Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pysch Final Chapter 13
N/A
94
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
04/25/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
When do children begin to develop freindships/ peers are seento have special qualities??
Definition
3
Term
For 3 yo,what is the focus of friendships?
Definition
doing things togetherand playing jointly
Term
Older preschoolers pay more attention to
Definition
trust, support ,shared interests
Term
Play help preschoolers develop
Definition
socially,cognitively, and physically
Term
functional play
Definition
simple, repetitive activities typical of 3 yo. doing something active rather than creating something
Term
Constructive play
Definition
manipulate objects to produce or build something (by age 4)
Term
Constructive play helps children
Definition
develop fine muscle movements, physical and cognitive skills. gain experience in solving problems
Term
who came parallel play, onlooker play, associative play, and cooperative play?
Definition
Mildred Parten
Term
parallel play
Definition
children play with similar toys, in a similar manner, but do not interact with each other
Term
onlooker play
Definition
childern watch each other play but do not participate themselves
Term
associative plaY
Definition
two or more children interact with each other by sharing or borrowing toys or material
Term
cooperative play
Definition
chilren genuinely play with each other
Term
Vygotsky argued
Definition
pretend play is important for cognitive skills. Able to practice for the real world
Term
How do friends influence development?
Definition
provide child with info about outside world
provide emotional support torespond effectively to stress
teach them how to control emotions, communicate, and foster intellectual growth
Term
Three stages of friendship
Definition
1. based friendship on others behavior
2. based friendship on trust
3. based friendshyip on psychological closeness
Term
Satge 1
Definition
see friends as others who like them and with whom they share their toys and time with. Do not consider others personal qualities, Choose friends that exhibit pleasant behavior
Term
Stage 1 ages
Definition
4-7
Term
Stage 2
Definition
involvees taking others personal qualities and traits as well as rewards they provide into consideration. Mutual trust
Term
Stage 2 ages
Definition
8-10
Term
Stage 3
Definition
shift towards intimacy and loyalty
Term
Stage 3 ages
Definition
11-15, will hold in adolescence
Term
Does the segregation of gender occur in all societies?
Definition
Yes
Term
dominance hiearchy
Definition
boys put themselve intoa rigid social structure in middle school
Term
retrictive play
Definition
interactions are interrupted when a guy feels like his status is being questioned
Term
Boys tend to play in
Definition
bursts
Term
girls focus on
Definition
pairing off into "best friends" and focus less on differences but on equal-status friendships
Term
Peers
Definition
individuals that are at the same level of maturity
Term
Peers are most important in
Definition
adolescence
Term
Why?
Definition
- help satisfy personal interests and provide info
- Groups provide prestige
-provide a means for social comparison
-fill the need to belong
Term
reference groups
Definition
provide sense of norms
Term
two tyes of groups kadolescents belong to
Definition
cliques and crowds
Term
cliques
Definition
groups of 2-12 people whose members have frequest social interactions with on another
Term
crowds
Definition
larger, comprosing of individuals who share articular characteristics but do not interactwith each other
Term
In later years of adolescence, cliques become
Definition
less stable
Term
sex cleavage
Definition
sex segregation
Term
As puberty occurs, sex cleavage
Definition
disappears
Term
Cliques and crowds become____ at end of adolescence
Definition
les influential
Term
adolesencents seek
Definition
autonomy, independence, and control over thie life
Term
At start of adolescence, balance of power between kid and parents tends to be
Definition
assymetrical
Term
At end of adolescence, balance of power tends to be
Definition
symmetrical
Term
Generation gap
Definition
a deep divide between parents and children in attitudes, values, aspirations, and woldviews
Term
Is the feneration gap real>
Definition
no
Term
What deterimines ppopularity?
Definition
personal qualities
Term
In a wstern culture, popularity is associated with
Definition
extroversion
Term
in an asian culture, popularity is associated with
Definition
introversion
Term
controversial adolescencents
Definition
liked by some disliked by others
Term
rejected adolescents
Definition
uniformly disliked
Term
nelgected adolecsencets
Definition
neither liked nor disliked
Term
During adulthood, people form friendships through
Definition
-proximity
-similarity
-personal qualities
Term
Older adults see friends as
Definition
more important than dfamily
Term
Howmany older adults saythey made a new friend in the past year?
Definition
1/3
Term
Late adulthood improtance of friendships
Definition
-Control
-More flexible than family ties
Increasing likelihood over time that one will be without a maritial partner
Term
social support
Definition
assistance and comfort suppliedby a network of caring, interested people
Term
hwomuch does it cost to raise one child?
Definition
300,000
Term
three ways to decrease stress after birth of child
Definition
work to build relationship with partner, take an interest in the partner's life, consider problems as controllabel
Term
Coparenting team
Definition
parents who thoughtfully adopt child rearing goals and strategies
Term
Howmany families are headed by a single paretn?
Definition
1/3
Term
How many children live with their mom?
Definition
23%
Term
How many children live with their dad?
Definition
5%
Term
How many children live with niethedr of their parents?
Definition
4%
Term
What percent of African American children live in single parent households?
Definition
65%
Term
Hispanic children?
Definition
37%
Term
How many people are there in a household/
Definition
2.6
Term
What percent of chidren are cared fr by other adults while their parents work (under age of three)
Definition
50%
Term
Today, most people seek to have no more than ___ children
Definition
2
Term
How monay women with school age children work?
Definition
3/4
Term
By what age do kids feel the need to take sides after a divorce?
Definition
10
Term
Multigenerational families
Definition
grandparents,great grandparents, ect, live with family
Term
empty nest syndrome
Definition
parents experinces unhappiness, worry, loneliness, and depression stemming from their child's departure from home
Term
boomerang children
Definition
come back home after leaving
Term
How many young adults live with thier parents?
Definition
14%
Term
sandwhich generation
Definition
feel sqeezed between needs of parents and needs of children
Term
how many childrenlive within a 30 minute drive of parents?
Definition
75%
Term
3 typing of grandparentsing
Definition
involved
companionate
remote
Term
Involved
Definition
actively engaged and have influence over grandchildresn lives
Term
Companionate
Definition
act as supporters and buddies rather than taking responsibility
Term
remote
Definition
detachedand distant
Term
Name the 6 basic paths of retirement
Definition
continuers
involved spectators
adventurers
searchers
easy gliders
retreaters
Term
continuers
Definition
volunteer to remain active in pre-retirement work
Term
involved spectators
Definition
take back-seat rols in staying connected with previous fields
Term
adventurers
Definition
use retirement time to explore new fields of work
Term
searchers
Definition
try different activiities
Term
easy gliders
Definition
dont fret about retirement, take each day as it omes
retreaters
Term
retreaters
Definition
become depressed and stop searching for a meaningful path
Term
How many people 65 and older live in poverty?
Definition
10%
Term
Are men or women more likely to live in poverty?
Definition
women
Term
How many elderly women who are alone live in poverty
Definition
1/4
Term
The avedrage older person spends how much of their income on healthcare?
Definition
20%
Term
How many people live in nursing homes?
Definition
5%
Term
continuing care community
Definition
offer environment where all resdents are retirement age and oler
Term
adult day-care facilities
Definition
recieve care during the day, spend nights and weekends athome
Term
skilled-nursing facilities
Definition
provide full-time nursing care
Term
institutionalism
Definition
a psychological state in whichpeople deveope apathy, indfifference, and a lack of caring about themselves.
Term
institutionalism is brought on by
Definition
learned helplessness
Supporting users have an ad free experience!