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Psychology Test 3
n/a
31
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
11/13/2012

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Term
Classical Conditioning
Definition
One learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
Term
Operant Conditioning
Definition
Behavior that is strengthened if followed by reinforcement and weakened if followed by punishment
Term
Associative Learning
Definition
Repeatedly perceive an outcome following an event
Term
What is U.S.?
Definition
U.S. is an unconditioned stimulus.
Term
What is U.R.?
Definition
Unconditioned Response
Term
What is C.S.?
Definition
Conditioned Stimulus
Term
What is C.R.?
Definition
Conditioned Response
Term
Who picked up Ivan Pavlov's research and what did he apply it to?
Definition
John Watson and he applied it to human behavior.
Term
Acquisition is...
Definition
the process of acquiring a conditioned response
Term
What is Law of Effect (Thorndyke)
Definition
behaviors that produce favorable outcomes are likely to be repeated
Term
What is positive punishment?
Definition
Giving something.
Term
What is negative punishment?
Definition
Taking something away.
Term
Spanking is a WHAT punisher?
Definition
Positive. GIVING punishment.
Term
What is fixed ratio?
Definition
Response after a certain number of clicks. (i.e. 5 clicks)
Term
What is fixed interval?
Definition
Response after a period of time. (i.e. 2 Minutes)
Term
What is a Variable Ratio?
Definition
Around every 20th on average. (15-25 Hits, random response somewhere)
Term
What is Variable interval?
Definition
Response around a section of time. (5-15 seconds, response sometime in there)
Term
What is Variable interval?
Definition
Response around a section of time. (5-15 seconds, response sometime in there)
Term
What is the three stage process of Memory?
Definition
Encoding, Storage, and then Retrieval.
Term
What two methods of encoding can a person use?
Definition
Automatic VS. Effortful
Term
What study was Ebbighaus known for?
Definition
Memory Research, and his work with nonsense syllables.
Term
What is the Serial Position Effect? Two words for it?
Definition
You are more likely to remember the beginning or end of a list. Recency and Primacy.
Term
What does Sensory memory include?
Definition
Iconic and Echoic Memory
Term
What did John Miller say you could remember in short term memory?
Definition
Around 7 Items. Give or Take 2.
Term
What does Consolidation mean?
Definition
Stuff getting transferred from short to long term memory.
Term
What five things are involved in Cognition?
Definition
Concepts, Problem Solving, Decision-Making, Intuition, & Framing. (CPDIF)
Term
What are concepts?
Definition
Mental groupings of similar things and making thinking faster, but not more efficient.
Term
What is a prototype?
Definition
Your idea of an object and what it is supposed to look like.
Term
What are the three behaviors of intelligent people?
Definition
Practical problem-solving skills, verbal skills, and social competence.
Term
What did Charles Spreeman refer to as "g"?
Definition
General Intelligence
Term
What are four ways of problem solving?
Definition
Trial and Error, Algorithms, Heuristics, & Insight
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