Very broad "How one thinks"

Learning motivation, language, memory, problem solving, sensation and perception.

Study of psychology across a life span

-Development of moral reasoning; social development; issues around death and dying.

How brain, mind, behavior are interconnected.

Study of what mechanisms meditation alters the brain.

Relationship between bodily systems, chemicals, though, and behavior.

-such as stress, testosterone.

Study of personality

Can a person's personality change?

What can cause this change?

Study of psych disorders and their treatment; promotion of psych health.

 Largest Sub-disipline

Factors of school combines many different disciplines

-social, cognitive and developmental health

Psych factors in a workplace

How does communication skills affect an employees morale?

Psych factors in sports/exercise

-How can players maintain focus at an away game?

Combines psych/law/criminal justice

-Commonly do psychological evaluations.

Observing phenomena and test it

-Set it up so that it could be falsified.

Observing something

Predict a hypothesis

Test the hypothesis

Interpret the data that you receive from the testing

Communicate the results

Replicate the findings (with a small difference)

1st step: identify amount of population

sample

population

all people

NO predictions

Case study- Jane Goodall

Naturalistic Observations

Interviews

Surveys

Strength and direction (nature) of relationship

How closely are the variables related and in what way?

Positive correlations

Negative correlations

Manipulation of the IV

Measurement of the DV

Random assignment

Control groups and placebos

Confounding Variables

Social Desirability Bias

Experimenter Effects

Experimenter expectancy effects

Single-Blind v. Double Blind Studies

Experimental Design with no random assignment

Naturally occuring groups

Meta-Analysis

Study of studies!

Magnitude of effect (effect size)

Self-report measures

Bahvioral measures

Physiological Measures

Interviews and Questionnaires

Testing Hypothesis

How likely is a sample score to occur in a population

T-Test

Many types of inferential statistics but this is the most common.

Informed Consent

Respect for Persons

Beneficence

Privacy

Justice

IRB Approval

Can be used if: 

Fully justified

Part of research design

No alternative

PArticipants are debriefed

Standard in humane treatment

Different "IRB"

Slows ANS Activity

Eating/Drinking

Neuromuscular junction

LEarning and Memory

Sleep and Dreaming

*It slows things down

*It does have some activity in central nervous system

Arousal and mood

Voluntary Muscle Movement

Excess correlates with psychosis

Increases ANS activity- simpathetic 

Fight- or flight psychosis

Adrenalin

Acts on the Central Nervous System

Increases alertness and attention

Drugs that treat ADHD

Mood, sleep, eating, temperature regulation

Deficit leads to depression and anxiety

Most linked to depressive

Primary excitatory neurotransmitter

Increases CNS activity 

Learing and Memory

May be involved in schizophrenia

Impact that ectasy has on glutamate

Enzymes bind with the neurotransmitter and destroy it 

Used for common neurotransmitters that are easy for the body to produce

Neurotransmitters is transported back to the presynaptic neuron to be stored in the vesicles

Used for neurotransmitters that are more difficult for the body to produce.

This is important with emotion

Important with perception of pain

When you are excluded socially

It senses when something is wrong

Coordinating Muscle Movement

Involved in Motor LEarning and Behaviors

Projections in many parts of the brain

Bridge between brain stem and rest of the brain

Regulates sleep

Sets general level of arousal

REgulates level of alertness

Regulates Breathing, heart rate, heart beat

you need this to live!

If it is damaged you DIE!

Fear response

Something was bad, so you will remember it

That is why it is connected to the hippocampus

Center of the brain

Almost all the senses go to that place and it sent out to the appropriate place

Interacts with endocrine system

Eating, sexual behavior

below the thalamus

regulating hormones

Regulating temperature

Involved in the formation of the new memories

Case of HM- in the book

Help Navigate space

Part of the brain that makes mental presentations of things

Blends some of the functions of the frontal lobe

Allows you to see color

Orientation of lines

Consciously see what things are

Plan out behaviors

To Problem solve

To sustain attention

Planning for the future

Involved in personality

Purpose of the frontal lobe is to inhibit behaviors

Process auditory information

involved with memory

involved in hearing loss

Important for the production of language

By the motor cortex

If damaged you can produce words but you can't understand others.

Important for understanding language

Right up by the temporal lobes

If damaged people can produce things that sound like words but no one can understand what they are saying

Difference in plasticity

Changes over time

Neurogenius

Synaptogenesis

Little sensors that can pick up electro activity

Only can find out things from the cortex

One of the oldest measures and one of the cheapest

Looking at brain function

Picks up structures

Just shows what the brain looks like.

No indication of how it is functioning

Similar to an MRI machine

It is giving you the structure of the brain in a picture but also shows magnetic field of what is going on

Extremely expensive

Looks similar to MRI machine

Kind of like FMRI without the structure of the brain

Just shows the scan of the brains glucose level of the brain

There is a bit of a delay which is the downside

Less expensive than an MRI

Fancy MRI

Looks specifically between connections in the brain

Newer development

Master Gland

Releases hormones to glands

Energy levels

Metabolism

Adrenaline

Fight or flight

REaleases hormones involved in stress response and emotions

Regulates sugar level

Releases insulin