Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalysis a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how embarassing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| according to Freud, a reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories. According to contemporary psychologists, information processing of which we are unaware. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The largely conscious,"Executive" part of personality that according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, superego and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents the internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the childhood stages of development (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which the id's pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 0-18 months. Pleasure centers on the mouth -sucking biting chewing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control. You lose your freedom because you have to poop on command. Id urge is being suppressed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 3-6 years. Pleasure centers on genitals. Unconscious sexual desires for mother and hatred for rival (dad). They feel guilt and resentment for father but also fear punishment (castration) so they cope by repressing the feelings and identifying (trying to be like) their rival parent. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 6-puberty Dormant sexual feelings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Puberty on. Maturation of sexual interests. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| According to Freud a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealous and hatred for his rival father. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process by which children incorporate their parents values into their developing super egos. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psycho sexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved. A person who continues to suck on their thumb or orally fixate on something comes from failure in oral stage (breastfeeding etc...) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness. (not 100% often these repressed things come back) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory a defense mechanism in which an individual faced with anxiety retreats back to a more infantile psychosexual stage, where some psychic energy remains. (kids suck their thumbs again or adults crying for mommy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory, a defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulse into their opposites. Thus, people may express feeling that are the opposite of their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings. Scared guy acting tough. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory the defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening impulses by attributing them to others. Accusing others of being what they are. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place the real, more threatening unconscious reasons for one's actions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in psychoanalytic theory, defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even perceive painful realities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A personality test that such as the Rorschach or TAT, that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection or one's inner dynamics. |
|
|
Term
| Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
|
Definition
| A projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots designed by Hermann Rorschach seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A theory of death-related anxiety; explores people's emotional and behavioral responses to reminders of their impending death. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| according to Maslow, one of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic pysical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential. |
|
|
Term
| unconditional positive regard |
|
Definition
| according to Rogers, an attitude of toal acceptance toward another person. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all our thoughts and feelings about our selves in answers to the question "who am i?" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to a guage a wide range of feelings and behaviors used to assess selected personality traits. |
|
|
Term
| Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory |
|
Definition
| The most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders (still considered its most appropriate use), this test is now used for many other screening purposes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a test such as the MMPI developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups. |
|
|
Term
| social cognitive perspective |
|
Definition
| views behavior as influence by the interaction between people's traits (including their thinking) and their social context |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the extent to which people perceive control over their environment rather than feeling helpless |
|
|
Term
| external locus of control |
|
Definition
| the perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate. |
|
|
Term
| internal locus of control |
|
Definition
| the perception that you control you own fate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events. UNCONTROLLABLE BAD EVENT ==> PERCEIVED LACK OF CONTROL==> GENERALIZED HELPLESS BEHAVIOR |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individual communities to thrive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in contemporary psychology, assumed to be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| overestimating others' noticing and evaluation our appearance, performance, and blunders (as if we presume a spotlight shines on us) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one's feelings of high or low self-worth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a readiness to perceive oneself favorably |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| focusing on how healthy happy people achieve self actualization and self realization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Created hierarchy of needs. Self actualization is ultimate need and its reaching potential. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Believed that people are basically good and endowed with self actualizing tendencies and need unconditional positive regard to reach full potential. |
|
|
