Term
| What is the location of the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Between pterygoid process of the sphenoid and the maxilla, medial to the nasal cavity and lateral to the infratemporal fossa |
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the infratemporal fossa? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasal cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the orbit? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the middle cranial fossa? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the foramen lacerum? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the oral cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the pterygopalatine fossa communicate with the nasopharynx? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the contents of the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Pterygopalatine ganglion, branches of V2 (maxillary n.), and third part of the maxillary artery |
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Term
| How does the maxillary artery enter the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| From the infratemporal fossa via the pterygomaxillary fissure |
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Term
| What are the 6 branches of the maxillary artery within the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Posterior and superior alveolar artery, infraorbital artery, artery of the pterygoid canal, pharyngeal artery, greater palatine artery, sphenopalatine artery |
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Term
| What is the route of the artery of the pterygoid canal in the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Through the pterygoid canal to the nasopharynx |
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Term
| What is the route of the pharyngeal artery in the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Through the palovaginal canal to the nasopharynx |
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Term
| What is the route of the greater palatine artery in the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Through the greater palatine canal alongside the greater palatine nerve to the hard palate. Gives off lesser palatine artery to supply the soft palate |
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Term
| What is the route of the sphenopalatine artery in the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
| Medially through the sphenopalatine foramen to supply the nasal cavity |
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Term
| What is the name of the ganglion found on the sensory root of CN V (trigeminal n.) |
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Definition
| Trigeminal/semilunar ganglion |
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Term
| Where does V1 (ophthalmic n.) exit the cranium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does V2 (maxillary n.) exit the cranium? |
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Definition
| Foramen rotundum to enter the pterygopalatine fossa |
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Term
| Where does V3 (mandibular n.) exit the cranium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What ganglion does V2 (maxillary n.) synapse with within the pterygopalatine fossa? |
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Definition
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Term
| When does V2 (maxillary n.) become the infraorbital nerve? |
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Definition
| After it traverses the infraorbital fissure |
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Term
| What are all the branches of V2 (maxillary n.)? |
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Definition
| Zygomatic, nasal, posterior superior alveolar, infraorbital, pharyngeal, greater and lesser palatine nerves, ganglionic branches to the pterygopalatine ganglion |
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Term
| What is the destination of the zygomatic nerve and what is its route? |
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Definition
| Enters orbit through inferior orbital fissure, enters zygomatic foramen |
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Term
| What are the branches of the zygomatic nerve? |
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Definition
| Zygomaticofacial and Zygomaticotemporal nerves |
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Term
| Which branch of the zygomatic nerve communicates with the lacrimal nerve of V1? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does the nasal branch of V2 (maxillary n.) enter the nasal cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the nasal nerve distributes within the nasal cavity? |
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Definition
| Superior and inferior posterior lateral nasal nerves and the nasopalatine nerve which passes through the incisive canal to innervate the anterior plate |
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Term
| What innervates the maxillary teeth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the branches of the superior alveolar nerve? |
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Definition
| Posterior, middle, and anterior superior alveolar nerves. Posterior is a direct branch of V2 while the middle and anterior are branches of the infraorbital nerve |
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Term
| What gives off the infraorbital nerve? |
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Definition
| A continuation of V2 (maxillary n.) in the inferior orbital fissure through the pterygopalatine fossa and the orbit |
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Term
| What nerve traverses the pterygopalatine ganglion with synapsing? |
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Definition
| Postganglionic and sensory nerve fibers from V2 (maxillary n.) |
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Term
| What preganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers synapse at the pterygopalatine ganglion? |
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Definition
| Greater petrosal nerve which is a branch of CN VII (facial n.) at the geniculate ganglion |
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Term
| What postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers synapse at the pterygopalatine ganglion? |
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Definition
| Deep petrosal nerve which branches from the internal carotid plexus |
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Term
| What are the targets of postganglionic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion? |
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Definition
| Lacrimal gland, nasal cavity, and palate |
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Term
| What innervates the lacrimal gland? |
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Definition
| Parasympathetic from pterygopalatine ganglion and sympathetic from superior cervical ganglion, also lacrimal nerve via communicating branch from zygomaticotemporal branch of the zygomatic nerve |
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Term
| What effect does parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation have on the lacrimal gland? |
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Definition
| Secretomotor and vasomotor (vasoconstriction) respectively |
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Term
| Where does V3 (mandibular n.) exit the cranium? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is unique about V3 (mandibular n.) among the divisions of CN V (trigeminal n.)? |
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Definition
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Term
| What branches are given off by the main trunk of V3 (mandibular n.)? |
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Definition
| Meningeal branch (sensory) and nerve to medial pterygoid (motor) |
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Term
| What are the nerves given off by the anterior division of V3 (mandibular n.)? |
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Definition
| Buccal (only sensory branch, others are motor), masseteric, deep temporal nerves and nerve to lateral pterygoid |
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Term
| What are the branches of the posterior division of V3 (mandibular n.)? |
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Definition
| Auriculotemporal (sensory), lingual (sensory), and inferior alveolar nerves (gives off nerve to mylohyoid (motor) and mental nerve (sensory)) |
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Term
| What are the muscles of mastication? |
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Definition
| Temporalis, lateral and medial pterygoid, and masseter muscles |
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Term
| What other muscles other than those used for mastication are supplied by V3 (mandibular n.)? |
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Definition
| Tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, and anterior belly of the digastric |
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Term
| What is supplied by the nerve to the mylohyoid? |
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Definition
| Mylohyoid muscle and anterior belly of digastric muscle |
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Term
| What is supplied by the auriculotemporal nerve? |
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Definition
| Carries postganglionic parasympathetic innervation from otic ganglion to parotid gland, also supplies cutaneous sensation to the temporal region and auricle |
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Term
| What is the function of the lingual nerve? |
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Definition
| Contains GSA sensation fibers from anterior 2/3 tongue, receives nerve fibers from chorda tympani |
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Term
| What gives off the chorda tympani nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the chorda tympani nerve? |
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Definition
| Carries SVA taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue and preganglionic sympathetic fibers for the submandibular ganglion |
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Term
| What is the function of the inferior alveolar nerve? |
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Definition
| Gives off nerve to mylohyoid, enters mandible via mandibular canal and gives rise to the inferior dental plexus before terminating as the incisive nerve and the mental nerve |
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Term
| What is innervated by the terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerve - the incisive and mental nerves? |
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Definition
| Former innervates mandibular first premolar, canine and incisor teeth, latter innervates the chin and lower lip |
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Term
| What provides parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands? |
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Definition
| Branches of CN VII (facial n.)via chorda tympani nerve synapses at submandibular ganglion |
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Term
| What provides parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland? |
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Definition
| Tympanic branch of CN IX (glossopharyngeal n.) gives off lesser petrosal nerve which synapses at the otic ganglion which gives off fibers to the parotid gland |
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