Term
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Definition
-catalysts that increase the rate of a chemical rxn (not the equilibrium)
- contain an active site with 3D surface to complement substrate
- Binds substrate to form Enzyme-Subst Complex (ES)
- ES converts to to enzyme product (EP) complex |
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Term
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Definition
| Active enzyme with its nonprotein component (aka coenzyme). An apoenzyme refers to an enzyme in its inactive state. |
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Term
Enzyme Regulation:
activation or inhibition
compartmentalization |
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Definition
enzyme will be active or inactive with its coenzyme binded or not binded
compartmentalization allows enzyme to have certain spots activated for different settings (like different pHs) |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes work as catalysts to lower the Ea (activation energy) of a chemical reaction, so that the rxn may be carried out faster by reaching the transition state (between reactants and products) much faster! |
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Term
| Factors that affect Reaction Rate |
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Definition
1. Substrate Concentration: More substrate will increase rate until saturation (Vmax) is reached
2. Temperature: rxn may increase with temp, or can decrease (degenerate) if optimal temp is low
3. pH optimum : differs for different enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
Vmax: saturation
Km: 1/2 Vmax; enzyme's affinity for the substrate |
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Term
| Competitive Inhibitor effect on Km |
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Definition
will increase Km for a given substance, therefore decreasing affinity for the enzyme to take substrate
Examples:
-Lipitor
- errochelatasecatalyzestheinsertion of Fe2+into protoporphyrin, sensitive to inhibition by lead.
insecticides |
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