established that stated all commercial and political decisions rested with the company. |
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Term
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Definition
| The discovery of tobacco by John Rolfe. |
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Term
| What reforms did Edwin Sandys make to the Virginia company? |
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Definition
| To promote private investors to develop estates in Virginia, Sandys promised an elective representative assembly, the House of Burgesses, and implemented the headright system. Headright - 50 acres of land would be granted to colonists who covered their own means of transportation. |
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Term
| What were indentured servants? |
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Definition
| People who traded servitude for transportation. They were promised clothes, tools, and an allotted amount of land. |
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Term
| What did the Puritans believed? |
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Definition
| Puritans committed to radical institutional change and believed that the Church of England needed to eliminate unscriptual elements. Church and government needed to be purified. |
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Term
| How did Massachusetts Bay differ from Virginia? |
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Definition
| People migrated as nuclear families making the sex-ratio more balance. Life expectancy increased due to clean water and healthy climate. Settlers were bound by a common sense of purpose. |
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Term
| What kind of government was established in the Bay? |
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Definition
| Colonists formed a church government, Congregationalism, where each church was independent. |
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Term
| What caused the exile of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson? |
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Definition
| They undermine the fabric that held the Bay colony together, their religion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The fact that most settlers came from Barbados and carved out plantations, establishing slavery system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Georgia was meant as an aggression against Spain, while playing as an asylum and garrison from debtors' prison. Colonists demanded slaves to economically compete with SC. |
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