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| The first experimental studies of an associative learning were conducted by |
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| CS (condition stimulate); USC (unconditional stimulate) |
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In classical condition, the __________ signals the impending occurrence of the ______. |
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| In Pavlov’s experiments on the salivary condition of dogs, the UCS was ______. |
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| In Pavlov’s experiments, the dos salivation triggered by the taste of food was a |
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| Enables us to adapt to our environment |
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| According to the textbook, learning does ________. |
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Extinction occurs when a _________ is no longer paired with a ___________. |
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Rats easily learn to associate nausea producing radiation treatments with _____________. |
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| A stimulace that aquires reinforcing power through association with another reinforcer is called a _____________ reinforcer. |
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| resistance to extinction is most strongly encouraged by ____________ reinforcement. |
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re appeareance after a rest pause of an extin |
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| spontaneous recovery refers to the ____________________. |
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| may be produced through classical condition. |
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Definition
| Watson and Rayners study of baby albert demonstrated how specific fears |
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| a chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to gain reward |
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| A skinner box is a __________. |
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| Positive reinforcers _______ the rate of operant responding and negative reinforcers __________ of operant responders. |
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| Rates of operant responding are_________ for fixed ratios than for fixed interval schedules |
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| Rates of operant responding are __________ for variable ratios than for variable interval schedules |
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| Response Stimulace: stimulace |
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Definition
| Operant behavior is to __________ associations as respondant behavior is to ___________ associations. |
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| Negative reinforcerrs ____________ the rate of operant response, and punishments ___________ the rate of operant respondants |
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| BF skinners work elaborated what EL thorndike had called ______________. |
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| An event that increases the frequency of the behavior it follows is an |
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| a physical state that usually triggers motivational elapses |
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| a need refers to ___________. |
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| a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal |
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| Motivation is defined by psychologists as _____________. |
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| studies of late learning highlight the importance of ________________. |
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| The ability to learn by witnessing and imitating the behavior of others illustrates |
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22 year old, hwama, is overweight and loves to eat. Fearful of becoming really overweight she frequently takes laxatives followed binges. She clearly suffers from ____________. |
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| Food deprivation is to hunger as ____________ is to ______________ |
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| adequate clothing; self esteem |
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Definition
| according to meslo, our need for ____________ must be met before our need for ______________ |
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| the specific body weight maintained by most adults for long periods |
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| the set point is ________ |
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| the body’s tendency to maintain a constant internal state |
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| homeostasis refers to __________. |
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| which theorists have been most directly criticized for underestimating the variability of behavior from situation to situation |
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| which of the following is true of the MMPI? |
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| Walter Michelle’s studies of students conciencouness reveiled only a modest relationhip between being conciencous on one occasion and being similarily conciencousness on another. According to michelle this should make psychologists more cautios on _________. |
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| external locust of control |
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Definition
| the perception that ones fate is determined by luck reflects blank |
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| dogs strapped into a harness and given an unavoidable shocks develop ______ |
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| past performance in situations involving similar responsibilities |
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| the social cognitive perspective suggests that the best way to predict a political candidates performance after election is to assess that individuals ________ |
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| over estimating the extent to which others notice our appearance and performance is called ________ |
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| a persons whose self esteem is momentarily threatened is especially likely to do what |
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| Americans were more optimistic that they would go to heaven than would either Michael Jordan or bill Clinton. This best illustrates __________. |
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| the importance of romance in marriage relationships is most likely to be emphasized in cultures that value _________. |
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facilitate conversion of its blood glucouse to fat |
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Definition
| destruction of eventromedial hypothalamus of a rat is most likely to |
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| imidiate reninforcers; delayed reienforcers |
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| In Order to quickly teach a dog to roll over on command you would best be advised to use rather then |
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| Increases in increase hunger. Increase in decrease hunger. |
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| Preschool children pounded a bo-bo doll that they had jus seen an adult pound, this illustrates |
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| who highlighted the importance of observational learning? |
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| An event that increase the frequency of the behavior that it follows is a |
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| According to the text, learning us to adopt to our envirornment |
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| boys are most likely; phallic stage |
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Definition
| According to Freud, likely to experience the Oddipus during the . |
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Freud suggested that the process of identification is most directly responsible for the development of the |
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| Freud suggested that orally fixated adults are esp. likely to exhibit |
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| ego to prevent threatening impulses from being conciously recognized. |
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| According to Freud, defense mech. are used by the |
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| conciously express feelings that are the opposite of unconcious unacceptable impulses. |
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| Reaction formation refers to the process by which people |
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pSYCHOLOGIST often dont agree on how to score the results of the test |
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| The major reason for the unreliability Roorschach ink blot test is the fact that . |
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| Which neo-freudian theroist emphasized...... |
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| childhood sexual instincts |
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| Neo-fraudian personality therorist were most likely to disagree with freud about the importance of |
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| concious & gender identity form as children resolve the opedus complex |
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| Contemporary pscychologist are least likely to agree with Freud that |
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| Survivors memoris of the Nazi death camp experiences most clearly challenge Freuds concept of |
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| Self-actualized people, as described by Maslow, are least like to become highly |
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| Which theorist emphasized that personal growth is promoted by assco. with others who are guiniue, accepting, and empathtic |
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| Charcteristic patterns of our behavior & motivation are called |
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A personality inventory that utilizes only those items that have been shown to differciate ppl is a test |
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| The big 5 trait demenscions were identified by means of |
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