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| THE SCIENCE OF BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESS |
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| REFERS TO THE PRIVATE THOUGHTS EMOTIONS, FEELINGS AND MOTIVES THAT OTHERS CANNOT DIRECTLY OBSERVE |
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| DIRECTLY OBSERVABLE AND MEASURABLE ACTIONS |
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1 DESCRIBE- going on the info gathered through scientific research helps psychologists describe psychological phenomena 2 PREDICT-hard to do employer/employee match tests 3 INFLUANCE-organized behavior make someone behave the way we want them to |
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| PROFESSOR OF BIOLOGY IN GERMANY |
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| STUDENT OF WUNDTS STUDIED THE ELEMENTS OF CONSCIOUSNESS USING INTROSPECTION |
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| THE PROCESS OF LOOKING AT ONES OWN CONSCIOUSNESS |
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STUDIED THE SENSATIONS OF HEAT AND COLD MILD HEAT AND COLD MIXED = INTENSE HEAT THERE ARE NO RECEPTORS IN OUR SKIN FOR INTENSE HEAT FIRST RECOGNIZED AFRICAN AMERICAN PYSCHOLOGIST |
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LED A GROUP OF PSYCHOLOGISTS KNOWN AS THE GESTALT PSYCHOLOGISTS "THE WHOLE IS DIFFERENT FROM THE SUM OF ITS PARTS" |
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THE SCHOOL OF BELIEF THAT HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS CANT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO ITS ELEMNTS THE WHOLE IS DIFFERENT FROM THE SUM OF ITS PARTS |
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| TAUGHT THE FIRST PSYCHOLOGY COURSE SPECULATED THAT THINKING FEELING LEARNING REMBERING AND OTHER PROCESSES OF HUMAN CONSCIOUSNESS EXISTED ONLY B/C THEY HELP US SURVIVE AS A SPECIES |
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| 19TH CENTURY SCHOOL OF THOUGHT THAT EMPHASIZED THE USEFULLNESS OF CONSCIOUSNESS |
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| MEMORY EXPERIMENT STUDIED HOW ALMOST 1/2 OF WHAT YOU LEARN IS LOST W/IN FIRST 20 MIN |
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| MENTAL PROCESSES OF PERCEIVING BELIEVING THINKING REEMBERING KNOWING DECIDING AND SO ON |
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| MODERN VERSION OF FUNCTIONALISM EMPHASIZES THE IMPORTANCE OF COGNITIVE PROCESSES SUCH AS PERCEPTION MEMORY AND THINKING |
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| SCHOOL OF PSYCHOLOGY = THE PROCESS OF LEARNING AND THE MEASURMENT OF OVERT BEHAVIOR I.E LEARNING FROM EXPERIENCE |
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(SALIVATING DOGS PROJECT) ASSOCIOTE A NOISE OR OBJECT TO OBTAIN A WANTED RESPONCE |
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| BELIEVED IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO STUDY PRIVATE MENTAL PROCESS B/C ONLY OUTWARD BEHAVIOR COULD BE MEASURED AND SCIENTIFICALLY UNDERSTOOD NAMED IT BEHAVIORISM |
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Definition
| WORKED WITH WATSON WAS NOT RECOGNIZED TILL YEARS LATER B/C SHE WAS FEMALE |
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THE MOST IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF OUR BEHAVIOR ARE LEARNED FROM OTHER PERSONS IN SOCIETY we learn to be who we are from our family friends and culture |
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| FOCUSES ON NERVOUS SYSTEM IN EXPLAINING BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES |
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THE FIRST DESCRIPTION OF NEURONS (WAS NOT RECOGNIZED FOR OF IT B/C HE WAS LATINO) HE FIGURED THAT THE BRAIN WAS MADE UP OF A NETWORK OF INTERACTING NEURAL CELLS |
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| THE CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES THAT CARRY THE MESSAGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM FROM ONE NEURON TO ANOTHER |
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| THE TECHNIQUE OF HELPING PERSONS W/ EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS BASED IN SIGMUND FREUDS THEORY OF THE UNCONSCIOUS MIND |
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| VIEW THAT HUMAN BEINGS POSSES AN INNATE TENDANCY TO IMPROVE AND DETERMINE THEIR LIVES BY THE DECISIONS THEY MAKE |
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| INTERNAL STATES OR CONDITIONS THAT ACTIVATE BEHAVIOR AND GIVE IT DIRECTION |
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| BASIC DRIVE IS TO IMPROVE SELF GOAL IS TO BECOME A BETTER YOU |
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CARL ROGERS ABRAHAM MASLOW VICTOR FRANKL |
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Definition
