Term
Anorexia Nervosa
vs.
Bulimia Nervosa
(3) |
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Definition
-Weight: AN is 85% of less or normal body weight, BN is normal or slightly overweight
-Perception/Judgment: AN experiences a perceptual distortion of body, BN a negative cognitive judgment of body
-Menses: AN will miss 3 or more, BN no loss |
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Term
Mental Retardation
vs.
Autistic Disorder
(4) |
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Definition
-IQ: MR is 70 or less, A is normal
-Behavior: MR acts younger than age, A behavior is abnormal for any age
-Social: MR has normal interest in social interaction, A does not
-Onset: for MR is 18 or younger, onset for A is before 3 |
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Term
Conduct Disorder
vs.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
(2) |
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Definition
-Severity: CD is more severe, OPD is less severe
CD gets into trouble with the law and displays physical violence, OPD does not
-Duration: CD must persist at least 1 year, OPD 6 months or more |
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Term
Delirium
vs.
Dementia
(5) |
|
Definition
-Consciousness: Delirium is cloudy/fluctuating, Dementia is clear/stable
-Memory: Delirium may have memory of episode impaired, Dementia has longterm, significant loss
-Prognosis: Delirium is good, Dementia is poor
-Cause: Delirium is specific, external cause, Dementia is unknown, internal cause
Onset: Delirium has sudden, rapid onset, Dementia is gradual |
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Term
Substance Dependence
vs.
Substance Abuse
(5)
|
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Definition
-Withdrawal -Role failure
-Tolerance -Social/interpersonal prob.
-Considerable time spent -Trouble with law
-Loss of activities -Physically hazardous
-Tries but unable to quit -Little desire to quit |
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Term
Cyclothymic Disorder
vs.
Dysthymic Disoder
(1) |
|
Definition
-CD is mild ups and downs (consisting of hypomanic and depressive symptoms) for at least 2 years (1 year in minors.
-DD is mild downs (consisting of depressive symptoms) for at least 2 years (1 year in minors).
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Term
Major Depressive Disorder
vs.
Dysthymic Disorder
(2) |
|
Definition
Severity and Duration
-MDD is more severe, must involve at least one major depressive episode (depressed most of day, nearly every day, for at least 2 weeks)
-DD is less severe, with depressive symptoms more days than not over at least 2 years (1 year in minors) |
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Term
Agoraphobia
vs.
Social Phobia
(2) |
|
Definition
-Fear: A is fear of panic attack, difficult escape, or fear itself, SP is of being embarrassed or panic in social situations.
-Scope: A is generalized, broad, SP is specific, narrow |
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Term
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
vs.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
(3) |
|
Definition
-Obsessions: OCD are true, actual obsessions and compulsions, OCPD they are not
-Source: OCD the obsessions are not wanted, know there is something wrong with them (ego-dystonic). OCPD think something wrong with others (ego-syntonic)
-OCD can come and ago, OCPD is pervasive |
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Term
Dissociative Identity Disorder
vs.
Schizophrenia
(2) |
|
Definition
-Identities: DID has multiple identities, S has one
-Psychosis: DID is not psychotic, S is (has hallucinations, delusions, bizarre thoughts) |
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Term
Schizoid Personality Disorder
vs.
Avoidant Personality Disorder
(2) |
|
Definition
-Relations: SPD does not have/desire relationships, APD does but has difficulty
-Emotions: SPD is out of touch with feelings, APD is very in touch, even hypersensitive |
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Term
Antisocial Personality Disoder
vs.
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
(3) |
|
Definition
-Criminal Justice Background: APD yes, NPD no
-Rights Violations: APD violates physical, legal, and material rights, NPD violates social rights
-Grandiosity/Entitlement: APD no, NPD yes |
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Term
Bipolar I Disorder
vs.
Bipolar II Disorder
(3) |
|
Definition
-Variety: I is "severe up," II is "severe down"
-Manic/Mixed Episode: I must have one, II can't have either
-Hypomanic/Major Depressive Episode: I may have either/both, II must have both |
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Term
Histrionic Personality Disorder
vs.
