Term
| Issue:when are inferences made? |
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Definition
On-line: during comprehension
Off-line: after comprehension during retrieval |
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Term
| Inferential explosion occurs |
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Definition
| If all possible inferences permitted by passage made |
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Term
| Elaborative (forward) inferences |
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Definition
| Expands upon info literally present in discourse |
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Term
| Bridging (backward) inferences |
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Definition
| Inference made to connect current sentence to previous sentence |
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Term
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Definition
Only online generate inferences to maintain local coherence
Locally-coherent inferences made automatically & info active within working memory
Inferences needed to maintain global coherence made off line |
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Term
| Graesser, singer, & Trabasso (1994) |
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Definition
On-line inferences establish both local & global coherence
Comprehender’s primary goal is to provide explanations of events
On-line inferences made when either
Inference satisfies comprehender’s goals
Needed info accessed automatically from world knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
Elaborative targets took longer
Bridging not different than explicit
Elaborative inference made at retrieval |
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Term
| Keenan, Baillet, & Brown (1984) |
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Definition
RT increased as causal relatedness decreased
With decreasing relatedness, need to make online inference increased
Bridging inference made online |
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Term
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Definition
Reading times not longer for implicit compared to explicit sentences
For verification task
Reading times longer for implicit condition
Inference not made on-line but made at verification |
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Term
| Ferstl & von Cramon (2001) |
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Definition
All conditions yield left lateral frontal and lateral temporal activation
Left superior temporal activation
Equally active in both coherence conditions |
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Term
| Glenberg, Wilkinson & Epstein (1982) |
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Definition
Higher when contradictory info presented as new info than when presented as given info
Illusion higher in 3-paragraph than one-paragraph passages |
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Term
| Consonant anticipation: speech error |
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Definition
| A reading list in to leading list |
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Term
| Consonant preservation : speech error |
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Definition
| Phonological rule in to phonological fool |
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Term
| Fromkin (1971):Utterance Generator Model |
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Definition
Describe how speech produced & accounts for speech errors
Six stages at which there different representations Processes of translation of current representation |
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Term
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Definition
Speech-comprehension system
Monitors for speech errors
Attempts to engage in self-corrections |
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Term
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Definition
| Global/holistic apprehension conceptualization stage precedes incremental production stage |
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Term
| Dell’s (1986; Dell, Burger, & Svec, 1997) Connectionist Model |
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Definition
Prior to production
Activation gradually spreads from various sources to particular representations
Activation gradual
After production
Activation rapidly decays |
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Term
| Singer: Question-answering Model |
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Definition
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