Term
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Definition
mind, body and spirit
prior publications the spiritual aspect of this triad was not addressed. |
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Term
| physical and mental functioning can provide |
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Definition
| valuable info. for understanding his/her spiritual functioning |
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Term
| identifying patient needs |
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Definition
| info. about patient's thought patterns, content of speech, affect, cultural orientation, social relationships and customs assist with this |
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Term
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Definition
interdependence of
body
mind
emotion
spirit
environment
and work toward the health of those parts simultaneously |
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Term
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Definition
the total condition
one that can't be divided into physical, mental or social health-of a biophysical being |
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Term
| spirituality deals with... |
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Definition
| life principles that pervade and animate a person's entire being, including emotional and volitional aspects of life. |
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Term
| assessment should include |
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Definition
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Term
| when integrating spirituality |
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Definition
| assessment must be inter-faith and ecumenical |
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Term
| 3 components of spirituality |
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Definition
1. relationships (both intra- and interpersonal
2. a personal value system
3. a purposeful, meaningful life-also referred to as personal well-being |
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Term
| without motivation a person... |
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Definition
| does not seek a spiritual life and does not engage in meaningful occupation |
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| motivation depends on ... |
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Definition
| hopefulness of the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| dependent on one's spiritual life. |
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Term
| essential ingredient in patient wellness and spiritual health |
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Definition
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Term
| who developed the OT practice framework? |
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Definition
| the commission on practice in 2002 |
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Term
| initial step in evaluation |
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Definition
provides an understanding of the patient's occupational history and experiences, patterns of daily living, interests values and needs.
patients's problems and concerns about performing occupations and daily life activities are identified and priorities are determined. |
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Term
| framework describes context as |
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Definition
| the overarching influence on the treatment process, includes the patient's spiritual locus of control and well-being, personal beliefs, level of spiritual maturity and religious tradition and values |
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Term
| framework does not define |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the focus is on the whole person
an integration of body, mind, feelings, spirit and lifestyles as well as the physical and social environment of the individual and the interdependence of these factors in growth and change. |
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Term
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Definition
| positive wellness of the person-senses of heightened well-being and fitness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an occupation-not a performance component |
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Term
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Definition
personal meaning
contextual
temporal
psychological
social
symbolic
cultural
ethnic
spiritual dimensions |
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Term
| info gathered about a person's spirituality should |
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Definition
| describe the patient's spiritual journey and illness experience and address the here-and-now |
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Term
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Definition
assist the patient in gaining insight and understanding into his or her inner an outer worlds
can encourage holistic view of patient's motivations, perceptions of his or her world and a review of his or her life and the relevance that it has on the present situation |
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Term
| dimensions according to AOTA considered in the delivery of health care |
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Definition
cognitive
physical
spiritual
emotional
contextual
book uses psychological
behavioral
learning
biological |
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Term
| using the integrative approach the OT views assessments according to |
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Definition
the four dimensions
(psychological, behavioral, learning and biological) |
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Term
| each of the four dimensions is defined |
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Definition
| in the context of occupational therapy drawing upon theories and frames of reference |
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Term
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Definition
the ability to process info. from past events and information currently available.. to view one's self, others and one's life situation realistically
it is influenced by and derived from the emotions and feelings of the human experience |
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Term
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Definition
Mosey coined this term
describes a person's relationship to people and occupation-the person's ego function
helps to identify patient needs and body image and to gain insight |
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Term
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Definition
the ability to process info. from past events and information currently available.. to view one's self, others and one's life situation realistically
it is influenced by and derived from the emotions and feelings of the human experience |
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Term
| most effective way of evaluating occupational performance |
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Definition
with projective media such as painting, drawing, etc.
psychological dimensions can be measured this way.
although the patient is able to project his or her unconscious needs into symbolic images, it is the responsibility of the therapist to observe the manner in which the task is completed. |
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Term
| projective assessments that have been developed |
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Definition
Azima
Shoemy
Fidler
BH Batteries
Goodman Battery
Carol Lerner's Collage Scoring System
Build a City
little has been done to advance the use of this type of test. |
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Term
| care to be taken with projective testing and religion |
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Definition
many times projective media will facilitate the expression of religious content.
