Term
| What psychological issues are specific to women? What topics are generally discussed from male point of view? |
|
Definition
-mothers
-periods
-educators
-pregnancy
-homemakers
-menopuse
-childbrith
-more suicide attempts
-nurses
-more verbal
-worry about their physical looks
-eating disorders
-more victims of sexual crimes
-abortion
-different views on promesquity
-basic human rights
-miscarriage |
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Term
| What topics are generally discussed from male point of view? |
|
Definition
sexual addiction
-religious belief
-sports
-war
-money
-jobs/leadership positions
-politics
-education
-achievement
-sexuality
-homosexuality
-legal system
-retirement
-serial killers, etc.
-medical
-substance abuse
-aggression
-porn |
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Term
| Difference between sex and gender |
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Definition
Sex- is the way we are biologically born.
Gender- Is the subjective sense of who I am sexually |
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Term
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Definition
fight for equal rights
*belief system that emphasizes that woman and men should be socially,
economically and legally equal.*
-does not exclude rights of men. |
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Term
| what are the positions of the 4 types of feminsim? |
|
Definition
Liberal
Cultural
Radical
Women-of-color feminism |
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Term
|
Definition
focuses on goal of gender equality
-encourages laws to guarantee equal rights for men and woman
(examples of equal rights: right to vote, abortion, right to own property,
equal rights amendment)
-believe differences are relatively small and would be even
smaller if woman were give equal opportunities
-believes we would all benefit if rigid gender roles were reduced. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
emphasizes positive equalities generally associated with woman-
loving, caring, nurturing...
-believes gender differences are large
-believes culture should change to value cooperation (woman)
over agrgression (men) |
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Term
|
Definition
believes sexism permeates our society
-massive social changes are needed to root out sexism that is seen
at every level from single man to woman relationships to internaional
affairs. |
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Term
| - Woman-of-color feminism |
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Definition
believes other 3 types ignore ethnicity and social classes
-deeper changes needed tahn to just focus on white, middle-class
heterosexual woman and then adjusting this to fit other groups.
(you have to look deeper into the groups) |
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|
Term
woman are basically servants helping others---- 3
-to many thing white woman...-------- 4
-laws must be made...--------- 1
-my goal as a feminist is to value strength...----- 2
-woman are more peaceful than men...------2 |
|
Definition
woman are basically servants helping others---- 3
-to many thing white woman...-------- 4
-laws must be made...--------- 1
-my goal as a feminist is to value strength...----- 2
-woman are more peaceful than men...------2 |
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Term
| Similarities perspectives |
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Definition
(Liberal and radical will agree more)
-social constructions- we create our version of reality based on our experiences,
interactions, and beliefs.
(not because they are different but because we expect them to be different)
research supports this perspective. |
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Term
|
Definition
(radical or cultural will agree more with this perspective)
-essentialism- gender is basic, unchangeable characteristics that come
from within the person not from culture.
(essentially would say that woman will behave in all cultures, which is NOT
what we see. This is not supported by research) |
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Term
| Know all of chapter one even though we didnt discuss it in class |
|
Definition
| know all of chapter one eventhough we didnt discuss it in class |
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Term
| - Sources of bias in gender research |
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Definition
| Stereotype, Prejudice, descrimination |
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Term
|
Definition
| - the thinking beliefs about a group (doesn't have to be negative) /// maybe partially true |
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Term
|
Definition
| - feeling - negative attitude toward a group |
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Term
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Definition
| - when you act on your stereotypes// actions against someone from a specific group |
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Term
| Bias- covers all threeBias- covers all three |
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Definition
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|
Term
| How have women been represented historically, in religion, in language, in media, effects of biased representations |
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Definition
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|
Term
| 1. Aristotle- Women can't develop fully as rational being more likely to be envious and to lie. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Adam & Eve
2. Yin/ Yang Light intellect goodness/ Darkness ignorance evil
3. Hinduism: an unmarried woman or widow has no personal identity |
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|
Term
| General Themes from Religion |
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Definition
1. Women are evil
2. Terrifying witches- Medusa, Hera, succubi, Sirens, Eve
3. Virtuous- Virgin Mary, Cinderella, Muse, Mother Earth |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Men are normal women are different- |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Components of prejudice
Women typically viewed as less competent.
