Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
-Changing Environment: The Introduction P364-365 |
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Definition
States that:
A. Our Technology oriented lifestyle-->new information society-->better quality of life
B. "Age old question: the ability to communicate equals a quality communication experience.
C. In conclusion: Does this excess of information truly inform? |
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Term
Issue 18: Are people better informed in the information society?
Linda Jackson: Yes
What is the summary, found on P 364, of her stance? |
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Definition
"Does Home Internet Use Influence that Academic Performance of Low-Income children?"
Jackson conducted a 16 month survey of Internet use by youth age 10 to 18 in low income homes.
The youth who used internet more had higher:
-scores on reading achievement standardized tests
-higher GPAs
Conclusion: This work supports the optimism surrounding the Internet as a tool to level the educational playing field. |
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Term
Issue 18: Are people better informed in the information society?
Mark Bauerlein: No
What is the summary, found on P 364, of his stance? |
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Definition
"The Dumbest Generation: How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes our Future"
Mark Bauerlein finds the hopes fora better educated youth in the digital age to be an empty promise.
- Youth spend too much time using their computer and TV.
-The information age has failed to produce a well informed public.
-We have a nation of know nothings who don't read, follow politics, or vote--and who can't compete internationally. |
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Term
Issue 18
Jackson: Yes
-Previous Findings |
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Definition
A. (P366) K through 12, analytic review of over 500 studies found:
*computer tutoring applications have a positive effect on the children's achievement test scores
B. (P366) Subrahmanyam:Computer use does contribute to cognitive skills, specifically to visual skills. Video games: b/c of multiple activities occurring at simultaneously-->improve visual intelligence skills.
C. (P367) The presence of educational resources in the home, computers, is a strong predictor of academic success in mathmatics and science. |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson:YES
-Hypothesis |
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Definition
1. Greater home internet use will be associated with better academic performance in the months that follow than will less home internet use.
*More home internet=better grades
2.Children will spend between 3 hours weekly and one hour daily using the internet at home.
3.The internet will more often be used for information than for communication.
*Information>communication
4. African American children and younger children will use the internet less than will European American children and older children, respectively.
*African American&Young< European American & older
5. Girls will use the internet's communication tools more than boys will; boys will use the internet's information tools more than girls.
*Internet Communication Use: Girls>Boys
* Internet Information Use: Boys>Girls |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson: YES
-Results: Hypothesis 1 |
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Definition
1. More home internet use= better academic performance
P372
they found children who used the internet more had higher GPAs after 1 year and higher reading achievement scores after 6 months. |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson:YES
Hypothesis 2- Findings |
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Definition
2- Children will spend between 3 to 7 hours per week on the internet.
Findings- children spent 27 minutes per day, at the low end of the range of her hypothesis. |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson:YES
Hypothesis 3- Findings |
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Definition
Hypothesis 3- Children were more likely to use the internet for information gathering than communication.
Findings- TRUE |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson:YES
Hypothesis 4- Findings |
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Definition
4- African American and younger children use the internet less than Euro/American and older children.
Findings- True |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People Better Informed in the Information Society?
Jackson:YES
Hypothesis 5- Findings |
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Definition
5- Girls will use the internet's communication tools more than boys will; boys will use the internet's information tools more than girls.
Findings- False. No gender differences were noted in internet use. Thus girls were no more likely to use the internet for communication than boys, and same for information. |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People better informed in the Information Society?
Bauerlin: NO
-Claims |
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Definition
-"Just get the grades, they tell themselves, ace the test, study, study,study. Assignments become exercises to complete, like doing the dishes, not knowledge to acquire for the rest of their lives."
-More time spent playing video games, than preparing for class and studying |
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Term
Issue 18:Are People better informed in the Information Society?
Bauerlin: NO
-State of sciety and education |
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Definition
"The dont know any more history or civics, economics or science, literature or current events. The read less on their own, both books and newspapers, and you would have to canvass alot of college english instructors and imployers before you found one who said that they compose better paragraphs. In fact, their technology skills fall well short of the common claim, too, especially when they must apply them to research and workplace tasks"
"They will be remembered as the fortunate ones who were unworthy of the priveledges they inherited. They may even be recalled as the generation that lost the great American heritage, forever." |
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Term
Issue 10: Will Evolving Forms of Journalism be an Improvement?
-Civic Journalism |
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Definition
| refers to the journalistic practice of engaging communities in diaglogue |
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Term
Issue 10: Will Evolving Forms of Journalism be an Improvement?
Mark Deuze, Axel Bruns, Christopher Neurberger: YES
David Simon: No |
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Definition
YES: Mark, Axel and Christoph conducted case studies of news organizations that developed extensive plans to incorporate participatory news practices. The case studies reveal the reawrds and difficulties of these decisions.
NO: Simon testified in May of 2009 to a Senate Committee examining the future of journalism. His conclusion was that high-end journalism was dying in America and could not be saved by the internet and/or citizen journalists. |
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Term
Issue 10: Will Evolving Forms of Journalism be an Improvement?
-Top Down
-Bottom up |
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Definition
top-down: industry driven customer relationship management efforts and labor cost-cutting measures
bottom-up: individual self expression in the context of a participatory digital culture |
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Term
Issue 10: Will Evolving Forms of Journalism be an Improvement?
