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Psychology Exam
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61
Psychology
11th Grade
05/01/2011

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Term
Actor-Observer Bias
Definition
One's own behavior is due to situational factors while other's behaviors are due to dispositional factors
Term
Self-Serving Bias
Definition
Success is due to dispositional factors; failure is due to situational factors.
Term
Fundamental Attribution Error
Definition
Overestimating dispositional factors and underestimating situational factors
Term
Mere-Exposure Effect
Definition
Attitudes may become more positive with more exposure.
Term
Cognitive Theory
Definition
Experience makes language
Term
Operant Learning Theory
Definition
Language gained through imitation and reinforcement
Term
Retroactive Interference
Definition
New information blocks old
Term
Proactive Interference
Definition
Old information blocks new
Term
Mis-Information Effect
Definition
Memory can be altered through suggestion during the process of recall
Term
Primacy Recency Effect
Definition
Tend to remember beginning and end of a list
Term
Priming
Definition
One concept activates another in memory
Term
Gestaltists
Definition
"The whole is greater than the sum of it's parts."
Term
Activation Synthesis Theory
Definition
Dreams are a result of the brain interpreting neural activity from the brainstem
Term
Hypnopompic
Definition
waking up
Term
Hypnoagogic
Definition
falling asleep
Term
Atona
Definition
muscle suppression; paralysis
Term
Zietgebars
Definition
Cues for sleep
Term
Unconscious
Definition
Aslep
Term
Pre-Conscious
Definition
Outside awareness
Term
Non-Conscious
Definition
Unaware; not focused on
Term
Conscious
Definition
Awareness; what is focused on
Term
Signal Detection
Definition
Detecting a distinct stimulus amidst many other sensations
Term
Difference Threshold
Definition
Point at which you detect the smallest change in stimulus
Term
Absolute Threshold
Definition
Point at which you detect a stimulus at least 50% of the time
Term
Testes
Definition
release testosterone
Term
Adrenal Glands
Definition
Releases adrenaline.Stimulates autonomic nervous system.
Term
Pineal Gland
Definition
Releases melatonin to regulate sleep cycle
Term
Ovaries
Definition
Releases estrogen and progesterone
Term
Pancreas
Definition
Releases insulin to regulate blood sugar
Term
Thyroid Gland
Definition
Releases thyroxin to regulate metabolism
Term
Pituitary Gland
Definition
"master gland"
Term
Endocrine System
Definition
Regulates the release of hormones. System of glands that control growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
Term
Cerebral Cortex
Definition
Divided into lobes
Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition
Connects the 2 hemispheres
Term
Cerebrum
Definition
Two hemispheres. Houses areas of reasoning and personality.
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Controls movement and works without our awareness
Term
Limbic System
Definition
Control center for emotions and memory formation. Regulates some hormone release. Amygdala. Hippocampus. Hypothalamus.
Term
Thalamus
Definition
"Switchboard" of nerve impulses in and out of the brain
Term
Brainstem
Definition
Coordination area for nerves into the brain. Regulates automatic processes. Medulla Oblongata. Pons. Reticular formation.
Term
Parasympathetic
Definition
Calms arousal processes
Term
Sympathetic
Definition
Arouses organs and glands
Term
Autonomic Nervous System
Definition
Controls automatic actions of organs and glands
Term
Somatic Nervous System
Definition
Controls reflexes and voluntary muscle movements
Term
Peripheral Nervous System
Definition
Connects the central nervous system to muscles and sense areas
Term
Central Nervous System
Definition
Brain and Spinal chord. Connects peripheral nervous system to the brain. Controls reflexes and flow of nerve impulses.
Term
Serotonin
Definition
Affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal.
Term
Norepinephrine
Definition
Controls alertness and arousal
Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
Used in muscle action. Learning and Memory.
Term
Dopamine
Definition
Affects movement, learning, and emotion
Term
GABA
Definition
Inhibitory transmitter
Term
Glutamate
Definition
excitatory transmitter
Term
Action Potential
Definition
Neuron firing
Term
Synapse
Definition
Connection between axon of one neuron to dendrite of another
Term
Myelin Sheath
Definition
Covers axons. Increases speed of electro-chemical reaction
Term
Axon
Definition
SEND signals
Term
Dendrites
Definition
RECEIVE signals. Covered with receptor sites.
Term
Soma
Definition
Neuron cell body
Term
Nerve
Definition
Bundle of single axon fibers
Term
Interneurons
Definition
Spinal neurons
Term
Motor neuron
Definition
Send movement signals
Term
Sensory neuron
Definition
Receive sensory input
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