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Chapter 7
Learning
44
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
01/23/2014

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Term
Learning
Definition
A relatively permanent change in an organisms behaviors due to experience
Term
Learned
Definition
Taught
Term
Unlearned
Definition
Instincts
Term
Classical Conditioning
Definition
Learning through association
Term
Unconditioned Stimulus
Definition
Unlearned item (Food)
Term
Unconditioned Response
Definition
Unlearned Response (Salivate)
Term
Conditioned Stimulus
Definition
Paired trigger (Bell)
Term
Conditioned Response
Definition
Learned Response to trigger (Salivate to Bell)
Term
Acquisition
Definition
Period of learning
Term
Extinction
Definition
When you unlearn
Term
Spontaneous Recovery
Definition
Conditioned response after extinction
Term
Generalization
Definition
Generalize condition stimulus to anything similar (Baby Albert, anything fuzzy)
Term
Discrimination
Definition
Distinguishes between conditioned stimulus and other things
Term
Operate Learning
Definition
Learn from rewards and punishments
Term
Shaping
Definition
Guide behaviors through rewards and punishments
Term
Punishment
Definition
Doesn't want behavior
Term
Reinforcement
Definition
To encourage behavior
Term
Positive
Definition
Add, give
Term
Negative
Definition
Subtract, take away
Term
Positive Reinforcement
Definition
Give something good for doing well
(Good grades, more money)
Term
Negative Reinforcement
Definition
Take something bad away for doing well
(Good grades, no curfew)
Term
Positive Punishment
Definition
Give something bad for doing bad
(Bad grades, more chores)
Term
Negative Punishment
Definition
Take something away for doing bad
(Bad grades, no car keys)
Term
Primary Reinforcement
Definition
Helps with survival (Food, water)
Term
Conditioned Reinforcement(Secondary)
Definition
Something that's associated with primary reinforcement (Money)
Term
Immediate Reinforcement
Definition
Happens right away
Term
Delayed Reinforcement
Definition
Happens after
Term
Continuous Reinforcement
Definition
Gets reinforced every time
Term
Partial Reinforcement
Definition
Gets reinforced occasionally
Term
Operant Conditioning
Definition
Scheduled reinforcement
Term
Fixed Ratio
Definition
No change to reinforcement
($5 for every trash bin filled)
Term
Variable Ratio
Definition
Changing reinforcement
(Sometimes $5 for every bin)
Term
Fixed Interval
Definition
Scheduled reinforcement
(Biweekly pay check)
Term
Variable Interval
Definition
Random reinforcement
(Survivor finding water in wild)
Term
Fixed
Definition
Same, not changing
Term
Variable
Definition
Changing
Term
Ratio
Definition
Number of times event occurs
Term
Interval
Definition
Amount of time that passes
(days, months, years)
Term
Intrinsic Motivation
Definition
Do it for yourself, because you want to
(Playing music for fun)
Term
Extrinsic Motivation
Definition
Do it because of reward or punishment
(Playing music professionally, as job)
Term
Observational Learning
Definition
Learned by observing
Term
Modeling
Definition
Observe and mimic behavior
Term
Positive Observational Learning
Definition
Positive mimicked behaviors
(Helping someone)
Term
Negative Observational Learning
Definition
Negative mimicked behaviors
(Smoking, do as I say not as I do)
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