Term
Pulmonary drugs can be
Local
or Systemic |
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Definition
Local= Asthma, Mucolytes, Cystic Fibrosis, Respiratory Distress syndrome
Systemic=Afrezza(insulin powder inhaler recomb human insulin), ADASUVE (loxapine restricted use for schizo) |
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Term
2 main methods drug delivery
[image] |
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Definition
Intratracheal
[rare,,,,drug liquid instilled into trachea fro deeper distribution]
Aerosol Inhalation [intartracheally or oral inahaled] |
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Term
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Definition
| dry powder or propellant driven |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
upper air way[nose and nasal cavity]
tracheo-bronchial tree[gas exchange] |
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Term
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Definition
ciliated epithelia
[pseudostratified ciliated columnar/w/ goblet cells]
mucus= similar composition and func to that of nasal cavity
[prevents dehydration,traps foreign particles]
[MUCOCILIARY ESCALATOR] |
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Term
| SURFACE LINING LAYER COVERS __________WHERE MACROPHAGES ROAM FREELY |
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Definition
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Term
| tHESE REGIONS ARE LINED WITH PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL PULMONARY CELLS AND GOBLET CELLS |
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Definition
LARYNX
TRACHEA
NASOPHARYNX
NASAL CAVITY
BRONCHI |
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Term
fATE OF RX AT THESE SITES
OROPHARYNX
TRACHEOBRONCHIAL REGION
ALVEOLI |
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Definition
OROPHARYNX= SOME ABSORPTION POSSIBLE,SOME RX WILL GO TO GI TRACT[***SUBJECT TO HEPATIC 1ST PASS]
TRACHEOBRONCHIAL REGION= NO HEPATIC 1ST PASS,TO PHARYNX THEN GI.RX DEPOSITS IN MUCUS,SOME SYS ABS
ALVEOLI= DRUG DEPOSITS IN SLL[SURFACE LINING LAYER] |
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Term
| WHICH PULMONARY REGION IS SUBJECT TO HEPATIC FIRST PASS????? |
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Definition
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Term
SMALLER AERODYNAMIC DIAMETER WILL
[BASED ON SIZE,SHAPE DENSITY] |
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Definition
PENETRATE FURTHER IN LUNGS
EXTRATHOCIC=>10
UPPER TRACHEOBRONCHIAL=5-10
BRONCHIOLES,ALVEOLAR DUCT,ALVEOLI= 1-5
ALVEOLAR OR EXHALATION OF PARTICLE= SUBMICRON |
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Term
| INC PARTICLE VELOCITY MEANS_________ |
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Definition
INCREASED IMPACTION
(particle not able to bend with airstream,,,just goes straight) |
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Term
RAPID SHALLOW BREATHING FAVORS _____ DEPOSIION
SLOW DEEP BREATHING FAVORS |
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Definition
TRACHEOBRONCHIAL PENETRATION
DEEPER PENETRATION |
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Term
| HOLDING THE BREATH FAVORS |
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Definition
| SEDIMANTATION AND DIFFUSION |
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Term
| PULMONARY = POOR DRUG EFFICIENCY _____ ENDS UP IN ____________ |
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Definition
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Term
PROPELLANTS AR NONPOLAR
EX: OF PROPELLANTS ARE>>>>> |
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Definition
HFA 134
CFC(NOT USED ANYMORE,BREAKS DOWN FASTER IN ATMOSPHERE) |
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Term
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Definition
3 ATM
[COME IN SOL AND SUSP]
SOL COSOLVENT = ETHANOL
SUSP
[MORE COMMON DUE TO POOR SOLUBLE DRUGS]
[MUST BEMICRONIZED] |
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Term
EXCIPIENTS OF MDI:
dISPERSING AGENTS AND SUSPENDING AGENTS |
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Definition
SURFACTANTS: OLEIC ACID, SOYA LECITHIN(CAN PREVENT PARTICLE ADHESION)
POVIDONE
COSOLVENTS:ETHANOL |
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Term
| DOSE REDUCTION CAN OCCUR WHEN____ |
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Definition
INHALER [HFA] IS DROPPED
(2-4 SPRAYS TO PRIME INHALER) |
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Term
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Definition