| DID NOT AGREE W/ FREUD THAT CONSCIOUS PROCESSES WERE UNIMPORTANT, BELIEVED THAT HUMAN BEINGS DETERMINE THEIR OWN FATES THROUGH CONSCIENCE DECISIONS |
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| COMBINE THE BEST IDEAS FROM ALL AREAS OF PSYCHOLOGY |
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Term
| SOCIOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE |
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Definition
STATES IT IS NECESSARY TO UNDERSTANT ONES CULTURE ETHINIC IDENTITY AND OTHER SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS TO FULLY UNDERSTAND A PERSON STATES THAT OUR PERSONALITIES BELIEFS ATTITUDES AND SKILLS ARE LEARNED FROM OTHERS |
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| SOCIAL SCIENCE THAT STUDIES THE WAY IN WHICH CULTURES ARE BOTH SIMILAR AND DIFFERENT FROM ONE ANOTHER AND HOW CULTURES INFLUANCE HUMAN BEHAVIOR |
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Definition
| PROMOTES THINKING OF DIFFERENT CULTURES IN RELATIVE TERMS RATHER THAN JUDGEMENTAL TERMS "THINGS ARE DIFFERENT IN DIFFERENT CULTURES" |
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Definition
| COMPLETED DOCTORAL PROGAM @ JOHNS HOPKINS DID NOT GET A DEGREE 'ALL MENS COLLEGE' FINISHED IN 1882 |
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COMPLETED THE REQUIREMENTS FOR PHD @ HARVARD NEVER AWARDED THE DEGREE "ALL MENS COLLEGE" |
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| THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN TO RECEIVE A PHD IN PSYCHOLOGY IN US (1933) |
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Term
MAMIE PHIPPS CLARK KENNETH CLARK |
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Definition
| PROVIDED THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR BROWN VS BOARD OF EDUCATION RE: THE SCHOOL SEGRATATION |
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| WAS THE FIRST AFRICAN AMERICAN TO BE ELECTED PRESIDENT OF AMERICAN PYSCHOLOGY ASSOCIATION |
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RESEARCH DISCOURAGED THE USE OF CULTURALLY BIASED TESTS FOR MINORITY SCHOOL CHILDREN |
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| USE KNOWLEDGE OF PSYCHOLOGY TO SOLVE AND PREVENT HUMAN PROBLEMS |
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Definition
| STUDY NERVOUS SYSTEM AND OTHER ORGANS PROVIDE BASIS FOR BEHAVIOR. ALSO STUDY ANIMALS BEHAVIOR TO COMPARE TO HUMANS AND TO UNDERSTAND THE SPECIES |
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Term
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Definition
| HOW THE SENCE ORGANS OPERATE AND HOW WE INTERPERT INCOMING SENSORY INFORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF PERCEPTION |
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| THE WAYS IN WHICH WE LEARN AND REMEMBER NEW INFO SKILLS HABITS AND NEW WAYS OF RELATING TO OTHERS |
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| CONCERNED WIOTH INTELLIGENT ACTION THINKING PERCEIVING PLANNING IMAGINING CREATING DREAMING SPEAKING LISTENING AND PROBLEM SOLVING |
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| CONCERNED CONCERNED WITH CHANGES THAT TAKE PLACE IN PEOPLE FROM BIRTH TO OLD AGE |
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| STUDY THE NEEDS AND STATES THAT ACTIVATE AND GUIDEBEHAVIOR SUCH AS HUNGER THIRST THE NATURE OF FEELINGS AND MOODS THAT CHANGE HUMAN EXPERIENCE |
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Definition
| FOCUSES ON THE MORE OR LESS CONSISTANT BEHAVIOR THAT CHARACTORIZES PERSONALITY |
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Definition
influance of others on our behavior
BEHAVIOR OF PEOPLE IN GROUPS, INTRAPERSONAL ATTRACTION AND INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS ATTITUDES AND PREJUDICE |
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Term
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Definition
| FOCUS ON ETHNIC AND CULTURAL FACTORS GENDER IDENTITY SEXUAL ORIENTATION FEMINIST PSYCH GAY LESBIAN PSYCH |
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Term
| HUMAN BEINGS ARE BIOLOGICAL CREATURES |
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Definition
| WE HAVE EMOTIONAL LOWS AND HIGHS B/C OF THE WAY OUR NERVOUS SYSTEM IS MADE. BUT WE TAKE OUR BIOLOGICAL LIMITS AND STRETCH THEM (AIRPLANES TO FLY EXERSIZE TO BUILD MUSCLES) WE ARE NOT PROGRAMMED BY OUR BIOLOGICAL NATURE |
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Term
| EVERY PERSON IS DIFFERENT YET MUCH THE SAME |
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Definition
| HUMANS ARE UNIQUE W/ THE EXCEPTION OF IDENTICAL TWINS EACH HERIDITY IS UNIQUE. ALL OF OUR EXPERIENCES ARE DIFFERENT FROM OTHERS, YET DESPITE THAT WE ARE ALIKE ENOUGH IN OUR CAPACITIES TO THINK FEEL AND REMEMBER. |