Borderline Personality Disorder
(5) |
|
Definition
-Ego Strength: HPD stronger, BPD weak
-Attention: HPD is flamboyant, dramatic, or seductive, BPD acts out or in
-Self Harm: HPD no, BPD yes
-Identity Confusion: HPD less severe, BPD more severe
-Emotions: HPD lability seems superficial, BPD lability seems real |
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Term
Adjustment Disorder
vs.
Additional Conditions (V Codes)
(1) |
|
Definition
| -AD has greater difficulty coping than what is normal due to psychological disorder, V is within what is expected of a healthy individual dealing with a difficult life situation |
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Term
Brief Psychotic Disorder
vs.
Schizophreniform Disorder
vs.
Schizophrenia
vs.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
(2) |
|
Definition
-Brief Psychotic Disorder: 1 day to less than a month. Must have one: delusions, hallucinations, non-organized speech, behavior grossly disorganized, catatonic
-Schizophreniform: 1 month to less than 6 months. No decline in functioning necessary
-Schizophrenia: 6 months or more
-Schizotypal PD: Not psychotic (no delusions, hallucinations, etc.). Odd beliefs, lack of friends, cognitive and perceptual distortions. Pervasive personality w/o pervasive psychotic. Long-lasting |
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Term
Schizophrenia (Paranoid Type)
vs.
Delusional Disorder
vs.
Paranoid Personality Disorder
(3) |
|
Definition
-Schizophrenia: Psychotic, not functional, more pervasive
-Delusional: Psychotic, functional, narrowly focused
-Paranoid PD: Not psychotic, functional. Distrustful and suspicious. Most pervasive |
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Term
Conversion Disorder
vs.
Somatization Disorder
vs.
Factitious Disorder
vs.
Malingering |
|
Definition
-Conversion: actual physical negative symptoms (loss of senses or motor) caused by psych. reasons, not deliberately faked
-Somatization: actual physical positive symptoms across many systems (gastrointestinal, sexual, respiratory, or neurological) caused by psych. reasons, not deliberately faked
-Factitious: Lying about physical symptoms to get attention. May not know why lying.
-Malingering: Lying about physical symptoms for material or practical gain. Usually knows why lying |
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Term
|
Definition
-Less pervasive
-Can come and go
-More narrow in scope
-Ego-dystonic |
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Term
|
Definition
-More pervasive
-Tend to stay (usually life-long)
-Broad in scope
-Ego-syntonic
-Include mental retardation and the personality disorders |
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|
Term
|
Definition
-Appearance: Disheveled, unkempt
-Behavior: Posture, body movement, facial expressions
-Mood & Affect: Depressed, euphoric, lability
-Perception: Hallucinations/Illusions
-Thinking: Memory impaired, impaired cognition |
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Term
Ego Strength
Strong vs. Weak
(5, 3) |
|
Definition
-Ability to love, work, play
-To switch from primary to secondary process
-To make valid judgments
-To forgive and show mercy to those who have harmed
-To follow intention in face of abstraction
-To tolerate tension, excitation, frustration, guilt, etc.
Weak: unable to cope with life in general, easily annoyed, presence of phobias, psychosomatic, hysterical, etc. |
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Term
| Developmental/Dynamic Diagnosis |
|
Definition
| -Comes from any theorist, diagnosing based on a specific theory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -Deciding upon/ruling out between two or more possible disorders to determine the correct one. |
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Term
|
Definition
| -Diagnosing based on descriptors (someone's thoughts/feelings), not what is going on inside, past (ex. DSM) |
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Term
| Severity of DSM Categories |
|
Definition
-Psychotic Disorders
-Personality Disorders
-Adjustment Disorders
-V Codes |
|
|
Term
| Hierarchy of Defense Mechanisms |
|
Definition
-Primitive: Splitting, Schizoid Fantasy, Denial, Acting Out
-Higher Level Neurotic: Intellectualization, Sexualization, Introjection, Repression
-Mature: Humor, Suppression, Altruism |
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