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Public Policy Test
American Government
16
Social Studies
10th Grade
03/15/2012

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Cards

Term
Income Tax
Definition
Governments biggest source of revenue. Is levied on a persons taxable income. Is a progressive tax, (a tax based on a taxpayers ability to pay, people with higher income pay more taxes), due April 15.
Term
Taxable Income
Definition
The total income of an individual minus certain deductions and exemptions. Ex. charity donations, state/local taxes, mortagage...etc.
Term
Withholding
Definition
When employeers withhold a certain amount of money from the workers wages so they don't havve to pay a large payment anually for taxes.
Term
Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
Definition
 A Bureau of the U.S  Treasury Department, collects taxes and checks each return. They also audit, or check more closely, a small amount of returns. They also investigate suspected criminal violations of tax laws.
Term
Social Insurance Taxes
Definition
Taxes collected to pay for major social programs like Medicare, Social Security, and unemployment compensation programs.
Term
Regressive Taxes
Definition
Taxes were people with low income usually pay a larger portion of their income for taxes than people with higher income.
Term
Excise Taxes
Definition
Luxury taxes; taxes on the manufacture, transportation, sale, or consumption of goods and the performance of services. Ex. Tobacco, alcohol, oil, gas
Term
Custom Duties
Definition
Taxes levied on goods imported into the U.S. The federal government imposses these taxes to raise revenue or to protect the nations industries, businesses, and agriculture, from foreign competition.
Term
Protective Tariff
Definition
A high customs duty, raises the price of foreign goods to make them less competative to American goods.
Term
Estate Tax
Definition
Taxes collected by the federal government on the property and money above a set amount when someone dies.
Term
Tax Loopholes
Definition
Tax exemptions , favor certain groups and encourages activities such as oil exploration.
Term
Tax Reform of 1986
Definition
Reagan reduced various tax deductions, tax credits, tax shelters, and the number or tax brackets.
Term
Tax credits
Definition
Allow taxpayes to reduce their income tax liability. Generally for people in lower income brackets.
Term
Securities
Definition
The government borrows using securities, or bonds, notes, and certificates the government sells with intrest. In addition to taxes.
Term
National Debt
Definition
The accumulated money the government borrows.
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