Especially by males
When little info about qualifications
We tend to prefer the man
Evaluators who have expertise in an occupation are especially likely to downgrade women
Bias against women may be strongest when a woman is acting in a stereotypically masculine fashion
Women are seen as typically being more pleasant unless she is a feminist |
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Term
Components of prejudice toward women, ambivalent sexism
Includes 2 competing types of sexism |
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Definition
| Hostile and Benevolent sexism |
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Term
|
Definition
| Blatant women should know their place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emphasizes womens special niceness purity but focuses on how diffreent they are from men |
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Term
| Males somewhat higher than women on benevolent sexism and they are much higher on hostile in countries with low gender equality rate higher on both |
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Definition
| Males somewhat higher than women on benevolent sexism and they are much higher on hostile in countries with low gender equality rate higher on both |
|
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Term
| - What countries show least discrimination toward women, most discrimination |
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Definition
| Eastern countries show most discrimination towards women and western cultures show least discrimination toward them |
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Term
|
Definition
Heterosexism- 1/3 of lesbians and gay men report having been assaulted
Marriage not allowed
Less insurance coverage
Men more negative than women toward homosexuals
Both genders are more negative toward gay men then lesbians if you have more traditional gender roles you're more likely to have negativity toward homosexuals |
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Term
| Consequences of gender stereotypes |
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Definition
| -– cognitive errors, behavior, internalizing stereotypes |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Confirmation bias, Memory bias, Gender polarization, androcentrism |
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Term
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Definition
| - tend to notice what we expect to see |
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Term
|
Definition
| also tend to remember gender consistent info better |
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Term
|
Definition
| : Biased judgments about abilities tend to think women will be better at some things, men at others |
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Term
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Definition
| explanations about the causes of someone else’s behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| : priming subconscious women do worst at math test |
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Term
|
Definition
| - no longer believed to be an advantage |
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Term
| Puberty is sometimes called the |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| age at which a person becomes physically able to sexually reproduce |
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|
Term
| Average age for female puberty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Average age for male puberty |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary Sex characteristics |
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Definition
| a. : Body parts related to sex not critical for it |
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Term
a. Girls become curvier (Increase in body fat, especially in the hips)
b. Acne, B.O. |
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Definition
a. Girls become curvier (Increase in body fat, especially in the hips)
b. Acne, B.O. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| 1. Beginning of menstruation (period) |
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|
Term
| Earliest to reach menarche? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reasons why different women reach menarchy at different times may be related to ...? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Menarchy is a _______ life transition for a girl |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Menarchy is a _______ life transition for a girl |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| nothing really on ____ and _______to support this phase in a female's developement |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. is vaginal bleeding resulting in the loss of build up tissue lining the uterus which had been built up in preparation for a fertilized egg that never arrived. |
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Term
|
Definition
| 1. Involves numerous hormones whose levels fluctuate over 28 day cycle |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. = Cramps, headache, nausea, dizziness, lower back pain, fatigue. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1. Text says _______to ______ percent get it |
|
Definition
| fifty to seventy five percent |
|
|
Term
| _________women more likely to get it |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. :Menstrual disorders involving unusually heavy periods |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. : Pre menstrual ,,,, symptoms include headaches breast soreness or swelling nausea, acne, increased pain sensitivity irritability anxiety low energy tearfulness |
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Term
| PMS occurs on what day(s)? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What percentage of women suffer from PMS? |
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Definition
| 1. Text says 2-5 % have it |
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Term
| Some think its so prevalent because its |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Not all women experience pain during menstruation. Some women experience a phenomenon called ... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ think even touching a menstruating woman is revolting |
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Definition
| Some cultures/// they have dishes and silverware specifically for the menstruating women |
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Term
|
Definition
| 46 ads hide it 1 ad celebrates it. More adds ACCORDING TO TEXT...hide it. |
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Term
|
Definition
| 1. : Same emphasis on importance of woman’s looks |
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Term
| 1. Women less satisfied with bodies after looking at_______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Strongest predictor of self worth in women is ______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Strongest predictor of self worth in men is___________ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _______atheletes have higher self esteem than other women |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Most adolescents support femenist ideas but few________ |
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Definition
| would call them selves femenists |
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Term
| People who support feminist beliefs have greater______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Adolescents who consider self to be very feminine less likely to share ____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
1. Sense that I belong to an ethnic group