Careful with mentally ill patients to determine between a mystical and religious delusions
mystics describe their experience as ecstatic and joyful. (serenity, wholeness, transendence and love are words used)
both mystics and psychotics experience a break from reality. mystics will return to normal but psychotic will be taken into deeper distress over a religious delusion.
mystics are often respected individuals in the community |
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Term
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Definition
psychotics interpret religious experience with grandiosity and inflated egotistical importance-may have a message from god or have some spiritual powers
mystics experience a state of calm, loss of pride and emptying of the self |
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Term
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Definition
reinforcement
modeling
token economies
desensitization
biofeedback
stress management
works in OT from
Reilly
Mosey
Fidler
Kielhofner |
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Term
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Definition
draws on theories of cognitive, behavioral, social and learning sciences
therapist is concerned with the role the environment plays in the acquisition of behavior for occupational performance. Behavior in context |
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Term
| dimension in which environment is most closely examined |
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Definition
behavioral
the patient's lifestyle and life space can influence the acquisition of behavior |
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Term
| socialization looked at in the behavioral dimension |
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Definition
| socialization IS NOT a skill but an occupation that an individual acquires through interaction with the environment. communication and group interaction are attributes evaluated in this dimension. |
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Term
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Definition
environmental barriers examined
generally done through history taking with interviewing techniques and checklists
The patient's spirituality are included in this dimension-religious attendance, volunteering, engaging in activities that have deep spiritual meaning are expressions of a patients spirituality |
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Term
| two diffs between behavioral and learning dimension |
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Definition
method of administration
method of assessment
behavioral assessments are administered by interview or by interview and task performance
Learning assessments are administered by task only
learning assessments use scales or some form of measurement to compare scores
behavioral assessments generally do not. |
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Term
| two factors to be concerned with when using a learning assessment |
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Definition
patients cognitive function
patient's level of skill development |
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Term
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Definition
have a direct bearing on a patient's performance-the ability to learn
is a biological dimension, not a skill function
therapist is interested in performance of a skill not how the patient acquired the skill |
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Term
| assessments that measure skill do not |
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Definition
| measure cognitive functions |
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Term
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Definition
involve a task that simulates a life skill
functions that are assessed in the learning dimension are work skills, ADLs, leisure and social skills |
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Term
| what distinguishes a learning assessment from all other occupational therapy assessments |
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Definition
| assessment involves a task that simulates a life skill |
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Term
| examples of learning assessments |
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Definition
milwaukee evaluation of daily living skills
work capacity evaluation
paracheck
the kohlman evaluation of living skills
the performance assessment of self-care skills
the comprehensive occupational therapy evaluation
community adaptive planning assessment |
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Term
| four dimensions of assessment |
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Definition
psychological
behavioral
learning
biological |
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Term
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Definition
received most amount of research
concepts can easily be observed and measured
also referred to as the biomedical model
asserts that abnormality is an illness of the body
ACL is one example-lacing |
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Term
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Definition
brain-collection of physical structures that gather and process sensory
the mind is the phenomenon of thoughts, memories and emotions that arise from the perceptual processes of the brain
the brain makes the mind
all that is meaningful in human experience and spirituality happes in the mind
limbic system is integral to religious and spiritual experience |
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Term
| association areas in the brain |
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Definition
cerebral cortes
visual-orientation-attention-verbal
they relate to each other and can have an effect on the patient's sense of self, emotional response to the activity and the ability to express religious beliefs.
