Includes one or more of:

-Permanent impairment or disability

-Residual physical or cognitive disability

-the need for special rehab or long-term medical management

The cause of a disease

-Idiopathic: from unknown cause

-Iatrogenic: from treatment of another condition

(on exam, if you don't know, say "unknown")

How often a condition occurs in the general population

(#'s are not testable)

- Ability to function normally in society (holistic)

- Disease free state (medical)

- State of complete physical, mental, and social well-being (wellness)

- Continuum between wellness & illness

• International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health
• Established in 2001
• Replaces International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH)

Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiologic, or anatomic structure or function

Examples- loss of ROM, loss of sensation, amputation, decreased strength

Any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in a normal manner

Examples- inability to walk without walker/cane, inability to communicate without a computer, prosthesis required for gait

A disadvantage for an impaired or disabled individual that limits or prevents the fulfillment of normal life roles

Examples- mother unable to complete child care duties, individuals unable to work because he/she cannot ascend stairs

1. Viewed as outcomes of interactions between health conditions (diseases, disorders & injury) and contextual Factors
2. Contextual Factors:a) External Environmental Factors- social attitudes, architectural characteristics, legal/social structures as well as terrain, climate, etc. b) Internal Personal Factors- gender, age, coping styles, social background, education, profession, past & current experience, etc.

1. Body or body part
2. Whole person
3. Whole person in social context

1. Impairments
2. Activity limitation
3. Participation restrictions

1. Exectutive Function
2. Complex Problem Solving
3. Information Processing
4. Memory Deficits
5. Learning Disability

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Germ Theory

• In latter part of 19th century, Pasteur discovered pathogens and their role in infections
• Part II proposes that many disease states my have an origin in an infectious process
• this includes many mental illnesses as well

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Biomedical Model

• Disease results from malfunctioning of organs or cells
• Focuses on cause and effect relationships

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Multicausal Theory

(holistic)

• Recognizes role of lifestyle, diet, stress response
• Proposes interaction of factors such as age, gender, genetic influence, religion, culture, and environmental factors

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Homeostasis Theory

• The body's ability to maintain its internal environment in a constant state of equilibrium

III. Theories of Health & Illness

General Adaptation Syndrome

• Stress resonse places excessive demands on the body
• As stress continues, the adaptive capacity of the body may be exceeded

III. Theories of Health & Illness

 Psychosocial Theory

• Integrates physiologic, psychologic, and social factors to explain disease
• Resistance to disease related to ability to cope with stresses

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Psychoneuroimmunology Theory

• The study of the interactions among behavior and neural, endocrine, enteric and immune system function

III. Theories of Health & Illness

Energy Medicine

(holistic)

• Referred to as Complementary and Alternative Medicine
• Combines the impact of beliefs, expectations, and intention with biophysical properties

IV. Health Promotion & Disease Prevention

Primary Prevention

IV. Health Promotion & Disease Prevention

Secondary Prevention

IV. Health Promotion & Disease Prevention

Tertiary Prevention

Process in which specific malfunctioning cells are targeted and repaired or replaced with corrected genes

Uses:

1. Hereditary disorders
2. Diseases of aging
3. Tissue Enhancement

• Identify inherited disorders (ie muscular dystrophies)
• Potential prediction of future disease
• Ethical issues and privacy concerns (ie HIPPA)

1. Sociodemographics
2. Health Status
3. Geographic Location
4. Race & Ethnicity
5. Age & Aging
6. Gender
7. Lifestyle Choices
8. Physical Activity