2. No difference between boys and girls
3. Whites less concerned about this
4. White as normative messages in beauty magazines TV |
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Term
|
Definition
1. How much I like and value myself
2. Little difference between boys and girls
3. Late teens women take a dip in their self esteem relative to boys
4. Black girls don’t seem to show a dip in self esteem
5. Neither do upper class girls |
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Term
| 1. in ______ and ______ teachers may expect more from boys and to give them more attention may choose examples of interest to boys |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______may react negatively to girls who are good in math and science |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Females do better in schools that emphasize gender than class equality have hugh expectations of girls encourage leadership and have... |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _______percent of college students are female |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Females earn 51 percent of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _______percent of college teachers are female much less in science math engineering |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| There are messages of them not being welcomed in math and other male dominated feilds |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Adolecent males and females tend to aspire to similarly _______Careers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 1. Females tend to be more likely to choose __________careers |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Women who aspire to nontraditional high prestige careers tend to |
|
Definition
| 1. get good grades be independent assertive confident emotionally stable assertive satisfied with her life |
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|
Term
| Females let go of dream because boys don’t |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 1. Have feminist attitudes, middle or upper class moms who have worked outside home supportive family work experience |
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Definition
| 1. Have feminist attitudes, middle or upper class moms who have worked outside home supportive family work experience |
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Term
| Most adolescents have strong emotional bonds with parent and get along well especially on big issues like |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ________are typically closer to mom |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Acceptance of girls carious emotions is still greater than the acceptance of emotions in_________ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Both sexes experience close friendships |
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Definition
| there is really no clear answer in the research to clear that up. |
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Term
| Much information about boys comes from the media- often shows ... |
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Definition
| 1. greater stereotyped relationship behavior |
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|
Term
| 1. Average heterosexual relationship lasts _______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Men mention______when describing their girlfriends |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Women mention what they get from the relationship such as |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Much variation in how having a boyfriend affects how she does in school performance and _________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Lesbian report average age of ____ when they become aware of attraction to females |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Lesbian report average age of ____ when they become aware of attraction to females |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ percent of lesbians have heard anti-gay remarks in school |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Most young lesbians tend to ______ negative remarks |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ percent are glad to be lesbian or bisexual |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| white-as-normative examples |
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Definition
| women who are white have advantages over black women. They are late and no one says she is late because she is white. |
|
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Term
| what is a new term suggested to refer to Latinas/Latinos of either gender |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Ethnic population majority in the United States is ... |
|
Definition
| Mexicans comprising of about 60 percent of the latin@s population |
|
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Term
| how many ethnic groups comprise Asian-Americans |
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Definition
| 31 IMPORTANT: REFER TO THE LAST PARAGRAPH OF PAGE 16. THIS QUESTION IS UNCLEAR. MAKE SURE TO READ THAT PARAGRAPH TO BE SURE. |
|
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Term
| how many different tribal languages spoken by Native Americans |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why black and not african american? |
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Definition
| Black is all inclusive. African American may make some feel less tied to their island roots... |
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Term
| WHAT ARE SOME EXPLICIT STEREOTYPES? |
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Definition
| that is when you are asked directly about a sterotype about women (are women are bad at math?) and you give a socially desirable response... (no) |
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|
Term
| The term hispanic is not preferred because it mainly refers to those with a _______ |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| HEalthiest way for a biracial person to identify |
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Definition
| the healthiest way for a biracial person to identify is not with any particular race but as biracial... |
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Term
|
Definition
| When a person is confronted with,both, racism and sexism |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do we respond to infant boys and girls? |
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Definition
| We talk more to little girls than we do to little boys ect. |
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Term
| Look up and read the gender things... they seem like common sense to me so I didnt bother to put them in here. The next card contains the things that I didnt put n here |
|
Definition
How do we respond to infant boys and girls
- How do kids acquire knowledge about gender – 2 approaches
- How to various sources shape our gender schemas
- What do kids know about gender and when do they know it
- What is gender socialization, what message does tendency for kids’ books to focus on non-stereotypical girls but not non-stereotypical boys give
- What is adolescence, what challenges does it pose
- Biological changes in adolescence
- Self-concept during adolescence
- Differences in education and career attitudes and opportunities for boys and girls
- Characteristics of various relationships in adolescence
- What is the main source of pressure for women to be thin, how do feminists disagree with most psychologists about the cause of eating disorders, what is the relationship between beauty ideals and waves of progress in the feminist movement |
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