if area is affected by trauma, stroke, depression, alcoholism or drugs the therapist needs to know the relationship to the patient's faith tradition
OT-Qiest Assessment is in this dimension |
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Term
| two steps of evaluative process |
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Definition
occupational profile
analysis of occupational performances |
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Term
| resources that therapists use for data gathering |
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Definition
medical sources
interviews
standardized and unstandardized tests
patient
family
cultural, spiritual and medical through assessments |
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Term
| in order to get a holistic profile a therapist may... |
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Definition
| need to work from different frames of reference and use multiple assessments. |
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Term
| guidelines used during assessment process |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
psychologist who specialized in development of therapeutic writing applications
emphasized importance of daily logs, meditations, life dimensions, spirituality , dreams and reflections. |
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Term
| current research on therapeutic applications of writing are largeley focused within |
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Definition
| psychology and counseling and are based on the use of various writing techniques in both individual and group therapy |
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Term
| reflective writing is used mostly |
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Definition
| in academics to promote critical-thinking skills |
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Term
| Wright and Chung defined writing therapy |
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Definition
| as client expressive and reflective writing whether self-generated or suggested by a therapist/researcher |
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Term
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Definition
| undergraduates wrote about traumatic events and had improved physiological responses. |
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Term
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Definition
| a qualitative study of 15 older learners found that journal writing facilitated improved personal coping skills with daily life. |
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Term
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Definition
| conducted study on the use of interactive process notes (IPN) which involved peer sharing of personal writing within a group setting. Might facilitate increased patient insight, yet drawbacks include questions of confidentiality among the patient, peers and the group facilitator. |
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Term
| Wright reviewed research on outcomes of therapeutic writing and found... |
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Definition
benefits including
1. greater patient control within the therapeutic relationship
2. the provision for an outlet of emotional expression and
3. increased patient participation in the healing process |
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Term
| examples of applications of therapeutic writing |
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Definition
poetry
bibliotherapy
expressive forms of writing
structured workbooks |
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Term
| research and writing on the use of meaningful occupations within the context of therapeutic relationship |
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Definition
| very little is written on this |
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Term
| Models of theory that stress the importance of meaningful occupational engagement within the therapeutic context |
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Definition
Person-Environment-Occupational Performance (PEOP)
Ecology of Human Performance Process Model
Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)
through use of a journal patient is afforded opportunities to express personal thoughts, feelings and ideas in a context that may feel safer than direct self-report. |
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Term
| Haiman, Lambert and Rodrigues |
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Definition
| wrote of the benefits of using various expressive techniques such as poetry and journal writing in ADOLESCENT mental health occupational therapy and suggested that writing encourages emotional expression and personal exploration |
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Term
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Definition
| reflection of patient function in a particular context and time. |
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Term
| L'Abate presented four types of writing assignments often used in therapy |
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Definition
1.open-ended writing
2. focused writing
3. guided writing
4. programmed writing |
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Term
| journal used within the psychodynamic approach |
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Definition
therapist serves as a guide within this approach-not an analyst
a collaborative relationship with the patient to mutually assume responsibility for assessment, ID of intervention goals and development of an intervention plan and work together during the process. |
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Term
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Definition
comes out of psychodynamic principles of Freud
flow writing-write whatever is on your mind
expressive writing and dream exploration
encourages creative spontaneous expression including drawing
"map of consciousness"
idea introduced and patient is encouraged to write or draw whatever comes to mind. |
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Term
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Definition
used to denote writing techniques within the journal that encourage the free expression of thought over a period of time. pt. may be given specific topic or alloted time.
access the unconscious |
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Term
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Definition
writing of stories, poetry and narratives
exploration through use of writing and drawing expercises
Dr. Lucia Cappachoine has written about writing with the nondominant hand
may tap into some unconscious creative areas that are not often used. Should explore personal expression regarding topics of meaning, areas of difficulty and plans for future goals. |
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Term
| psychodynamic approach warnings to journaling |
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Definition
therapist must uphold the importance of developing patient insight
expressive entries must be considered in the context of the environment, patient factors and personal meaning
collaborative relationship, identifying themes that may be of importance with relationship to life history, current experience and therapeutic goals.