1ST USE
AFTER DROPPING
AFTER CLEANING |
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Term
| SPACERS SLOW ACTUATION TO ABOUT ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
REDUCE PARTICLE SIZE
PRODUCE BETTER CLOUD FOR RESPIRATION
REDUCE AEROSOL VELOCITY
MAKE MDI EASIER TO USE FOR PT
REDUCE OROPHARYNG DEPOSITION
[SOUND WHEN INHALING INDICATES BREATING IS TOO FAST] |
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Term
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Definition
ANTISTATIC
FLOW INDICATOR(SOUND IF TOO FAST)
VOLUME
ANTISTATIC COATING
PRESENCE OF VALVES
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Term
VORTEX(AEROCHAMBER)
AEROCHAMBER-HC
AEROMASK ES
AEROCHAMBER VALVE HOLDING DEVICE
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE & SALMETEROL XINAFOATE
MICRONIZED SUSP
NO EXCIPIENTS |
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Term
| COMBIVENT AND SPIRIVA ARE _____ AND ___________ |
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Definition
RESPIMAT INHALERS
LIQUID METERED DOSE INHALERS
cOMBIVENT=IPRATROPIUM BROMIDE & ALBUTEROL
SPIRIVA=TIOTROPIUM BROMIDE
[SOFTER AND SLOWER AEROSOL THAN pMDI]
[SPRING MECH]
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Term
| SMALL POWDERS TEND TO _________ |
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Definition
GET MORE ADHESIVE AND COHESIVE
(THIS IS PROBLEM WITH DPIs) |
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Term
| DPIs ARE _______ TO THE APPROPRIATE SIZE THEN HAVE A CARRIER POWDER USUALLY______&____ |
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Definition
MICRONIZED
LACTOSE & GLUCOSE
(LARGE AND LESS RESPIRABLE) |
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Term
| UNIT DOSE DPIs=hard gel capsule with powder punctured |
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Definition
ROTAHALER=CAPSULE BROKEN OPEN IN DEVICE [VENTOLIN]
HANDIHALER=CAPSULE PUNCTURED ON SIDE INSIDE DEVICE [SPIRIVA]
AEROLIZER= CAP PUNCTURED ON EACH END IN DEVICE
[FORADIL=formoterolfumarate] |
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Term
| MULTI UNIT- DOSE INHALERS = several doses loaded in at same time[PIERCED BEFORE INHALED] |
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Definition
DISKHALER= CONTAINS CIRCULAR DISK THAT CONTAINS POWDER CHARGES PACKED SEPERATE IN ALUMINUM
[RELENZA=zanamivir w/ lactose]
DISKUS = powders contained w/in a blister strip
[SEREVENT=salmeterol xinafoate w/ lactose]
[ADVAIR DISKUS= fluticasone propionate & salmeterol xinafoate w/ lactose] |
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Term
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Definition
pulmicort flexhaler[micronized budesonide w/micronized lactose]
foradil certihaler[formoterol furoate]
asmanex twisthaler[micronized mometasone furoate w/ lactose] 45 day shelf life
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Term
| small volume nebulizer tx |
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Definition
Tx time 7-10 mins
two type=
[air jet nebs=air mist EX:PARI LL NEBULIZER]
[ultrasonic= piezoelectric crystals vibrate when electrically excited.waves make geysers] |
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Term
| small volume nebulizer tx |
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Definition
Tx time 7-10 mins
two type=
[air jet nebs=air mist EX:PARI LL NEBULIZER]
[ultrasonic= piezoelectric crystals vibrate when electrically excited.waves make geysers] |
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Term
| nebulizer (generally isotonic solutions) |
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Definition
1-10% rx make it to lungs
lot of rx adheres to device
may denature protein drugs
between brands generate diff particle sizes
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Term
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Definition
glycerin
propylene glycol |
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Term
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Definition
above 5
inc risk of bronchiospasm below 5
solutions w/out preservatives are for single use
neb must be sterile |
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Term
pt populations
MDI
DPI
NEBULIZER |
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Definition
MDI=OLDER THAN 3 YRS W/ SPACER,,,,
OLDER THAN 7 W/OUT SPACER
DPI=3-4 YRS OLD
NEBULIZER=VERY YOUNG OR VERY OLD |
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Term
DRUGS SHUD BE THIS SIZE TO GET INTO THE LUNGS
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Definition
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