Term
| Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
| hormone regulated by the hyphothalamus and released by the pituitary gland that increases the permeability of the distal tubule and the collecting duct in the nephrons of the kidneys, allowing more water to be reabsorbed into the blood from the filtrate (9.3) |
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| in the kidney, cap-like formation at the top of each nephron that serves as a filtration structure; surrounds the glomerulus (9.1) |
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in the kidneys, large, pipe-like channel arising from the tubule connected to the Bowman's capsule in the nephron; functions as a water-conservation device, reabsorbing water from the filtrate in the nephron (9.1) |
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a disorder characterized by excessive thirst, weakness, and heavy and frequent urination due to insufficient levels of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) (9.3) |
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| in the kidney, tubular portion of the nephron that lies between the loop of Henle and the proximal tubule; main function is reabsorption of water and solutes, and secretion of various substances (9.2) |
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| process of separating wastes from body fluids and eliminating them from the body; performed by several body systems, including respiratory (excretes carbon dioxide and small amounts of other gases, including water vapour), skin(excretes water, salts, and some urea in perspiration), digestive (excretes water salts, lipids, and a variety of pigments and other cellular chemicals), and excretory (excretes metabolic wastes that are dissolved or suspended in solution) systems (9.1) |
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Definition
| in animals, the system that regulates the volume and compostion of body fluids by excreting metabolic wastes and recycling some substances for reuse, main organs include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra; also known as the urinary system (9.1) |
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| in the kidney, filtered fluid that proceeds from the glomerulus into the Bowman's capsule of the nephron (9.1) |
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in the kindey, process that results in the movement of water and solutes, except protein, from the blood plasma into the nephron down a pressure gradient (9.2) |
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Definition
| in the kidney, a fine network of capillaries withing the Bowman's capsule of the nephron; arising from the renal artery, the walls of the glomerlus act as a fliltration device (9.1) |
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| type of renal (kidney) dialysis that utilizes an artificial membrane in an external device and is connected to an artery and a vein in a person's arm to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood when kidney function is lost due to a renal failure (9.3) |
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| in the kidney, tubular portion of the nephron that lies between the proximal tubule and the distal tubule; main function is reabsorption of water and ions (9.2) |
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| microscopic tube-like filtration unit found in the kidneys that filters and reabsorbs various substances from the blood; produces urine (9.1) |
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| cell that is sensitive to osmotice pressure; most are located inthe hypothalamus of the brain (9.3) |
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| type of renal (kidney) dialysis that utilizes the lining of the intestines, called the peritoneum, as the dialysis membrane to remove waste and excess fluid from the blood when kidney function is lost due to renal failure (9.3) |
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Definition
| in the kidney, tubular portion of the nephron that lies between the Bowman's capsule and the loop of Henle; main function is reasborption of water and solutes, as well as secretion of hydrogen ions (9.2) |
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| blood vessels that orginates from the aorta and delivers blood to the kidneys; splits into a fine network of capillaries (the glomerulus) within the Bowman's capsule of the nephron (9.1) |
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| general term used to describe the stae in which the kidneys cannot maintain homeostasis due to nephron damage (9.3) |
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| blood vessel that drains from the kidney; returns to the body the solutes and water reabsorbed by the kidney (9.1) |
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Definition
| in the kidney, process in which water and useful solutes are reabsorbed from the filtrate in the nephron and transported into capillaries for reuse aby the body (9.2) |
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| in the kidney, process that moves additional wastes and excess substances from the blood into the filtrate in the nephron; uses mainly active transport (9.2) |
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| in mammals, a pair of muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder (9.1) |
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| the tube through which urine exits the bladder and the body (9.1) |
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| organ where urine is stored before being discharged by the way of the urethra (9.1) |
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| in the kidneys, filtrate of the nephron upon leaving the collecting duct; exits the body through the urethra (9.2) |
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| in the kidney, process which removes water from the filtrate in the nephron and returns it to the blood for reuse by body systems (9.2) |
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