if used in assessment therapist should assure that the writing does not bring up issues or questions that compromise the patient's ability to cope |
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Term
| cognitive behavioral journaling |
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Definition
assumes that:
1. thinking influences behavior
2.thinking can be self-regulated
3. desired behavioral change may occur through structured learning and acquired skills
structured homework assignments
daily personal tracking
teaching of coping skills (meditation)
the development of personal insight and skills in order to maximize function and quality of life through the development of oping skills and meaningful healthy occupational patterns |
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Term
| purpose of journal homework |
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Definition
| part of an ongoing assessment and intervention process within individual or group therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
self expression (10 things I am stressed about)
problem solving
development of insight
"steppingstones" Progoff - journal writers are encouraged to list significant events that have occurred in their lives. List of steppingstones is akin to looking at personal marker in one's life, a practice that fits well not on ly into the cognitive behavioral frame of reference but also into developmental theories and frames of reference. |
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Term
| lists unfold into 3 parts (Adams) |
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Definition
1. things held in the conscious mind (generally the first third of the list)
2. repetition and themes that arise in the list and
3. Things that arise from the subconscious
extensive lists may be used within the journal in order to assess for themes, info. , insights, and consideration for future goal planning. |
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Term
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Definition
writing technique that may be used to organize thoughts and feelings around a particular topic
use of cognitive mapping strategies and involves the connection of words and topics to similar words and topics
highly structured and limits free expression of thought-good tool for organizing thoughts and beginning exploration of a particular topic. |
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Term
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Definition
used in order to explore relationships with other persons, with the self, or with inanimate objects.
used to help finish unfinished business, a significant event, or some area that needs more insight
Progoff-dialogue with persons (relationships)
works (significant activities in life), the body, society and events
Adams- emotions, objects, subpersonalities/symbols and areas of resistance-need to be in right state, meditation, gentle on self in the process
questions to follow with therapist |
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Term
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Definition
similar to dialogue
a letter to someone (one-way communication)
good tools for the three Cs
catharsis
completion
clarity
helps bring closure
can be used for unsending or for a pre-sending type of letter |
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Term
| something to be avoided with unsent letters |
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Definition
overuse
because they may encourage a preoccupation with the journal and avoidance of actual expression of feelings to those in the communication |
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Term
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Definition
progoff-importance of revisiting the journal in order to develop new insights and add new entries based on reflections of previous writing.
EX: double entry utilizes half a pagefor the actual writing and leaves half the page blank for future reflections and insights. |
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Term
| dialectical behavioral therapy |
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Definition
DBT a broad cognitive behvioral strategy originally designed to treat patients with borderline personality disorder,has been applied to other populations.
Linehan developed the method based on the premise that individuals who have lived in invalidating environments often develop maladaptive skills for coping and emotional regulation.
involves weekly psychotherapy as well as intensive group session designed to teach adaptive coping skills, emaotional regulation, interpersonal effectiveness and assertiveness training.
Use diary card to track incidents, events and reactions and in retrospect often evaluate their performance in the situation. |
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Term
| additional considerations within the cognitive behavioral frame of reference |
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Definition
homework designed to
1. bring about awareness
2practice adaptive skills
3. develop an internal locus of control designed to follow through with the skills throughout life. |
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Term
| factors necessary for individual capacity and willingness to reflect including |
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Definition
1.developmental level
2. perceived trustworthiness of the teacher (therapist)
3. the clarity of expectations
4. the quality of the feedback process |
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Term
| section of the framework that acknowledges the spiritual dimensions of our lives |
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Definition
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Term
| stages of therapeutic change: |
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Definition
1. the reflection stage
2. the cognitive reconstruction stage
3. creative construction stage |
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Term
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Definition
| be encouraged to partake in self-assessment |
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Term
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Definition
provide clear expectations and feedback regarding the purpose of the journal
the means by which it will be used
the expectations ad
the depth of reflection expected
collaborative and clear expectations are critical to maximize journal use |
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Term
| journal as assessment-intervention should |
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Definition
have meaning to client
consider the process and product of the journal within the Framework
be linked to evaluation and intervention goals aimed at improving occupational performance, life satisfaction and quality of life |
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Term
| journal as assessment-intervention should |
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Definition
have meaning to client
consider the process and product of the journal within the Framework
be linked to evaluation and intervention goals aimed at improving occupational performance, life satisfaction and quality of life |
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Term
| considerations when journaling with a group |
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Definition
confidentiality codes
freedom to determine how much will be personally shared
provision for a structured group process, conversation and conflict management should an uncomfortable topic emerge |
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