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| PEOPLE CAN BE FULLY UNDERSTOOD ONLY IN THE CONTEXT OF THEIR CULTURE ETHNIC IDENTITY AND GENDER IDENTITY |
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Definition
| WE ARE SHAPED BY THOSE WHO SURROUND US THEY FORM US INTO WHO WE BECOME |
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Term
| HUMAN LIVES ARE A CONTIUAS PROCESS OF CHANGE |
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Definition
| WE GROW IN AGE AND LEARN BUT EACH THING THAT HAPPENS TO US CHANGES US IN SOME WAY |
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Term
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Definition
| MOST OF OUR ACTIONS ARE ATTEMPTS TO MEET OUR NEEDS |
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| HUMANS ARE SOCIAL ANIMALS |
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Definition
| SOCIAL GROUPS ARE ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH THINGS THAT SINGLE INDIVIDUALS CANNOT |
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| PEOPLE PLAY AN ACTIVE PART IN CREATING THEIR EXPERIENCES |
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Definition
| WE ARE ACTIVE PARTICIPANTS IN THE FLOW OF LIFE WE CHOOSE WHAT WE DO TO BECOME WHO WE WANT TO BE |
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| BEHAVIOR CAN BE ADAPTIVE OR MALADAPTIVE |
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| WE CAN USE MALADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR I.E CLINGY AGGRESSIVE TO GET THINGS WE WANT OR WE CAN ADJUST OUR BEHAVIOR PROPERLY TO GET THINGS WE WANT |
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Term
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Definition
| HAS TO BE SOMETHING TO BE OBSERVABLE |
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Term
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Definition
| YOU TELL US HOW YOU WOULD DEFINE THE WORD HOW SOMETHING IS RATHER THEN WHAT IT IS (STRESS B/4 A TEST) HOW YOU DEFINE IT IS YOUR DEFINATION |
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Term
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Definition
| DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES METHODS OF OBSERVATION USED TO DESCRIBE PREDICTED BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES |
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Term
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Definition
| ASK A SET OF PREDETERNIED QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ANSWERED ON A SCALE (LIKE 1-10) |
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| WATCH SOMETHING WITHOUT BEING OBSERVED AS IT OCCURS IN NATURAL LIFE SETTINGS |
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Definition
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Term
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| STUDY PEOPLE WITH EMOTIONAL/ METAL PROBLEMS |
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Term
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Definition
| CAN TELL THE OUTCOME OF ONE COMPARED TO OUTCOME OF OTHER EITHER BOTH GO UP OR BOTH GO DOWN |
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Term
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Definition
| CAN TELL ONE WITH THE OTHER BOTH GO IN OPPISITE DIRECTIONS ONE UP ONE DOWN |
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Definition
| ANYTHING THAT CHANGES YOU CAN ASSIGN A # TO |
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Term
| CORALLATION DOES NOT MEAN CAUSATION |
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Definition
| JUST BECAUSE TWO THINGS GO TOGETHER DOES NOT MEAN THEY ARE THEY SAME |
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Term
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Definition
THE VARIABLE WHOSE QUANTATIVE VALUE IS INDEPENDENTLY CONTROLLED BY THE RESEARCHER
(WHO GOT THE VACCINE) |
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Term
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Definition
THE VARIABLE WHOSE QUANTITIVE VALUE IS EXPECTED TO DEPEND ON THE EFFECTS OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
(WHO GOT POLIO) |
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Term
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Definition
THE GROUP IN AN EXPERIMENT THAT RECEIVES SOME VALUE OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE
(WHO GOT EXPERIMENTED ON) |
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Term
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Definition
THE GROUP IN SIMPLE EXPERIMENTS THAT IS NOT EXPOSED TO ANY LEVEL OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE AND IS USED FOR COMPARISONS WITH THE TREATMENT GROUP
(REST OF POPULATION ) |
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Term
