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Psychology Ch 18- Social Perception
N/A
21
Psychology
11th Grade
11/05/2012

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Cards

Term
Social Perception
Definition

How we form impressions of people from smallest amounts of evidence

 

Ex. Judging a book by its cover

Term
Attribution
Definition

Making infrences about others based on their actions

 

 

Term
External Cause
Definition

A behavior that lies outside a person that we use to form our attributions

 

Ex. Walking, talking, and other observable behaviors

Term
Internal Cause
Definition

A behavior the we assume lies within a person that we use to make attributions

 

Ex. Personality traits, feelings,and emotions

Term
Consistent
Definition
When a behavior changes very little when we observe it on many different occasions
Term
Distinctive
Definition
When the behavior occurs only under certain circumstances.
Term
Deducing Causes
Definition
To deduce causes, we take into account the person, actions directed towards them, and setting in which the action occurs.
Term
Situational Demand
Definition

Pressures to behave a certain way  in particular settings in social situations.

 

Ex. Person at funeral very quiet

Term
Actor
Definition

Person of intrest

 

*Actors tend to blame behavior on external causes

*Observers tend to blame behavior on internal causes

Term
Object
Definition
Person action is directed towards
Term
Setting
Definition
Social or physical environment
Term
Fundamental Attributional Error
Definition
Attributing the actions of others to internal causes
Term
Actor-Observer bias
Definition
external causes explain most of out own behaviors.
Term
Need for Affiliation
Definition

-Basic Human trait

 

-Helps meet need for approval, support, friendship, and information

 

-alleviates fear or anxiety

 

-others provide information for self evaluation.

Term
Social Comparison Theory
Definition

-Comparing your own actions, feelings,opinions, or abillities to those of others.

 

Term
Relative Ability
Definition
comparing yourself with people of similar background, abilities and circumstances
Term
Downward comparison
Definition

comparing yourself to someone else through their disadvantages

 

*helps to make you feel better about yourself

Term
Upward Comparison
Definition

Comparing yourslef to the advantages another person has over you

 

*used to help make improvements

Term
Discounting
Definition
Downgrading internal explanations about behavior when a person's actions appear to be strongly influenced by external causes.
Term
Consensus
Definition
the degree in which people respond alike
Term
Self-Handicapping
Definition
Arranging to perform under poor conditions that usually impair performance to have an excuse for a poor showing.
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