Term
| What is external respiration? |
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Definition
| *Everything outside the body up until gas enters the blood stream through the lungs |
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Term
| What is internal respiration? |
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Definition
| *Gas going to blood stream for cells to make ATP |
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Term
| What is the goal of respiration? |
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Definition
*To make ATP for using energy from phosphate bonds
*Occurs d/t krebs (citric acid cycle) or oxidative (B-oxidation) phosphorylation |
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Term
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Definition
*The sum of the individual gases in the container = the total pressure in the system
*Force is applied when molecule bounces off wall
*Every force has a magnitude (amount) and a vector (direction) |
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Term
| How much in mmHg is 1 atmosphere or the pressure at "Miami beach" or sea level? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why can warmer hair "hold" more water? |
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Definition
*Molecules are moving faster and offers a greater opportunity for molecules to get in and more space available
*Warmer = more energy for water to leave liquid state to gaseous state |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How much oxygen can you dissolve in 100mL of blood? |
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Definition
| *Solubility: 0.003mL O2/ (100mL blood/1mmHg pO2) |
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Term
| What is the pp of water that saturates 37 degrees at 100% humidity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The pO2 must drop from above _____ torr to _____ torr to lose the 1st O2 from Hgb. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the p50 on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve? |
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Definition
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Term
| A decrease in Hgb affects the O2 ___________. |
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Definition
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Term
What is the PO2 at which blood is:
a. 100% saturated
B. 90% saturated
C. 75% saturated
D. 50% saturatred |
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Definition
A. 100 pO2
B. 60 pO2
C. 40pO2
D. 27pO2 |
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Term
| When are the 3rd and 4th hgb utilized? |
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Definition
| *When the pO2 is REALLY low- 10-27 torr |
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Term
| A decrease in pH will ______ p50. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is replaced in fetal hemoglobin? |
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Definition
*B chains, which results in a shift to the left.
*Fetus isn't breathing so circulating maternal blood from the placenta. The low p50 enables infant to be able to bind and extract from blood via diffusion. |
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Term
| What is the approx. saturation in the fetus? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is CO2 distributed throughout your body? |
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Definition
*5% is dissolved
*30% Carbamino compounds
*65% Bicarbonate ion |
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Term
| What CO2 storage method is the primary method for moving CO2 out of the tissue beds and to the lung? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does carbonic anhydrase do? |
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Definition
| *Speeds up the formation of H2CO3 from H2O and dCO2 |
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Term
| What is HCO3 exchanged with in the RBC? What is this called? |
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Definition
*Exchanged with Cl-
*Cl- diffuses into the RBC and causes a negative "chloride shift" or the "hamburger phenomena" |
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Term
| At what level of hemoglobin reduction do you turn blue? |
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Definition
*Can turn blue with a 5gm/dL reduced Hgb
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Term
| What saturations and hbg does a child, Adult, "DRH patient", and a CRF or Trauma pt turn blue? |
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Definition
Hgb reduced by 5g/dL
*Child: 20g/dL (normal)- Sat 75%
*Adult: 15g/dL- Sat 66%
*DRH: 10g/dL- Sat 50%
*CRF/Trauma: 5-0 g/dL- Sat will be zero before blue |
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Term
| True or False: Pulse oximetry is a very poor measurement and varies greatly depending on O2 sat |
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Definition
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