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Definition
THE REQUIREMENT THAT PARTICIPANTS BE ASSIGNED RANDOMLY TOO EXPERIMANTAL CONDITIONS IN FORMAL EXPERIMENTS RATHER THEN IN A SYSTEMATIC WAY
(SO THE RESEARCHER CANNOT INFLUANCE THE RESULTS I.E WHO GOT THE VACCINE AND WHO DIDN'T) |
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Term
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Definition
| CHANGES IN BEHAVIOR PRODUCED BY A CONDIDTION IN A FORMAL EXPERIMENT THOUGHT TO BE INERT OR INACTIVE SUCH AS A SUGER PILL |
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Term
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Definition
| A FORMAL EXPERIMENT IN WHICH THE RESEARCHER WHO MEASURES THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE DOES NOT KNOW WHICH PARTICIPANTS ARE THE EXPERIMENTAL GROUP OR THE CONTROL GROUP IN DOUBLE BLIND EXPERIMNETS THE PARTICIPANTS ALSO DO NOT KNOW IF THEY ARE IN THE EXPERIMANTAL OR THE CONTROL GROUP |
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Term
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Definition
| SUBTLE BUT POTENTIALLY POWERFUL UNINTENIONAL INFLUANCES ON THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE CAUSED BY THE EXPERIMENTERS' INTERACTING DIFFERENTLY WITH THE PARTICIPANTS IN THE EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS |
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Term
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Definition
| STATISTICS SUCH AS THE MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION THAT SUMMERIZE THE NUMERICAL RESULTS OF STUDIES |
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Term
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Definition
| THE AVERAGE SET OF A SET OF SCORES |
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Term
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Definition
| THE MIDDLE OF A SET OF SCORES THAT ARE ORDERED FROM SMALLEST TO LARGEST WHERE 50% HAVE A HIGHER SCORE AND 50% HAVE LOWER SCORES |
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Definition
| THE MOST COMMON SCORE IN A SET OF SCORES |
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Term
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Definition
| THE SYMMETRICAL PATTERN OF SCORES ON A SCALE IN WHICH A MAJORITY OF THE SCORES ARE CLUSTERED NEAR THE CENTER AND A MINORITY ARE AT EITHER EXTREME |
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Term
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Definition
| a decision based on statistical calculations that a finding was unlikley to have occured by chance |
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Term
ETHICAL PRINCIPAL
FREEDOM FROM COERCION |
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Definition
| IT IS NOT ETHICAL TO COERCE OR PRESSURE AN INDIVIDUAL INTO PARTICIPATING IN AN EXPERIMENT |
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Term
ETHICAL PRINCIPAL
INFORMED CONSENT |
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Definition
| HAVE TO KNOW THE RISKS OF PARTIIPATING IN THE EXPERIMANT |
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Term
ETHICAL PRINCIPAL
LIMITED DECEPTION |
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Definition
| SOMETIMES IT IS NECESSARY TO CONDUCT EXPERIMENTS W/O THE PARTICIPANTS KNOWING THE FULL PURPOSE OF THE STUDY |
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Term
ETHICAL PRINCIPAL
ADEQUATE DEBRIEFING |
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Definition
| PARTICIPANTS HAVE A RIGHT TO KNOW THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY |
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Term
ETHICAL PRINCIPAL
CONFIDENTIALITY |
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Definition
| ALL PARTICIAPNTS MUST HAVE ANONYMITY WHEN RESULTS ARE RELEASED |
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Term
ETHICS OF RESEARCH W/NONHUMAN ANIMALS
NECESSITY |
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Definition
| ARE ONLY ETHICAL WHEN THEY ARE NECESSARY TO SIGNIFICANTLY ADVANCE THE UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN OR ANIMAL BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES |
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ETHICS OF RESEARCH W/NONHUMAN ANIMALS
HEALTH |
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Definition
| ALL ANIMAL SUBJECTS MUST BE CARED FOR IN A MANNER THAT ENSURES GOOD HEALTH |
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Term
ETHICS OF RESEARCH W/NONHUMAN ANIMALS
HUMANE TREATMENT |
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Definition
| EVERY EFFORT MUST BE MADE TO MINIMIZE THE DISCOMFORT OF THE ANIMAL SUBJECT |
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