Simon
-Problems with new media
-Problems caused by industry |
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Definition
New media: While some of our internet commentry us--as with any unchallenged and unedited intellectual effort--rampantly ideological, ridiculously inaccurate and occasionally juvenile..
industry: The industry butchered itself when going to Wall Street. When locally based, family owned newspapers like The sun were consolidated into publicly owned newspaper chains, as essentil dynmaic, an essential trust between journalism and the communities served by that journalism was betrayed. The chains from LA don't care about Baltimore and the quality of news. |
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Term
Issue 11: Should the Public Support Freedom of Press?
YES: Jeffrey Maciejewski and David T Ozar
NO: First Amendment Center |
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Definition
Yes: Citizens "right to know" in a democratic society is a foundation of freedom of the press. They examine multiple meanings of the concept of right to know, asking what implies about conduct at the personal and institutional level. The situate the concept in natural law and apply that understanding to journalistic decisions.
NO: Few know the freedoms guaranteed or care passionately about them--almost one third of them feel the freedom granted under the 1st amendment "goes too far". Moreover, Americans seem less supportive of freedom of the press than any other freedoms guaranteed in our Bill of Rights. |
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Term
Issue 11: Should the Public Support Freedom of Press?
Yes: Natural Law and the Right to know in a Democracy
-Possibility 6 |
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Definition
| 6: If the public has a right to know, then everyone is obligated not to interfere at all with the community's efforts to establish institutions to communicate to the public information on which the well-being (or basic needs) of the public (or a significant portion of the public) is significantly dependent. |
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Term
Issue 11: Should the Public Support Freedom of Press?
Yes: Natural Law and the Right to know in a Democracy
Possibility 8b- |
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Definition
| If the public has a right to know, then everyone is obligated not to interfere at all with the community's efforts to establish institutions to communicate to the public information on which the well-being (or basic needs) of the public (or a significant portion of the public) is significantly dependent, provided that the actions being taken by the institution (or its representitives) are not themselves harmful (by some appropriate standard) to other persons or institutions. |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
Yes: Rhoda Rabkin
No:Karen Dill and Lisa Bediako |
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Definition
YES: Any government intervention toward monitoring the media is doomed to fail. She advocates for voluntary codes of conduct over federal government censorship.
No: Dill commented on the psychological processes of media images and the way they influence girls. Bediako testified that degrading images of violence, sexism, racism and hate are rampant in contemporary media. |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
-Role of FCC |
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Definition
- the regulator of media
-airs indecent content but not obscene
-handles complaints
-fines
-removal of broadcast license
-denial of renewal |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
-Safe harbor |
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Definition
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
-Obscenity |
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Definition
-average person applying contemporary community standards
*find that the material has a tendency to excite lustful thoughts
-depict or describe, in patently offensive way, sexual content
-lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
-indecency |
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Definition
-not banned
-less than obscene
-depicts or describes sexual organs or activities terms patently offensive
-is explicit or graphic
-arouse/shock |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
No
-The third person effect |
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Definition
| - ppl believe that they are immune to being affect by media content, like violence, but believe that children are effected. |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
No
-APA Task Force on Sexualization of girls |
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Definition
| -found that when girls are exposed to images in the media of females as sex objects, a variety of negative outcomes follow. Sexualization is linked to negative consequences for cognitive and emotional functioning, mental health, physical health and healthy sexual developement. |
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Term
Issue 13 Has industry regulation controlled indecent media content?
No
-sexist stereotypes study |
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Definition
| When they were exposed to media that contains women as sexual objects and men as macho, the real sexual harassment case was not as big of a deal. |
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Term
Issue 4: Do media cause individuals to develop negative body images?
-Social Comparison Theory |
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Definition
Festinger 1954 People evaluate themselves thorugh the opinions/perceptions of others.
Upward- the other person is better
downward- other person isn't as good |
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Term
Issue 4: Do media cause individuals to develop negative body images?
-gender and consumer culture
-themes of thinness |
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Definition
fat is feared by men and women
-men and women are both presented as objects
-grooming and fashion now marketed to men, as well.
*ideal image is fat free *hurts those who do not fit that ideal |
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Term
Issue 4: Do media cause individuals to develop negative body images?
Longitudinal research |
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Definition
-For children, media exposure does relate to later increases in: negative body image *disordered eating
-based on the strong beliefs that appearance has an impact on ones life |
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Term
Issue 4: Do media cause individuals to develop negative body images?
positive assimilation effect |
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Definition
studies shown some increases in body satisfaction if focus not on self
-body dissatisfaction occurs if focus is divided between self and image |
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Term
Issue 4: Do media cause individuals to develop negative body images?
-Media literacy |
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Definition
-Jean Kilborne's Slim Hopes
-is it profitable for advertisers to make women and men feel bad?
-how could this change?
what does responsible advertising look like? |
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Term
| How does who owns the media affect the media? |
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Definition
1. Concentrated ownership cuts voices and views to the public.
2.Journalists say corporate ownership hurts news quality.
3.Number of stories reduced.
4. Reduction of coverage type. |
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Term
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Definition
A single corporation in the largest cities can own 3 TV stations, 8 radio stations, the dominant newspaper and the cable company itself.
In midsized cities a single company would have been able to own a major newspaper, two tv stations, 8 radio stations and several cable channels. |
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